terclim by ICS banner
IVES 9 IVES Conference Series 9 Nitrogen uptake, translocation and YAN in berries upon water deficit in grapevines with contrasting stomatal sensitivity

Nitrogen uptake, translocation and YAN in berries upon water deficit in grapevines with contrasting stomatal sensitivity

Abstract

Nitrogen (N2) is critical in grape berries, especially in organic wine making. After intake, N2 follows various metabolic and allocation routes and, from veraison, partly reallocates into berries. Water deficit affects the N2 nutrition due to a poor diffusion in soil solution and vascular mobilisation. Also, affects photosynthesis and the energy needed for metabolism, whose extent would depend on the stomatal sensitivity of the plant. We have assessed the effect of a moderate water deficit from pea size, in 3 years old field grown potted plants of Chardonnay (CH) and Cabernet Sauvignon (CS), differing in stomatal sensitivity, on the N2 status of plant parts. Water deficit reduced photosynthesis, leaf area and fresh and dry plant mass along the season, but up to a higher extent in CS. Vcmax, tightly linked with Rubisco, an important N2 sink in leaves, was strongly reduced after water deficit in both varieties, even though the total leaf N2 at harvest was only reduced in CS under deficit. The yeast assimilable nitrogen in berries, on the other hand, was not affected at harvest, but only after the water deficit was imposed in CS, mainly accountable for ammonium, not primary amino acids. Yet, arginine, the most abundant amino acid in CH was affected by water deficit. N2 allocation to berries is highly favoured, despite the reduced capacity for N2 uptake as inferred from the reduced transcript abundance for N2 transporters in active roots. Further discussion will be made based on N2 transporters in plant parts.

DOI:

Publication date: June 13, 2024

Issue: Open GPB 2024

Type: Poster

Authors

Claudio Pastenes1*, Andrea Ávila-Valdés1, Álvaro Peña-Neira1, Carlos Pérez1, Benjamín Rosales1, Marco Garrido1, Reinaldo Campos1, Carol Leiva1, José Ignacio Covarrubias1

1 Affliliation 1 Universidad de Chile, Facultad de Ciencias Agronómicas

Contact the author*

Keywords

nitrogen intake, nitrogen transporters, photosynthesis, water deficit, YAN

Tags

IVES Conference Series | Open GPB | Open GPB 2024

Citation

Related articles…

Exploiting somaclonal variability to increase drought stress tolerance in grapevine 

Global warming has enhanced the frequency and severity of drought events, hence calling for a better management of water resources in the vineyard and for an improvement of breeding platforms. Somatic embryogenesis (SE) (i.e. the initiation of embryos from somatic tissues) can spontaneously generate new genetic variability, which results from genetic mutations, changes in epigenetic marks, or phenotypic alterations.
This study was tailored to test whether vines in vitro regenerated through SE (i.e. somaclones), can tolerate water deprivation better than the mother plant.

Synthesis of scientific research on the application of mechanized grapevine pruning in the Republic of Moldova

One of the basic problems in the viticulture branch is the improvement of perspective technologies for both vine training systems: with vertical standing and with free position of shoots, adapted to the requirements of complex mechanization.

Valorization of grapevine leaves: screening of polyphenol composition in 50 cultivars

Grapevine leaves are known to contain different polyphenols such as flavonols, catechins and stilbenes, which are known to act as main contributors for plant defense against pathogens (1). While the composition for some major cultivars has been studied, there is lack of systematic comparison about the content of these compounds in the wide ecodiversity of Vitis vinifera cv. Recent advances in Mass Spectrometry-based Metabolomics allow a wider and more sensitive description of these polyphenols, as instance of those present in leaves (2). Such information could help to better explain leaf traits regarding the development of the leaf or to the plant tolerance to a pathogen. Moreover, these compounds offer appealing applications for human health due to their antioxidant activities.

Bio-acidification of wines by Lachancea thermotolerans

Insufficient acidity in grapes from warm climates/vintages is commonly corrected through addition of tartaric acid during vinification, and less so with other organic acids. An alternative approach involves bio-acidification with the yeast Lachancea thermotolerans (LT) via lactic acid production during fermentation.

Rootstock differences in soil-water uptake during drying-wetting cycles imaged with 3d electrical resistivity tomography

Limited knowledge has been acquired on grapevine roots and rhizosphere processes because of harder access when compared to aerial parts. There is need for new methods to study root behavior in undisturbed field conditions, and relate these effects on canopy and yield. The aim of this multidisciplinary study was to image and quantify spatial-temporal differences in soil-water uptake by genetically different rootstocks and to assess the response of the canopy during drought and rewetting.