terclim by ICS banner
IVES 9 IVES Conference Series 9 Exploring grapevine water relations in the context of fruit growth at pre- and post-veraison

Exploring grapevine water relations in the context of fruit growth at pre- and post-veraison

Abstract

Climate change is increasing the frequency of water deficit in many grape-growing regions. Grapevine varieties differ in their stomatal behavior during water deficit, and their ability to regulate water potential under dry soil conditions is commonly differentiated using the concept of isohydricity. It remains unclear whether stomatal behavior, water potential regulation, and the resulting degree of isohydricity has a relationship with changes to fruit growth during water deficit. This study was conducted on four varieties (`Cabernet Franc`, `Semillon`, `Grenache`, and `Riesling`) subjected to both short-term, severe water deficit and long-term, moderate water deficit applied at both pre- and post-veraison. Stomatal conductance was measured with a porometer, pre-dawn and mid-day stem water potentials with a Scholander-type pressure chamber, and fruit growth with a caliper. `Cabernet Franc` and `Riesling` exhibited a greater ability to maintain stomatal conductance, pre-dawn water potential, and mid-day water potential as compared to `Semillon` and `Grenache`. `Cabernet Franc` and `Riesling` were also more resistant to changes in fruit growth than `Semillon` and `Grenache` during both short- and long-term water deficit. Water deficit applied at pre-veraison had a larger impact on fruit growth than when applied at post-veraison. While we were not able to distinctly classify varieties based on common metrics of isohydricity, we found an association between the ability of varieties to maintain stomatal conductance and their ability to maintain fruit growth during water deficit.

DOI:

Publication date: June 13, 2024

Issue: Open GPB 2024

Type: Poster

Authors

Nikolas Wilson1,2*, Leonardo Campigotto3, Thorsten Knipfer1, Simone D. Castellarin1,2

1 Wine Research Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
2 Applied Biology, Faculty of Land and Food Systems, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
3 Department of Agri-food, Environmental and Animal Sciences, University of Udine, Udine, Italy

Contact the author*

Keywords

water deficit, fruit growth, stomata, water potential, isohydricity

Tags

IVES Conference Series | Open GPB | Open GPB 2024

Citation

Related articles…

Microbial life in the grapevine: what can we expect from the leaf microbiome?

The above-ground parts of plants, which constitute the phyllosphere, have long been considered devoid of bacteria and fungi, at least in their internal tissues and microbial presence there was long considered a sign of disease. However, recent studies have shown that plants harbour complex bacterial communities, the so-called “microbiome”[1]. We are only beginning to unravel the origin of these bacterial plant inhabitants, their community structure and their roles, which in analogy to the gut microbiome, are likely to be of essential nature. Among their multifaceted metabolic possibilities, bacteria have been recently demonstrated to emit a wide range of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), which can greatly impact the growth and development of both the plant and its disease-causing agents.

Methodological advances in relating deep root activity to whole vine physiology

Full understanding of grapevine responses to variable soil resources requires
assessing the grapevine root system. Grapevine root systems are expansive and examining deep roots (i.e., >40 cm)
is particularly important in conditions where grapevines increase reliance on deep soil resources, such as drought
or plant competition. Traditional methods of assessing roots rely on morphological traits associated specific
functions (e.g., root color, diameter, length), while recent methodological advances allow for estimating root
function more directly (e.g., omics). Yet, the potential of applying refined methods remains underexplored for roots
at deep depths.

Influence of protein stabilization with aspergillopepsin I on wine aroma composition

The protein haze formation in white and rosé wines during storage, shipping and commercialization has always been an important issue for winemakers. Among the various solutions industrially proposed, the use of bentonite is certainly the most widespread. However, the harmful effects of this treatment are known either in terms of wine volume loss and wine flavour and aroma.

Non-saccharomyces yeasts in the biocontrol of grape molds in vineyards to reduce the use of pesticides

The wide diffusion of organic cultivation of vineyards and the need to reduce the use of pesticides highlights the urgent need for alternative and sustainable methods of vine protection by pathogen molds.

Sensory profiles and European Consumer Preference related to Aroma and Phenolic Composition of Wines made from Fungus Resistant Grape Varieties

New grape varieties with several resistance loci towards powdery and downy mildew allows to significantly reduce the use of fungicides