terclim by ICS banner
IVES 9 IVES Conference Series 9 Exploring the inner secrets of grapevine: a journey through plant-microbe interactions

Exploring the inner secrets of grapevine: a journey through plant-microbe interactions

Abstract

Throughout centuries of anthropocentric breeding, plants have been selectively bred to enhance their quality traits and yield, often overlooking the importance of neglected attributes, like those involved in the interactions with beneficial microorganisms. This phenomenon led to an alteration in the distribution of photosynthetic products, shifting from defence mechanisms to growth, commonly described as ‘domestication syndrome’. Addressing the losses stemming from this condition is imperative just as unravelling the concealed communication between grapevines and beneficial microorganisms. To this aim, a Synthetic Community (SynCom) has been formulated, using grapevine endophytes and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, and  applied to potted cuttings of diverse rootstock genotypes. Plant development and physiological parameters were carefully monitored throughout an entire growing season. Root samples were collected for: i) DNA extraction and metabarcoding analysis to identify the root-associated microbiota and ii) RNA extraction for transcriptomic analysis. Concurrently, leaf and root samples were collected for targeted metabolomics, focusing on compounds involved in microbial recruitment, including, among others, coumarins, strigolactones, salicylic acid, and jasmonic acid.

Employing an innovative multi-omics approach, phenotypic, physiological, biochemical, and molecular data will be integrated to improve our understanding of the complex interaction within grapevine and its associated microbiota.This could result in new breeding programs which will also consider these traits as selection criteria, thereby preserving the ability of grapevine to recruit beneficial microorganisms. Furthermore, these results will provide useful information for the development of a more effective SynCom to augment holobiont resilience and thus to promote more sustainable agricultural practices.

Download the abstract

DOI:

Publication date: June 13, 2024

Issue: Open GPB 2024

Type: Poster

Authors

Alberto Spada1,2*, Giuseppe Paradiso1, Marco Sandrini1, Chiara Biselli3, Teodora Basile1, Raffaella Balestrini4, Claudio Bonghi2, Luca Nerva1,4, Walter Chitarra1,4

1 Research Centre for Viticulture and Enology, Council for Agricultural Research and Economics (CREA-VE), Via XXVIII Aprile 26, 31015 Conegliano, (TV), Italy
2 University of Padova, Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural resources, Animals and Environment, Via dell’Università 16, 35020 Legnaro (PD), Italy
3 Research Centre for Forestry and Wood, Council for Agricultural Research and Economics (CREA-FL), Viale Santa Margherita 80, 52100, Arezzo, Italy
4 National Research Council of Italy – Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection (CNR-IPSP), Strada delle Cacce 73, 10135 Torino (TO), Italy

Contact the author*

Keywords

Rootstock, Domestication syndrome, Endophytes, Microbial recruiting, Multi-omics

Tags

IVES Conference Series | Open GPB | Open GPB 2024

Citation

Related articles…

Impact of microclimate on berry quality parameters of white Riesling (Vitis vinifera L.)

Knowledge has been accumulated on the impact of microclimate, in particular berry temperature and irradiation, for a wide range of red varieties. However, little research has been dedicated on the effects of the same factors on the quality of white grape varieties.

Read More

Options to replace or reduce the sulphite content in Tannat red wines produced with minimal intervention

Several Uruguayan wineries have begun to produce wines with minimal intervention, to increase the sustainability of their vineyards and wines. These wines are characterized by the minimum intervention in the management of the vineyard, its harvest, vinification, conservation and aging1,2. Sulfur dioxide (SO2) is not used or is used in reduced doses, although chitosan can be substituted or supplemented1. The objective of this research is to evaluate SO2 reduction or replacement options adapted to the production of Tannat red wines with minimal intervention. Vinification of the Tannat grapes with autochthonous yeasts (LN) was carried out during the 2023 vintage.

Read More

Characterization of a unique mannan from Starmerella bacillaris for protein stabilization in white wine

Yeast cell wall components are valuable biotechnological tools with applications in oenology and beyond [1], [2].

Read More

Chitosan treatment to manage grapevine downy mildew

Downy mildew is one of the most important grapevine diseases, caused by the Oomycete Plasmopara viticola. The management of the disease in organic agriculture can require up to 15 copper applications per year. However, copper accumulates in the soil, is phytotoxic and is toxic for organisms living in the soil, its use has been restricted in European Union to maximum 28 kg in 7 years. Therefore, testing of alternatives with equal effectiveness is desirable. Among those, the natural biopolymer chitosan, obtained from crab shells, proved to be effective toward downy mildew in plot experiments. The aim of our trials was to extend chitosan applications in large scale experiments in different years, cultivars and environmental conditions.

Read More

Overview on wine and health 32 years after the French paradox 

Phenolic compounds or polyphenols are the most abundant and ubiquitous secondary metabolites present in the plant kingdom with more than 8000 phenolic structures currently known. These compounds play an important role in plant growth and reproduction, providing protection against biotic and abiotic stress such as pathogen and insect attack, UV radiation and wounding. (poly)phenols are widely distributed in the human diet mainly in plant-derived food and beverages (fruits, vegetables, nuts, seeds, herbs, spices, tea and red wine).

Read More