Enhancing hydric stress tolerance by editing the VviMYB60 promoter with CRISPR/Cas9 

The fortress of the Herodium, built towards the end of the first century BCE/ante Cristo, on the orders of Herod the Great, Roman client king of Judea, attests the expansion of Roman influence in the eastern Mediterranean. During archaeological excavations of the Herodium in 2017[1], a winery was discovered on the ground floor of the palace, with an assortment of clay vessels in situ, including large dolia – clay fermentation vessels each capable of fermenting up to 300-400 L of wine. Thanks to the recent progresses in the field of paleogenomics[2], we could analyse the organic material consistent with grape pomace at the bottom of these vessels, by extracting and sequencing the DNA using shotgun metagenomics and targeted capture, aiming for enrichment of DNA from fermentation associated microbes.

Sulphur dioxide has been used for many years for its antimicrobial, antioxidant and antioxydasic properties in winemaking but nowadays, it is a source of controversy. Indeed, consumers are more attentive to the naturalness of their foods and beverages and the legislation is changing to reduce the total SO₂ levels allowed in wines. To limit and replace the doses of sulphur dioxide applied, winemakers can now use bioprotection consisting in live yeast addition as alternative,seems to be promising. This process, lightly used in from the food industry, allows to colonize the environment and limit the development or even eliminate undesirable microorganisms without altering the sensory properties of the product.

Observational historical geology seeks to establish the evolutionary history of the surface of Earth. This approach is applicable not only to bedrock, but to the soft material that lies at the surface, the stuff called soil by most people. The geologic perspective provides a view of this material that is quite different from that of soil science, at least as practiced by many in America.

There is currently a real need to improve and speed-up phenotyping in experimental set-ups to increase the number of modalities studied. Accurate information acquisition on plant status with high-throughput capacity is the main appeal of on-board systems.
A proximal sensing camera for a proxy of winter pruning weight was tested. We estimated the shoot volume of the vine by image analysis using algorithms that integrate the local shoot section area estimate along the shoot skeleton obtained by a morphological distance transform.
The study was carried out on the GreffAdapt experimental vineyard in Guyot simple training and a canopy management using vertical trellising. The planting density is 6250 vines/ha with a row spacing of 1.6×1m. Five scions grafted onto 55 rootstocks are present and the combination rootstock×scion is different every five plants.

Context and purpose of the study. Climate change is a major challenge in wine production. It results in erratic weather conditions which may lead to a reduction in grape yield and the subsequent grape and wine quality.