Development and application of CRISPR/Cas in grapevine

The aim of the study was to study the volatile substances and ellagitannins released to wine by barrels of Quercus pyrenaica (Spanish Oak) in comparison with barrels of Quercus petraea (French Oak) and Quercus alba (American Oak) as well as to determine their sensory impact.

Haze formation in wine during transportation and storage is an important issue for winemakers, since turbid wines are unacceptable for sale. Such haze often results from aggregation of unstable grape proteinaceous colloids. To date, foreseeably unstable wines need to be treated with bentonite to remove these, while excessive quantities, which are often required, affect the wine volume and quality (Cosme et al. 2020). One solution to avoid these drawbacks might be the use of peptidases. Marangon et al. (2012) reported that Aspergillopepsins I and II were able to hydrolyse the respective haze-relevant proteins in combination with a flash pasteurisation. In 2021, the OIV approved this enzymatic treatment for wine stabilisation (OIV-OENO 541A and 541B).

Clarification or fining of wines is a technique used in wineries to eliminate unwanted wine components, which negatively affect its quality. Clarification normally involves the addition of an adsorptive material that eliminates or reduces the presence of undesirable components. The problem is that many of the fining agents used in the industry contain allergens, such as caseinates or ovalbumin.

Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) are increasingly used to monitor canopy structure and vineyard performance. Compared with traditional remote sensing platforms (e.g. aircraft and satellite), UAVs offer a higher operational flexibility and can acquire ultra-high resolution images in formats such as true color red, green and blue (RGB) and multispectral. Using photogrammetry, 3D vineyard models and normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) maps can be created from UAV images and used to study the structure and health of grapevine canopies. However, there is a lack of comparison between UAV-based images and ground-based measurements, such as leaf area index (LAI) and canopy porosity.

Suite à des expérimentations de solarisation artificielle réalisées en 1999 en conditions réelles de culture, à partir de matériels réfléchissants partiellement colorés en vert, en bleu