terclim by ICS banner
IVES 9 IVES Conference Series 9 A versatile genome editing platform for grapevine: improving biotic and abiotic stress resilience 

A versatile genome editing platform for grapevine: improving biotic and abiotic stress resilience 

Abstract

New Plant Breeding Techniques (NPBTs) have arisen with the objective of surmounting the constraints inherent in conventional breeding methodologies, thereby enhancing plant resilience against both biotic and abiotic stresses. To date the application of genome editing in grapevine is still limited by the necessity to overcome recalcitrance to produce embryogenic calli and to regenerate plants. In our studies, we developed a smart and versatile genetic transformation system carrying all the most promising features of different genome editing approaches. In specific, we joined the GRF-GIF expression to improve regeneration, the systemic movement of the editing transcripts through tRNA-like sequences (TLS) and the cisgenic-like approach to remove transgenes. In parallel, we were able to assess the efficiencies of several guide RNAs (gRNAs) targeting genes with fall-out on drought stress and pathogen resilience. To the first aim, a gene belonging to glutathione S-transferase (VvGST40) and two gene belonging to pectin-methyl esterase (VvPME1 and VvPME3) have been targeted. Several edited lines were acclimatized and are currently under evaluation. In parallel, two genes belonging to the Mildew Locus-O (VvMLO6 and VvMLO7) and a non-expressor pathogenesis related gene (VvNPR3) were targeted to improve pathogen resilience. Acclimatized plants edited for MLO genes resulted almost resistant to Erysiphe necator (disease incidence reduction up to 80%), whereas NPR3-edited vines showed a significant reduction in disease severity (up to 70%). In conclusion, our approaches allowed to improve stress resilience of several economically-important genotypes such as Pinot noir, Chardonnay, Sangiovese and Glera but also widely used rootstocks (e.g., 110R and K5BB).

Download the abstract

DOI:

Publication date: June 13, 2024

Issue: Open GPB 2024

Type: Poster

Authors

Luca Nerva1*, Loredana Moffa1, Anna Narduzzo1, Ivan Bevilacqua1, Irene Perrone2, Chiara Pagliarani2, Giorgio Gambino2, Claudio Lovisolo3, Riccardo Velasco1, Walter Chitarra1

1 Research Centre for Viticulture and Enology, Council for Agricultural Research and Economics (CREA-VE), Via XXVIII Aprile 26, 31015 Conegliano (Italy)
2 Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection, National Research Council (IPSP-CNR), Strada delle Cacce 73, 10135 Torino (Italy)
3 Department of Agricultural, Forest and Food Sciences (DISAFA), University of Torino, Largo Paolo Braccini 2, 10095 Grugliasco (TO), Italy

Contact the author*

Keywords

powdery mildew, climate change, recalcitrance, cisgenic-like approach, New Plant Breeding Techniques

Tags

IVES Conference Series | Open GPB | Open GPB 2024

Citation

Related articles…

Effect of the plant sink/source balance on the chemical content of red table grapes (Vitis vinifera L.).

PPhloem transport of assimilates provides the materials needed for the growth and development of reproductive structures, storage and developing organs, and has long been recognized as a major determinant in crop yield.

Read More

Prediction of the production kinetics of the main fermentative aromas in alcoholic fermentation

Fermentative aromas (especially esters and higher alcohols) highly impact the organoleptic profile of young and white wines. The production of these volatile compounds depends mainly on temperature and Yeast Available Nitrogen (YAN) content in the must. Available dynamic models predict the main reaction
(bioconversion of sugar into ethanol and CO2 production) but none of them considers the production kinetics of fermentative aroma compounds during the process of fermentation. We determined the production kinetics of the main esters and higher alcohols for different values of initial YAN content and temperature, using an innovative online monitoring Gas Chromatography device.

Read More

Mapping aromatic profiles of Chardonnay and Sangiovese wines in grafting combination with new rootstocks

Rootstocks play a key role in the adaptation of grapevine to environmental conditions, affecting phenology, vigour, yield and grape quality.

Read More

REVEALING THE ORIGIN OF BORDEAUX WINES WITH RAW 1D-CHROMATOGRAMS

Understanding the composition of wine and how it is influenced by climate or wine-making practices is a challenging issue. Two approaches are typically used to explore this issue. The first approach uses chemical
fingerprints, which require advanced tools such as high-resolution mass spectrometry and multidimensional chromatography. The second approach is the targeted method, which relies on the widely available 1-D GC/MS, but involves integrating the areas under a few peaks which ends up using only a small fraction of the chromatogram.

Read More

Unveiling the bioactive potential of aglianco grape pomace: oleanolic acid as a promising natural product

The winemaking industry generates a substantial amount of byproducts, including grape pomace, which is often discarded as waste. However, this seemingly useless material holds a wealth of bioactive compounds with potential health benefits. Recognizing the value of circular economy principles, this study delves into the comprehensive chemical analysis of aglianco grape pomace, aiming to transform this byproduct into a valuable resource.

Read More