terclim by ICS banner
IVES 9 IVES Conference Series 9 A versatile genome editing platform for grapevine: improving biotic and abiotic stress resilience 

A versatile genome editing platform for grapevine: improving biotic and abiotic stress resilience 

Abstract

New Plant Breeding Techniques (NPBTs) have arisen with the objective of surmounting the constraints inherent in conventional breeding methodologies, thereby enhancing plant resilience against both biotic and abiotic stresses. To date the application of genome editing in grapevine is still limited by the necessity to overcome recalcitrance to produce embryogenic calli and to regenerate plants. In our studies, we developed a smart and versatile genetic transformation system carrying all the most promising features of different genome editing approaches. In specific, we joined the GRF-GIF expression to improve regeneration, the systemic movement of the editing transcripts through tRNA-like sequences (TLS) and the cisgenic-like approach to remove transgenes. In parallel, we were able to assess the efficiencies of several guide RNAs (gRNAs) targeting genes with fall-out on drought stress and pathogen resilience. To the first aim, a gene belonging to glutathione S-transferase (VvGST40) and two gene belonging to pectin-methyl esterase (VvPME1 and VvPME3) have been targeted. Several edited lines were acclimatized and are currently under evaluation. In parallel, two genes belonging to the Mildew Locus-O (VvMLO6 and VvMLO7) and a non-expressor pathogenesis related gene (VvNPR3) were targeted to improve pathogen resilience. Acclimatized plants edited for MLO genes resulted almost resistant to Erysiphe necator (disease incidence reduction up to 80%), whereas NPR3-edited vines showed a significant reduction in disease severity (up to 70%). In conclusion, our approaches allowed to improve stress resilience of several economically-important genotypes such as Pinot noir, Chardonnay, Sangiovese and Glera but also widely used rootstocks (e.g., 110R and K5BB).

Download the abstract

DOI:

Publication date: June 13, 2024

Issue: Open GPB 2024

Type: Poster

Authors

Luca Nerva1*, Loredana Moffa1, Anna Narduzzo1, Ivan Bevilacqua1, Irene Perrone2, Chiara Pagliarani2, Giorgio Gambino2, Claudio Lovisolo3, Riccardo Velasco1, Walter Chitarra1

1 Research Centre for Viticulture and Enology, Council for Agricultural Research and Economics (CREA-VE), Via XXVIII Aprile 26, 31015 Conegliano (Italy)
2 Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection, National Research Council (IPSP-CNR), Strada delle Cacce 73, 10135 Torino (Italy)
3 Department of Agricultural, Forest and Food Sciences (DISAFA), University of Torino, Largo Paolo Braccini 2, 10095 Grugliasco (TO), Italy

Contact the author*

Keywords

powdery mildew, climate change, recalcitrance, cisgenic-like approach, New Plant Breeding Techniques

Tags

IVES Conference Series | Open GPB | Open GPB 2024

Citation

Related articles…

Viticultural zoning in the province of San Juan, Argentina. Preliminary results, year 2000

La région viticole de San Juan (Argentine) est marquée par des températures très élevées et des variations diurnes faibles. La valorisation de la connaissance de cet environnement et de ses interactions avec le fonctionnement de la vigne et le lien au vin passent par l’étude de ses terroirs et de leur caractérisation. Le point de départ de ce travail est l’étude des zones mésoclimatiques aptes à la culture de la vigne de la Province de San Juan et à la caractérisation des sols de cette même région. L’objectif est de définir le potentiel vitivinicole des zones considérées.

Read More

Embracing innovation for a future-ready wine industry: insights from Moldova’s AI-powered pilot project

In 2023–2024, the Republic of Moldova launched its first AI-powered wine pilot, integrating artificial intelligence into the vitivinicultural value chain.

Read More

Evolution of oak barrels C-glucosidic ellagitannins

During oak wood contact, wine undergoes important modifications that modulate its organoleptic quality and complexity, including its aroma, structure, astringency, bitterness and color. Vescalagin and castalagin are the two main C-glucosidic ellagitannins found in oak wood used for wine aging wood but lyxose/xylose derivatives (grandinin and roburin e) and dimeric forms (roburins a,b, c and d) are also present. The presence of several hydroxyl groups in the ortho-positions at the periphery of the structure of the ellagitannin isomers allows these molecules to undergo oxidation or condensation reactions with other compounds.

Read More

Climate change and economic challenge – strategies for vinegrowers, winemakers and wine estates

For wine areas around the world, nature and climate are becoming factors of production whose endowment becomes a stake beyond the traditional economic factors: labor, capital, land. They strongly influence agricultural and environmental conditions for production.

Read More

2018 updates on the agronomic performances of fungus resistant wine grapes in Trentino (Italy)

On the market there are several wine grapes which are tolerant to the main fungal diseases. These varieties, commonly defined “resistant”, were developed in the grapevine breeding programs carried out mainly in Germany, France, Hungary and Italy. Some of these cultivars have been included in the national catalogues of wine grape varieties and have sometimes been allowed for specific kinds of wine. The VEVIR project, aimed at the enological evaluation of resistant vines, involves 33 cultivars achieved at the State Institute for Viticulture Freiburg in Germany, the Research Institute of Viticulture and Enology Pecs in Hungary and the Fondazione Edmund Mach S. Michele all’Adige (FEM) in Italy.

Read More