terclim by ICS banner
IVES 9 IVES Conference Series 9 Rootstock x environment interaction shapes shoot system phenotypic variation in grafted ‘Chambourcin’

Rootstock x environment interaction shapes shoot system phenotypic variation in grafted ‘Chambourcin’

Abstract

Recent advances in phenomics and transcriptomics have the enhanced capacity for understanding how clonally propagated perennial crops like grapevines respond to their environments seasonally and over the course of multiple years. Because most grapevines are grafted, above-ground grapevine traits reflect scion genotype and its interaction with the local environment. In addition, traits expressed by the scion reflect rootstock genotype and how that rootstock is interacting with its environment seasonally and across years. To investigate rootstock x environment interaction on shoot systems in grafted grapevines we characterized comprehensive phenotypic variation in an experimental vineyard in Mount Vernon, Missouri, USA where the grapevine cultivar ‘Chambourcin’ is growing on its own roots and is grafted to three different rootstocks (‘1103P’, ‘3309C’, ‘SO4’).  This set of four combinations is replicated 72 times in a randomized block experimental design with an irrigation treatment. Over the course of three years we quantified leaf elemental concentration, leaf transcriptome, leaf metabolome and epigenome, among others. Analyses in the ‘Chambourcin’ vineyard reveal extensive and dynamic phenotypic variation in ‘Chambourcin’ that reflects complex interactions among rootstock genotype, irrigation, season, and year. Specific effects of rootstock genotype on gene expression and elemental concentration were detected and vary with season and year. Variation in ion concentrations is also influenced by leaf position along the vine. This comprehensive, multi-year project demonstrates the importance of root system variation for shoot system morphology and suggests future exploration of rootstock genotypic diversity might offer a novel source of variation for shoot system phenotypic manipulation. 

DOI:

Publication date: June 14, 2024

Issue: Open GPB 2024

Type: Poster

Authors

Allison Miller, Mani Awale, Anne Fennell, Zach Harris, Laszlo Kovacs, Misha Kwasniewski, Jason Londo, Zoe Migicovksy, Brigette Williams

Saint Louis University and the Danforth Plant Science Center; University of Missouri; South Dakota State University; Taylor Geospatial Institute; Missouri State University; Penn State University

Keywords

grafting, phenotyping, transcriptomics, epigenomics, ionomics 

Tags

IVES Conference Series | Open GPB | Open GPB 2024

Citation

Related articles…

INVESTIGATION OF FILM COATINGS AS A PROTECTIVE LAYER IN REDUCING THE ABSORPTION OF SMOKE PHENOLS INTO PINOT NOIR GRAPES

Wine grapes exposed to wildfire smoke have resulted in wines with burnt and ashy sensory characteristics¹, that are undesirable qualities in wine. In extreme wildfire events, this can lead to total loss of grape crop. Currently there are no effective solutions in the market to prevent the uptake of smoke compounds into grapes. In this study, previously developed innovative film coatings were tested to analyze their effectiveness in reducing smoke phenol absorption². Four different cellulose nanofiber-based film types were investigated.

Carbon isotope labeling to detect source-sink relationships in grapevines upon drought stress and re-watering

Kinetics of carbon allocation in the different plant sinks (root-shoot-fruit) competing in drought stressed and rehydrated grapevines have been investigated.

Managing Grapevine Powdery Mildew with Ultraviolet-C Light in Washington State

Germicidal ultraviolet-C (UV-C) light has shown promising results for suppression of several plant-pathogenic microorganims, including Erysiphe necator, which attacks grapevine. In Washington State the majority of winegrape production is in a semi-arid steppe environment, with historically low powdery mildew disease pressure, making it a promising area to deploy UV-C as a disease management tool. Trials focusing on UVC application timing and frequency will assist in developing regionally-appropriate application recommendations for eastern Washington State.

Politics meets terroir. The story of Prosecco – Are GI’s just a protectionist racket?

The recent Free Trade Agreement negotiations between Australia and the European Union have again put the issue of Geographical Indications (GIs) in the spotlight. Australia has long demonstrated its understanding of GIs and maintains a clear and rigorous GI protection system for wine. For many years, Australia’s wine sector was a strong advocate for GIs and a strong system to protect the

Carry over effect of shoot trimming and deficit irrigation on fruit yield and berry total soluble solids

The increase in air temperature that is occurring in many important wine-growing areas around the world is resulting in the decoupling between the phenolic and the technological maturity of grapevine berries. This new ripening pattern leads to the production of light-bodied high alcoholic wines, but this is in countertendency with the increasing consumers’ demand for wines with low-to-mid alcohol concentrations. The oenological techniques proposed to reduce wine alcohol content are often very expensive and lead to detrimental effects on wine quality. Many viticultural practices have been proposed to slow down sugar accumulation the berry. One possible strategy that was previously found to be suitable for Aglianico grapevine is post-veraison shoot trimming. The aim of this work was to assess the carry over effects on the following year of shoot trimming and vine water status on yield and total soluble solids because the expected reduction in vine fertility could lead to a reduction in the effectiveness of shoot trimming.