terclim by ICS banner
IVES 9 IVES Conference Series 9 Reduced bunch compactness in a clone of Tempranillo associates with a complex reciprocal translocation detected by long-read sequencing genomics

Reduced bunch compactness in a clone of Tempranillo associates with a complex reciprocal translocation detected by long-read sequencing genomics

Abstract

Grapevine cultivars are vegetatively propagated to maintain their varietal attributes. However, spontaneous somatic variation emerges during prolonged periods of vegetative growth, providing an opportunity for the natural improvement of traditional grapevine cultivars. Notably, reduction in bunch compactness is a favorable trait in viticulture, offering advantages such as decreased susceptibility to bunch fungal diseases, and a more uniform ripening of berries. To unravel the genetic and developmental mechanisms behind bunch compactness variation, we examined a somatic variant of Tempranillo Tinto cultivar with loose bunches. We found that the mutant clone exhibits a ~50% reduction in pollen viability compared to typical Tempranillo clones. By aligning Illumina and Nanopore whole-genome sequencing reads to a diploid genome assembly of Tempranillo, we identified genome structural variations (SV) specific of this clone: translocation events involving chromosomes 1-3, 7-11, and 8-17. The presence of the SV breakpoints was validated using PCR and Sanger sequencing. The analysis of self-cross progeny of the mutant clone showed that low pollen viability and reduced number of seeds per berry co-segregate with the SV event between specific haplotypes of chromosomes 1 and 3, suggesting a causal effect for this rearrangement. Inspection of Nanopore read alignments identified that the SV 1-3 event corresponds to a complex reciprocal translocation with duplications at the breakpoints of the two involved chromosomes. Considering that heterozygous reciprocal translocations associate with partially incompatible chromosome pairing during meiosis, we propose that this type of SV decreases fruit set rate by lowering gamete viability, ultimately reducing bunch compactness.

Download the abstract

DOI:

Publication date: June 14, 2024

Issue: Open GPB 2024

Type: Article

Authors

Pablo Carbonell-Bejerano1*, Noelia Alañón1, Yolanda Ferradás1,2, Nuria Mauri1,3, José Miguel Martínez-Zapater1, Javier Ibáñez1*

1 Instituto de Ciencias de la Vid y del Vino (ICVV, CSIC-CAR-UR), Departamento de Viticultura, Logroño, Spain
2 Departamento de Biología Funcional, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
3 Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB), Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain

Contact the author*


Keywords

bunch compactness, clonal variation, genome structural variation, pollen viability, reciprocal translocation

Tags

IVES Conference Series | Open GPB | Open GPB 2024

Citation

Related articles…

High-throughput screening of physical-mechanical berry skin traits facilitates targeted selection of breeding material with resistance to Botrytis bunch rot and grape sunburn

The ongoing climate change implies an increasing mean air temperature, which is signified by weather extremes or sudden changes between drought and local heavy rainfalls. These changing conditions are especially challenging for the established grapevine varieties growing under cool climate conditions due to an increased risk for fungal diseases like downy mildew (DM) and Botrytis bunch rot (BBR) as well as for grape sunburn. To meet that demand, the scope of most grapevine breeding programs is the selection of mildew fungus-resistant and climatic adapted grapevines with balanced, healthy yield and outstanding wine quality.

Read More

Direct-injection HPLC for simultaneous determination of individual and total polyphenols in red wines: validation of the method

Polyphenols are very important compounds of red wines, serving as essential bioactive components and playing an important role in sensory properties. The determination of individual phenolic compounds in red wine is commonly performed by HPLC analysis, while the total polyphenols are quantified by spectrophotometric methods, usually by the method of absorbance at 280 nm (index of ribéreau-gayon) or the method of index of folin-ciocalteu. In this work, we pioneeringly proposed a new and fast method for simultaneous determination of individual and total polyphenols in red wines by direct-injection HPLC without sample preparation.

Read More

ANTI-TRANSPIRANT MODULATION OF GRAPE RIPENING: EFFECTS ON MERLOT VINE DEVELOPMENT AND ROSÉ WINE PHENOLIC AND AROMATIC PROFILES

Climate changes are impacting viticultural regions throughout the world with temperature increases being most prevalent.1 These changes will not only impact the regions capable of growing grapes, but also
the grapes that can be grown.2 As temperatures rise the growing degree days increase and with it the sugar accumulation within the berries and subsequent alcohol levels in wine. Consequently, viticultural
practices need to be examined to decrease the levels of sugars.

Read More

Clone performance under different environmental conditions in California

Clonal evaluation of winegrapes in California has not been extensive. Early selection work by Alley (1977), Olmo (unpublished data) and Goheen (personal communication) resulted in the current collection

Read More

Streamlining rootstock selection: new indices for efficiency and stability in viticulture

Grapevine rootstocks play a pivotal role in influencing scion vigor, yield, and fruit quality, making their selection critical for sustainable vineyard management.

Read More