OENO IVAS 2019 banner
IVES 9 IVES Conference Series 9 OENO IVAS 9 OENO IVAS 2019 9 Analytical tools using electromagnetic spectroscopy techniques (IR, fluorescence, Raman) 9 Discrimination of white wines by Raman spectroscopy coupled with chemometric methods

Discrimination of white wines by Raman spectroscopy coupled with chemometric methods

Abstract

France is the largest exporter of wine in the world. The export turnover is estimated at 8.7 billion euros in 2017 for 13 million hectoliters sold. This lucrative business pushes scammers to increase the value of some low-end wines by cheating on their appellations, quality or even their origins. These facts lead to losing 1.3 billion euros each year to the European Union’s wine and spirits companies. 

The control of wine quality is performed by analytical methods such as infrared, NMR or HPLC. Nevertheless, the presence of water and ethanol interferes with the determination of the other wine molecules. In addition, the complexity of the wine matrix and the chemical similarity between its main compounds complicate the extraction of information obtained by these analytical methods. Consequently, the need to develop more sensitive, fast and automated procedures remains a real need for investors and stakeholders in this area. Our study aims to evaluate the ability of Raman spectroscopy to discriminate wines depending on their origin and grape variety based on their spectral fingerprints. Wines from 8 grapes varieties have been studied: Chardonnay (Bourgogne), Riesling (Alsace), Gewurztraminer (Romania), Muscadet (Val de Loire), Sauvignon blanc (Bordeaux), Muscat (Pays d’Oc) and a blend with Semillon (Bergerac). The results showed that white wine has a rich spectral signature (excitation at 532 nm) which reflected its molecular composition. The application of statistical tests (Kruskal-Wallis) made it possible to classify 6 different groups thus confirming that the spectra of the analyzed wines are different. Principal component analysis and discriminant analysis showed a perfect discrimination between the different wines. The validation of the database with another wine that is not part of the model (Sauvignon blanc, Val de Loire) showed a very good discrimination between the different wines. Nevertheless, confusion was observed between the two Sauvignon because the model could not differentiate them despite their different origins. 

Raman spectroscopy allows the rapid identification of the grape variety. Nevertheless, a large number of samples must be analyzed in order to evaluate the industrial viability of this technique (variability between years, batches) and validate the approach on a large panel of wine belonging to grape varieties and different geographical areas.

DOI:

Publication date: June 23, 2020

Issue: OENO IVAS 2019

Type: Article

Authors

Chantal Maury, Ali Assaf, Gérald Thouand 

University of Nantes, UMR CNRS 6144 GEPEA, CBAC, 18 Bd Gaston Defferre, 85035-La Roche sur Yon, France 

Contact the author

 

Keywords

white wines, authenticity, Raman spectroscopy, chemometrics

Tags

IVES Conference Series | OENO IVAS 2019

Citation

Related articles…

Brown Marmorated Stink Bug taint in grape must and wine: time evolution of trans-2-decenal

The brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB, Halyomorpha halys Stal) is an invasive pentatomid native to eastern Asia that is spreading rapidly worldwide, notably through human-mediated activities. Globally, it was reported in the USA, Canada, Italy, Hungary, and other European countries. BMSB has a broad host range that includes over 170 plants, many of agricultural importance, including various fruit, vegetables, row crops, and ornamentals. When present in the vineyard, the pest can affect yield and quality by directly feeding on berries resulting in fruit collapse and necrosis. Additional damage occurs when BMSB are carried into the winery within the grape clusters. The presence of BMSB during wine processing can affect juice and wine quality through the release of volatile compounds produced as a stress response. The major secretes compounds are tridecane and trans-2-decenal. Tridecane is an odorless compound and its effect on wine quality is currently unknown. Trans-2-decenal is an unsaturated aldehyde considered to be the main component of BMSB taint with strong green, coriander, and musty-like aromas. Its threshold value in wine was estimated at about 5 µg/L.
Read More

Effect of irrigation and soil type on root growth and distribution of Vitis vinifera L. cv. Nero d’Avola grown in Sicily

L’essai a été effectué dans un vignoble du cépage Nero d’Avola greffé sur 1103 Paulsen dans un terroir de la D.O.C Alcamo en Sicile. Le système de conduite des vignes était à espalier, la taille à cordon coursonné et l’irrigation à goutte a goutte. On a été confrontés trois types de traitements: A) vignes non irriguées; B) vignes irriguées quand le

Read More

Multivariate strategies for red wines classification using stilbenes and flavonols content

Bioactive polyphenols from grapes and wines, like stilbenes and flavonols (SaF), are often determined to nutritional evaluation, but also for many other purposes. The objective of this study was to quantify SaF in red wines from “Campanha Gaúcha”, a large and young viticultural region from South Brazil. Moreover, through statistical analysis, evaluate the influence of these compounds according to varieties, production process, harvest years and micro-regions of cultivation. A total of 58 samples of red wines were analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to diode array detector (HPLC-DAD) for determination of trans-resveratrol (R), quercetin (Q), myricetin (M), kaempferol (K), trans-e-viniferin (V) and their precursor, cinnamic acid (C).

Read More

Morphological image analysis for determining bunch grape characteristics: A case study on bunch weight in Cabernet-Sauvignon

Morphological image analysis is a powerful technique used in various fields, including agriculture, to quantitatively assess the physical characteristics of objects. In viticulture, the accurate assessment of grapevine characteristics is essential for optimizing crop management and improving the quality of wine production.

Read More

Aroma characterization of mold resistant base wines for sparkling wine produced in a warm-temperate area at two different altitudes

In a recent context where consumers pay an increasing attention to sustainability and eco-friendly aspects in the decision-making process, the use of the resistant varieties in the wine sector have returned to the attention. In this context, the use of mould-resistant grape varieties would be an opportunity for sparkling wine producers as it can reduced the pesticide utilization in grape management and hence production costs.
However, the use of the resistant varieties to produce the base wine may be strongly influenced due to its requirements for a particular balance between sugars and acidity to ensure the quality of the final product. In addition, the aromatic profile of base wine plays a crucial role in the perception of the quality of the sparkling wine.

Read More