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IVES 9 IVES Conference Series 9 OIV 9 OIV 2024 9 Orals - Safety and health 9 Training rats to drink red wine: effects of different drinking approaches on drinking/feeding habits, weight gain and survival from myocardial infarction

Training rats to drink red wine: effects of different drinking approaches on drinking/feeding habits, weight gain and survival from myocardial infarction

Abstract

The habit of regular, moderate wine consumption, particularly with meals, is associated with protective effects from coronary heart disease. Epidemiological studies looking at myocardial protection/recovery focus mainly on the effects of red wine due to its high content in antioxidants, especially polyphenols. In several previous studies, conducted in our laboratory, we have concentrated on the effects of moderate consumption of white wine, by experimental animals (rats), gaining a significant experience in technical and procedural challenges. The scientific literature, and our past experience, suggests that rats are resilient towards consumption of full bodied, barrique red wines. Hence, we wanted to explore the outcomes of different non-invasive ‘adjustment’ approaches and compare them with the rats that consumed water only, and a group that was exposed to the consummation of red wine without adjustment.  28 male sprague-dawley rats were randomly divided into 5 groups. In addition to the ‘non-adjusted’ and control groups, there were 3 groups that with exposure to diluted wine: 50% wine group, 33% wine group and 25% wine group. After 48 hours of adjustment, the 50% group was exposed to undiluted wine and the other two groups were shifted to the higher increment of wine dilution. Maximally six days after the commencement of the experiment, all groups (except the control group) were drinking undiluted wine. While wine was offered for 24 hours per day, water was offered to wine drinking animals 6 hours per day. All beverages were refreshed daily with consumed volumes precisely recorded. The amount of consumed food and the weight of each animal was measured once a week and at the end of the experiment. After 28 days, surgical ligation of the anterior descending coronary artery was performed. Animals were left to survive for 4 days postoperatively, and then sacrificed, with their hearts harvested. The survival rate was significantly higher in the wine drinking group when compared to the water drinking control group: 95% vs. 75% survival. The weight gain was significantly higher in the water drinking controls when compared to all wine drinking groups. As far as the patterns of drinking in the different adjustment scenarios, we looked for differences in volumes of consumed wine, water and food. The ‘pattern’ of drinking/feeding within each group was established and correlated with a final weight gain, survival of the infarction and the size of the infarcted myocardium.

Addestrare ratti a bere vino rosso: effetti di diversi approcci al bere sulle abitudini di bere/alimentazione, aumento di peso e sopravvivenza all’infarto del miocardio

L’abitudine al consumo regolare e moderato di vino, soprattutto durante i pasti, è associata ad effetti protettivi dalla malattia coronarica. Gli studi epidemiologici sulla protezione/recupero del miocardio si concentrano principalmente sugli effetti del vino rosso a causa del suo alto contenuto di antiossidanti, in particolare di polifenoli. In diversi studi precedenti, condotti nel nostro laboratorio, ci siamo concentrati sugli effetti del consumo moderato di vino bianco, da parte di animali da esperimento (ratti), acquisendo una significativa esperienza nelle sfide tecniche e procedurali. La letteratura scientifica e la nostra esperienza suggeriscono che i ratti sono resistenti al consumo di vini rossi corposi, barricati. Pertanto, abbiamo voluto esplorare i risultati di diversi approcci di “aggiustamento” non invasivi e confrontarli con i ratti che hanno consumato solo acqua e con un gruppo che è stato esposto al consumo di vino rosso senza aggiustamento. 28 ratti maschi sprague-dawley sono stati divisi in modo casuale in 5 gruppi. Oltre ai gruppi “non aggiustati” e di controllo, c’erano 3 gruppi esposti al vino diluito: gruppo vino al 50%, gruppo vino al 33% e gruppo vino al 25%. Dopo 48 ore di aggiustamento, il gruppo al 50% è stato esposto al vino non diluito e gli altri due gruppi sono stati spostati all’incremento più elevato di diluizione del vino. Al massimo sei giorni dopo l’inizio dell’esperimento, tutti i gruppi (tranne il gruppo di controllo) bevevano vino non diluito. Mentre il vino veniva offerto per 24 ore al giorno, l’acqua veniva offerta agli animali che bevevano vino 6 ore al giorno. Tutte le bevande venivano rinfrescate quotidianamente con i volumi consumati registrati con precisione. La quantità di cibo consumato e il peso di ciascun animale sono stati misurati una volta alla settimana e alla fine dell’esperimento. Dopo 28 giorni è stata eseguita la legatura chirurgica dell’arteria coronaria discendente anteriore. Gli animali sono stati lasciati sopravvivere per 4 giorni dopo l’intervento e poi sacrificati, con i loro cuori raccolti. Il tasso di sopravvivenza è stato significativamente più alto nel gruppo che beveva vino rispetto al gruppo di controllo che beveva acqua: sopravvivenza del 95% contro il 75%. L’aumento di peso è stato significativamente più alto nei controlli che bevevano acqua rispetto a tutti i gruppi che bevevano vino. Per quanto riguarda i modelli di consumo nei diversi scenari di aggiustamento, abbiamo cercato differenze nei volumi di vino, acqua e cibo consumati. Il “modello” di bere/alimentazione all’interno di ciascun gruppo è stato stabilito e correlato con l’aumento di peso finale, la sopravvivenza all’infarto e le dimensioni del miocardio infartuato.

Training von ratten zum trinken von rotwein: auswirkungen verschiedener trinkansätze auf trink-/ernährungsgewohnheiten, gewichtszunahme und überleben nach myokardinfarkt

Der regelmäßige, moderate weinkonsum, insbesondere zu den mahlzeiten, wird mit einer schützenden wirkung vor koronarer herzkrankheit in verbindung gebracht. Epidemiologische studien, die sich mit dem schutz/der erholung des myokards befassen, konzentrieren sich aufgrund seines hohen gehalts an antioxidantien, insbesondere polyphenolen, hauptsächlich auf die wirkung von rotwein. In mehreren früheren studien, die in unserem labor durchgeführt wurden, haben wir uns auf die auswirkungen eines mäßigen weißweinkonsums durch versuchstiere (ratten) konzentriert und dabei umfangreiche erfahrungen mit technischen und verfahrenstechnischen herausforderungen gesammelt. Die wissenschaftliche literatur und unsere bisherigen erfahrungen deuten darauf hin, dass ratten gegenüber dem verzehr vollmundiger rotweine im barrique resistent sind. Daher wollten wir die ergebnisse verschiedener nicht-invasiver „anpassung“-ansätze untersuchen und sie mit den ratten vergleichen, die nur wasser konsumierten, und einer gruppe, die dem konsum von rotwein ohne anpassung ausgesetzt war. 28 männliche sprague-dawley-ratten wurden zufällig in 5 gruppen eingeteilt. Zusätzlich zu den „nicht angepassten“ und kontrollgruppen gab es drei gruppen, die verdünntem wein ausgesetzt waren: 50 % weingruppe, 33 % weingruppe und 25 % weingruppe. Nach einer 48-stündigen anpassung wurde die 50 %-gruppe unverdünntem wein ausgesetzt und die anderen beiden gruppen wurden auf die höhere stufe der weinverdünnung umgestellt. Maximal sechs tage nach versuchsbeginn tranken alle gruppen (außer der kontrollgruppe) unverdünnten wein. Während 24 stunden am tag wein angeboten wurde, wurde wein trinkenden tieren 6 stunden am tag wasser angeboten. Alle getränke wurden täglich aufgefrischt und die verbrauchten mengen genau erfasst. Die aufgenommene futtermenge und das gewicht jedes tieres wurden einmal pro woche und am ende des experiments gemessen. Nach 28 tagen wurde eine chirurgische unterbindung der vorderen absteigenden koronararterie durchgeführt. Die tiere wurden postoperativ vier tage lang überleben gelassen und dann geopfert, wobei ihre herzen entnommen wurden. Die überlebensrate war in der weintrinkergruppe im vergleich zur wassertrinker-kontrollgruppe deutlich höher: 95 % gegenüber 75 % überlebensrate. Die gewichtszunahme war bei den wassertrink-kontrollen im vergleich zu allen weintrinkgruppen signifikant höher. Was die trinkgewohnheiten in den verschiedenen anpassungsszenarien anbelangt, haben wir nach unterschieden in der menge des konsumierten weins, wassers und essens gesucht. Das „muster“ des trinkens/fütterns innerhalb jeder gruppe wurde ermittelt und mit der endgültigen gewichtszunahme, dem überleben des infarkts und der größe des invertierten myokards korreliert.

Publication date: November 18, 2024

Issue: OIV 2024

Type: Article

Authors

Ivica Grković¹, Mia Tranfić Duplančić¹, Marko Grahovac², Marin Mornar², Zvonimir Boban³, Ana Marijanović Ukić², Mladen Boban²

¹ Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, University of Split School of Medicine, Šoltanska 2a, 21 000 Split, Croatia
² Department of Basic and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Split School of Medicine, Šoltanska 2a, 21 000 Split, Croatia
³ Department of Physics and Biophysics, University of Split School of Medicine, Šoltanska 2a, 21 000 Split, Croatia

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IVES Conference Series | OIV | OIV 2024

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