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IVES 9 IVES Conference Series 9 OIV 9 OIV 2024 9 Short communications - Viticulture, table grapes, dried grapes and unfermented grape products 9 Evaluation of intravarietal variability and selection for tolerance to downy mildew: the case of Antão Vaz variety in Portugal 

Evaluation of intravarietal variability and selection for tolerance to downy mildew: the case of Antão Vaz variety in Portugal 

Abstract

Antão Vaz is a Portuguese white grapevine variety grown mainly in the wine-growing regions of southern portugal, particularly in the alentejo, lisbon and setúbal peninsula regions. It is a very vigorous and productive variety, giving the wines a strong identity. It needs heat and sunlight and prefers deep and dry soils, which makes it tolerant to scald caused by the high summer temperatures of southern portugal. However, this variety is very susceptible to downy mildew, caused by plasmopara viticola, a very destructive disease in years with rainy springs. Under such favorable conditions, and to prevent downy mildew from reaching epidemic proportions, disease management still largely relies on the intensive use of synthetic and/or copper-based fungicides, leading to environmental, human health and economic impacts. From previous results obtained in field selection trials, it is known that the antão vaz variety has a high level of intravarietal variability for yield and must quality traits. Therefore, evaluation for downy mildew and selection for greater tolerance to this disease is a very important objective for this variety, aiming to reduce the use of fungicides. A field trial containing a representative sample of the intravarietal variability of antão vaz (110 clones), established according to a resolvable row-column design with 6 resolvable replicates (with 11 rows nested within a resolvable replicate and 10 columns nested within a resolvable replicate) and 3 plants per experimental unit was evaluated for symptoms of downy mildew over 2 years. The field was naturally infected and no treatments for this disease were applied during the study and a scale to assess downy mildew incidence was used. Fitting a generalised mixed model to the downy mildew incidence data, significant intravarietal variability (p<0.05) was detected among the 110 clones evaluated, showing that it is possible to carry out selection for higher tolerance to downy mildew. This work confirms the importance of genetic resources, especially those within the variety, in reducing the use of pesticides and contributing to a more sustainable viticulture. The methodology presented (type of experimental design, model for data analysis, and type of selection performed) proved to be a powerful tool to deal with downy mildew disease. 

Acknowledgments: this research was supported through funding of the project “salvar a diversidade intravarietal de variedades de videira autóctones (prr-c005-i03-|-000016)”.

Évaluation de la variabilité intravariétale et sélection pour la tolérance au mildiou: le cas de la variété Antão Vaz au Portugal

L’Antão Vaz est un cépage blanc cultivé principalement dans les régions viticoles du sud du portugal, notamment dans les régions de l’alentejo, de lisbonne et de la péninsule de setúbal. C’est un cépage très vigoureux et productif, qui confère aux vins une forte identité. Il a besoin de chaleur et de soleil et préfère les sols profonds et secs, ce qui le rend tolérant à l’échaudage provoqué par les températures estivales élevées du sud du portugal. Cependant, cette variété est très sensible au mildiou, causé par plasmopara viticola, une maladie très destructrice les années où le printemps est pluvieux. Dans des conditions favorables, et pour éviter que le mildiou n’atteigne des proportions épidémiques, la gestion de la maladie repose encore largement sur l’utilisation intensive de fongicides synthétiques et/ou à base de cuivre, ce qui a des répercussions sur l’environnement, la santé humaine et l’économie. D’après les résultats antérieurs obtenus lors d’essais de sélection en plein champ, on sait que la variété antão vaz présente un niveau élevé de variabilité intravariétale pour les caractéristiques de rendement et de qualité du moût. Par conséquent, l’évaluation du mildiou et la sélection pour une plus grande tolérance à cette maladie est un objectif très important pour cette variété, visant à réduire l’utilisation de fongicides. Un essai au champ contenant un échantillon représentatif de la variabilité intravariétale d’antão vaz (110 clones), établi selon un plan ligne-colonne résolvable avec 6 répétitions résolvables (avec 11 lignes imbriquées dans une répétition résolvable et 10 colonnes imbriquées dans une répétition résolvable) et 3 plantes par unité expérimentale a été évalué pour les symptômes du mildiou sur une période de 2 ans. Le champ était naturellement infecté et aucun traitement contre cette maladie n’a été appliqué pendant l’étude. Une échelle a été utilisée pour évaluer l’incidence du mildiou. En ajustant un modèle mixte généralisé aux données d’incidence du mildiou, une variabilité intravariétale significative (p<0,05) a été détectée parmi les 110 clones évalués, ce qui montre qu’il est possible d’effectuer une sélection pour une plus grand tolérance au mildiou. Ce travail confirme l’importance des ressources génétiques, en particulier celles de la variété, pour réduire l’utilisation de pesticides et contribuer à une viticulture plus durable. La méthodologie présentée (type de plan expérimental, modèle d’analyse des données et type de sélection effectuée) s’est avérée être un outil puissant pour faire face à la maladie du mildiou.

Remerciements: cette recherche a été soutenue par le financement du projet ” salvar a diversidade intravarietal de variedades de videira autóctones (prr-c005-i03-|-000016)”.

Evaluación de la variabilidad intravarietal y selección para la tolerancia al mildiú velloso: el caso de la variedad antão vaz en Portugal

Antão Vaz es una variedad de vid blanca portuguesa cultivada principalmente en las regiones vitícolas del sur de portugal, sobre todo en las regiones del alentejo, lisboa y península de setúbal. Es una variedad muy vigorosa y productiva, que confiere a los vinos una fuerte identidad. Necesita calor y luz solar y prefiere suelos profundos y secos, lo que la hace tolerante a la escaldadura causada por las altas temperaturas estivales del sur de portugal. Sin embargo, esta variedad es muy susceptible al mildiu velloso, causado por plasmopara viticola, una enfermedad muy destructiva en años con primaveras lluviosas. En condiciones tan favorables, y para evitar que el mildiu alcance proporciones epidémicas, la gestión de la enfermedad sigue dependiendo en gran medida del uso intensivo de fungicidas sintéticos y/o a base de cobre, lo que conlleva impactos medioambientales, para la salud humana y económicos. A partir de resultados anteriores obtenidos en ensayos de selección de campo, se sabe que la variedad antão vaz tiene un alto nivel de variabilidad intravarietal para el rendimiento y la calidad del mosto. Por lo tanto, la evaluación del mildiu y la selección para una mayor tolerancia a esta enfermedad es un objetivo muy importante para esta variedad, con el fin de reducir el uso de fungicidas. Se evaluó la presencia de síntomas de mildiu en un ensayo de campo que contenía una muestra representativa de la variabilidad intravarietal de antão vaz (110 clones), establecida según un diseño de filas y columnas resolubles con 6 repeticiones resolubles (con 11 filas anidadas dentro de una repetición resoluble y 10 columnas anidadas dentro de una repetición resoluble) y 3 plantas por unidad experimental durante 2 años. El campo fue infectado de forma natural y no se aplicaron tratamientos para esta enfermedad durante el estudio, y se utilizó una escala para evaluar la incidencia del mildiú. Ajustando un modelo mixto generalizado a los datos de incidencia de mildiu, se detectó una variabilidad intravarietal significativa (p<0,05) entre los 110 clones evaluados, lo que demuestra que es posible llevar a cabo una selección para una mayor tolerancia al mildiu. Este trabajo confirma la importancia de los recursos genéticos, especialmente los intravarietales, para reducir el uso de pesticidas y contribuir a una viticultura más sostenible. La metodología presentada (tipo de diseño experimental, modelo de análisis de los datos y tipo de selección realizada) demostró ser una poderosa herramienta para hacer frente a la enfermedad del mildiu.

Agradecimientos: esta investigación ha contado con la financiación del proyecto ” salvar a diversidade intravarietal de variedades de videira autóctones (prr-c005-i03-|-000016)”.

Publication date: November 18, 2024

Issue: OIV 2024

Type: Article

Authors

Maria do Amparo Godinho¹, Maria Goreti Trindade¹, Teresa Pinto², Helena Oliveira³, Antero Martins³, Elsa Gonçalves³

¹ Associação dos Viticultores do Concelho de Palmela (AVIPE), Palmela, Portugal
² Associação Portuguesa para a Diversidade da Videira – PORVID, Tapada da Ajuda, Lisboa, Portugal
³ LEAF – Linking Landscape, Environment, Agriculture, and Food—Research Center, Associated Laboratory TERRA, Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, Tapada da Ajuda, Lisboa, Portugal

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Tags

IVES Conference Series | OIV | OIV 2024

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