terclim by ICS banner
IVES 9 IVES Conference Series 9 OIV 9 OIV 2024 9 Short communications - Oenology, methods of analysis 9 Effect of stilbenes on malolactic fermentation performance of onoccocus oeni and lactiplantibacillus plantarum strains in wine production

Effect of stilbenes on malolactic fermentation performance of onoccocus oeni and lactiplantibacillus plantarum strains in wine production

Abstract

Malolactic fermentation (MLF) is an important step in winemaking to improve wine quality through deacidification, increased microbial stability, and altered wine flavor. The phenolic composition of wine influences the growth and metabolism of lactic acid bacteria (lab) used for MLF. Due to the increasing emergence of fungus-resistant grape varieties, the present study aimed to analyze the influence of stilbenes on MLF, since stilbenes play an important role as phytoalexins in plants to counteract fungal pathogens. It was shown that the grapevine shoot extract vineatrol® and the stilbenes ε-viniferine, ampelopsin a, r2-viniferine, r-viniferine, as well as mixtures of the 5 stilbenes, slowed down malic acid degradation. This can only partly be attributed to a reduced number of viable cells, but the direct effect of stilbenes on the malolactic enzyme was also taken into account. This was deduced from a stabilized viability of lab, while at the same time malic acid degradation was reduced. These results indicate a higher risk of inhibited or incomplete MLF in wines produced from stilbene-rich grapes, such as fungus-resistant varieties.

Effet des stilbènes sur la performance de la fermentation malolactique des souches de onoccocus oeni et lactiplantibacillus plantarum en vinification

La fermentation malolactique (FML) est une étape importante dans la vinification qui permet d’améliorer la qualité du vin grâce à la désacidification, à l’augmentation de la stabilité microbienne et à la modification de l’arôme du vin. La composition phénolique du vin influence la croissance et le métabolisme des bactéries lactiques (lab) utilisées pour la FML. En raison de l’émergence croissante de variétés de raisin résistantes aux champignons, la présente étude visait à analyser l’influence des stilbènes sur la fml, étant donné que les stilbènes jouent un rôle important en tant que phytoalexines dans les plantes pour se protéger contre les pathogènes fongiques. Il a été démontré que l’extrait de sarments de vigne vineatrol® et les stilbènes ε-viniférine, ampélopsine a, r2-viniférine, r-viniférine, ainsi que des mélanges des 5 stilbènes, ralentissaient la dégradation de l’acide malique. Ceci ne peut être attribué qu’en partie à un nombre réduit de cellules viables, mais l’effet direct des stilbènes sur l’enzyme malolactique a également été pris en compte. Ceci a été déduit d’une viabilité stabilisée des lab, alors que dans le même temps la dégradation de l’acide malique a été réduite. Ces résultats indiquent un risque plus élevé d‘une fml inhibée ou incomplète dans les vins produits à partir de raisins riches en stilbènes, tels que les variétés résistantes aux champignons.

Auswirkung von stilbenen auf die gärleistung beim äpfelsäureabbau von onoccocus oeni- und lactiplantibacillus plantarum-stämmen bei der weinherstellung

Die malolaktische gärung (MLF) ist ein wichtiger schritt bei der weinherstellung zur verbesserung der weinqualität durch entsäuerung, erhöhte mikrobielle stabilität und modifikation des sensorischen profils. Die phenolische zusammensetzung des weines beeinflusst das wachstum und den stoffwechsel der für die malolaktische gärung verwendeten milchsäurebakterien (lab). Aufgrund der steigenden pflanzungen pilzresistenter rebsorten wurde in der vorliegenden studie der einfluss von stilbenen auf die MLF untersucht, da stilbene als phytoalexine in pflanzen eine wichtige rolle zum schutz gegen pilzpathogene spielen. Es konnte gezeigt werden, dass der rebensprossenextrakt vineatrol® und die stilbene ε-viniferin, ampelopsin a, r2-viniferin, r-viniferin sowie mischungen der 5 stilbene den äpfelsäureabbau verlangsamen. Dies kann zum teil auf eine verringerte anzahl lebensfähiger zellen zurückgeführt werden. Zudem konnte die direkte wirkung der stilbene auf das malolaktische enzym abgeleitet werden. Auch bei stabiler viabilität der milchsäurebakterien wurde der apfelsäureabbau durch stilbene reduziert. Diese ergebnisse deuten auf ein höheres risiko einer gehemmten oder unvollständigen mlf in weinen hin, die aus stilbenreichen trauben, wie z. B. Pilzresistenten sorten, hergestellt wurden.

Publication date: November 18, 2024

Issue: OIV 2024

Type: Article

Authors

Pascal Wegmann-Herr¹, Sabrina Zimdars², Rita Caspers-Weiffenbach², Fabian Weber²

¹ Institute for Viticulture and Oenology, DLR Rheinpfalz, Breitenweg 71, Neustadt, Germany
² Institute of Nutritional and Food Sciences, Molecular Food Technology, University of Bonn, Endenicher Allee 19b, Bonn, Germany

Contact the author*

Tags

IVES Conference Series | OIV | OIV 2024

Citation

Related articles…

Validation of a method for the determination of volatile compounds in in spirituous beverages using contained ethanol as a reference substance

The results of experimental studies of the method based on the usage of ethyl alcohol as an internal standard for the direct determination of volatile compounds in wines and others alcohol contained products are presented. The method was validated in terms of precision, accuracy, limits of detection and quantification (lod and loq), linearity, and robustness.

Trends and challenges in International Wine Trade. The need for new strategies for companies and regions.

Trends already extended for more than 12 years show a decline in both consumption and international trade, particularly in volume. However, there are also positive signs in several categories of wine, segments and markets, as well as a better trend in terms of value. How are these trends affecting wine producers and distributors? Are they short or long term? do they mean radical and permanent changes to which a way of adaptation has to be found or are they just temporary changes that may only require some calm? How are companies adapting to these new trends? Which are their effects on wine regions?

Influence of precipitation on the phenolic and isotopic composition of Vitis Vinifera red wines

This study investigates how precipitation from November to February during each harvest year, influence the phenolic and isotopic profiles of red wines, particularly focusing on trans-resveratrol, total phenolic compounds, and carbon and oxygen isotopes (¹³C/¹²C and ¹⁸O/¹⁶O).

Market entry strategies in the U.S. alcohol distribution: The case of French wine exporters

This study examines the different strategies adopted by wine exporters located in France for penetrating international alcohol distribution networks in the U.S. market (and to a lesser extent the Canadian market). Grounded in the Business-to-Business (B2B) marketing literature (Ellegaard and Medlin, 2018), this study adopts a framework integrating a ‘Stakeholder’ approach for understanding the logics behind exporters’ strategies to penetrate the alcohol distribution networks (wholesalers, importers, alcohol monopolies).

Application de l’Analyse du Cycle de Vie (ACV) à un domaine viticole

Since 1980, Château de l’Éclair has belonged to SICAREX Beaujolais and has been involved in experimentation for the Beaujolais vineyards. However, it is a commercial estate with profitability and quality constraints, which means that it has to meet the growing environmental expectations of consumers. Given the number of practices claimed to be environment-friendly, it is sometimes difficult to prioritize actions.