terclim by ICS banner
IVES 9 IVES Conference Series 9 OIV 9 OIV 2024 9 Short communications - Oenology, methods of analysis 9 Effect of stilbenes on malolactic fermentation performance of onoccocus oeni and lactiplantibacillus plantarum strains in wine production

Effect of stilbenes on malolactic fermentation performance of onoccocus oeni and lactiplantibacillus plantarum strains in wine production

Abstract

Malolactic fermentation (MLF) is an important step in winemaking to improve wine quality through deacidification, increased microbial stability, and altered wine flavor. The phenolic composition of wine influences the growth and metabolism of lactic acid bacteria (lab) used for MLF. Due to the increasing emergence of fungus-resistant grape varieties, the present study aimed to analyze the influence of stilbenes on MLF, since stilbenes play an important role as phytoalexins in plants to counteract fungal pathogens. It was shown that the grapevine shoot extract vineatrol® and the stilbenes ε-viniferine, ampelopsin a, r2-viniferine, r-viniferine, as well as mixtures of the 5 stilbenes, slowed down malic acid degradation. This can only partly be attributed to a reduced number of viable cells, but the direct effect of stilbenes on the malolactic enzyme was also taken into account. This was deduced from a stabilized viability of lab, while at the same time malic acid degradation was reduced. These results indicate a higher risk of inhibited or incomplete MLF in wines produced from stilbene-rich grapes, such as fungus-resistant varieties.

Effet des stilbènes sur la performance de la fermentation malolactique des souches de onoccocus oeni et lactiplantibacillus plantarum en vinification

La fermentation malolactique (FML) est une étape importante dans la vinification qui permet d’améliorer la qualité du vin grâce à la désacidification, à l’augmentation de la stabilité microbienne et à la modification de l’arôme du vin. La composition phénolique du vin influence la croissance et le métabolisme des bactéries lactiques (lab) utilisées pour la FML. En raison de l’émergence croissante de variétés de raisin résistantes aux champignons, la présente étude visait à analyser l’influence des stilbènes sur la fml, étant donné que les stilbènes jouent un rôle important en tant que phytoalexines dans les plantes pour se protéger contre les pathogènes fongiques. Il a été démontré que l’extrait de sarments de vigne vineatrol® et les stilbènes ε-viniférine, ampélopsine a, r2-viniférine, r-viniférine, ainsi que des mélanges des 5 stilbènes, ralentissaient la dégradation de l’acide malique. Ceci ne peut être attribué qu’en partie à un nombre réduit de cellules viables, mais l’effet direct des stilbènes sur l’enzyme malolactique a également été pris en compte. Ceci a été déduit d’une viabilité stabilisée des lab, alors que dans le même temps la dégradation de l’acide malique a été réduite. Ces résultats indiquent un risque plus élevé d‘une fml inhibée ou incomplète dans les vins produits à partir de raisins riches en stilbènes, tels que les variétés résistantes aux champignons.

Auswirkung von stilbenen auf die gärleistung beim äpfelsäureabbau von onoccocus oeni- und lactiplantibacillus plantarum-stämmen bei der weinherstellung

Die malolaktische gärung (MLF) ist ein wichtiger schritt bei der weinherstellung zur verbesserung der weinqualität durch entsäuerung, erhöhte mikrobielle stabilität und modifikation des sensorischen profils. Die phenolische zusammensetzung des weines beeinflusst das wachstum und den stoffwechsel der für die malolaktische gärung verwendeten milchsäurebakterien (lab). Aufgrund der steigenden pflanzungen pilzresistenter rebsorten wurde in der vorliegenden studie der einfluss von stilbenen auf die MLF untersucht, da stilbene als phytoalexine in pflanzen eine wichtige rolle zum schutz gegen pilzpathogene spielen. Es konnte gezeigt werden, dass der rebensprossenextrakt vineatrol® und die stilbene ε-viniferin, ampelopsin a, r2-viniferin, r-viniferin sowie mischungen der 5 stilbene den äpfelsäureabbau verlangsamen. Dies kann zum teil auf eine verringerte anzahl lebensfähiger zellen zurückgeführt werden. Zudem konnte die direkte wirkung der stilbene auf das malolaktische enzym abgeleitet werden. Auch bei stabiler viabilität der milchsäurebakterien wurde der apfelsäureabbau durch stilbene reduziert. Diese ergebnisse deuten auf ein höheres risiko einer gehemmten oder unvollständigen mlf in weinen hin, die aus stilbenreichen trauben, wie z. B. Pilzresistenten sorten, hergestellt wurden.

Publication date: November 18, 2024

Issue: OIV 2024

Type: Article

Authors

Pascal Wegmann-Herr¹, Sabrina Zimdars², Rita Caspers-Weiffenbach², Fabian Weber²

¹ Institute for Viticulture and Oenology, DLR Rheinpfalz, Breitenweg 71, Neustadt, Germany
² Institute of Nutritional and Food Sciences, Molecular Food Technology, University of Bonn, Endenicher Allee 19b, Bonn, Germany

Contact the author*

Tags

IVES Conference Series | OIV | OIV 2024

Citation

Related articles…

Wine industry, digital transformation, and sustainability: a systematic literature 

This paper aims to (i) identify the state of the art regarding digital transformation in the transition to sustainability in the wine industry, (ii) analyze the adoption of digital technologies at different stages of the winemaking process and their contribution to the triple bottom line of sustainability, and (iii) present a research agenda that facilitates the development of the field, providing contributions to both literature and managerial practice.

Using unmanned aerial vehicle with multispectral camara to efficiently and precisely monitor the incidence of downy mildew and technical maturity of beibinghong (vitis amurensis Rpru.) grapes 

Multispectral unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) has been successfully applied in monitoring vine vegetative growth, however, there are still potential relationships between remote sensing vegetation indexes (vis) and vine condition or grape quality, so it is worthy a deeper investigation to make a better use of UAV. One of the purposes of the study is to find out vis that could denote the severity of downy mildew (DM), so that precise and differentiated control strategies would be adopted subsequently.

An online training tool for wine professionals around the world: from responsible service to a sustainable consumption of wine

Most consumers enjoy wine in moderation, however, there remains a minority that may develop risky drinking habits, potentially harming themselves and those around them. For the last fifteen years, a prime objective of the wine in moderation programme has been to educate and empower the wine sector and now for the first time, a central education tool has been developed, integrating the topic of moderate consumption horizontally in all wine activities. The entire wine value chain – from the producer to the salesperson to the restaurant service staff – can contribute to reduce harmful consumption and encourage responsible drinking patterns.

Correction de la teneur en alcool des vins par évaporation partielle sous vide en cours de fermentation alcoolique

Climate change has become a reality that is becoming more and more apparent every day, with changes in the physico-chemical composition of grapes and an increase in the alcohol content of finished wines. These higher alcoholic degrees are not without consequences for the success of alcoholic and malolactic fermentation. Correcting the alcohol content (-20% of the initial alcoholic strength) is also part of an approach designed to meet consumer expectations for healthier, lighter or lower-alcohol wines (9 to 13% vol.). Correcting the alcohol content of wines also rebalances the mouthfeel by reducing the alcohol’s burn.

Is your juice truly organic? An isotopic approach for certifying organic grape juice

The sustainability and authenticity of grape juice production have gained increasing attention, particularly regarding the environmental impact and health benefits of organic practices.