terclim by ICS banner
IVES 9 IVES Conference Series 9 OIV 9 OIV 2024 9 Short communications - Oenology, methods of analysis 9 Effect of stilbenes on malolactic fermentation performance of onoccocus oeni and lactiplantibacillus plantarum strains in wine production

Effect of stilbenes on malolactic fermentation performance of onoccocus oeni and lactiplantibacillus plantarum strains in wine production

Abstract

Malolactic fermentation (MLF) is an important step in winemaking to improve wine quality through deacidification, increased microbial stability, and altered wine flavor. The phenolic composition of wine influences the growth and metabolism of lactic acid bacteria (lab) used for MLF. Due to the increasing emergence of fungus-resistant grape varieties, the present study aimed to analyze the influence of stilbenes on MLF, since stilbenes play an important role as phytoalexins in plants to counteract fungal pathogens. It was shown that the grapevine shoot extract vineatrol® and the stilbenes ε-viniferine, ampelopsin a, r2-viniferine, r-viniferine, as well as mixtures of the 5 stilbenes, slowed down malic acid degradation. This can only partly be attributed to a reduced number of viable cells, but the direct effect of stilbenes on the malolactic enzyme was also taken into account. This was deduced from a stabilized viability of lab, while at the same time malic acid degradation was reduced. These results indicate a higher risk of inhibited or incomplete MLF in wines produced from stilbene-rich grapes, such as fungus-resistant varieties.

Effet des stilbènes sur la performance de la fermentation malolactique des souches de onoccocus oeni et lactiplantibacillus plantarum en vinification

La fermentation malolactique (FML) est une étape importante dans la vinification qui permet d’améliorer la qualité du vin grâce à la désacidification, à l’augmentation de la stabilité microbienne et à la modification de l’arôme du vin. La composition phénolique du vin influence la croissance et le métabolisme des bactéries lactiques (lab) utilisées pour la FML. En raison de l’émergence croissante de variétés de raisin résistantes aux champignons, la présente étude visait à analyser l’influence des stilbènes sur la fml, étant donné que les stilbènes jouent un rôle important en tant que phytoalexines dans les plantes pour se protéger contre les pathogènes fongiques. Il a été démontré que l’extrait de sarments de vigne vineatrol® et les stilbènes ε-viniférine, ampélopsine a, r2-viniférine, r-viniférine, ainsi que des mélanges des 5 stilbènes, ralentissaient la dégradation de l’acide malique. Ceci ne peut être attribué qu’en partie à un nombre réduit de cellules viables, mais l’effet direct des stilbènes sur l’enzyme malolactique a également été pris en compte. Ceci a été déduit d’une viabilité stabilisée des lab, alors que dans le même temps la dégradation de l’acide malique a été réduite. Ces résultats indiquent un risque plus élevé d‘une fml inhibée ou incomplète dans les vins produits à partir de raisins riches en stilbènes, tels que les variétés résistantes aux champignons.

Auswirkung von stilbenen auf die gärleistung beim äpfelsäureabbau von onoccocus oeni- und lactiplantibacillus plantarum-stämmen bei der weinherstellung

Die malolaktische gärung (MLF) ist ein wichtiger schritt bei der weinherstellung zur verbesserung der weinqualität durch entsäuerung, erhöhte mikrobielle stabilität und modifikation des sensorischen profils. Die phenolische zusammensetzung des weines beeinflusst das wachstum und den stoffwechsel der für die malolaktische gärung verwendeten milchsäurebakterien (lab). Aufgrund der steigenden pflanzungen pilzresistenter rebsorten wurde in der vorliegenden studie der einfluss von stilbenen auf die MLF untersucht, da stilbene als phytoalexine in pflanzen eine wichtige rolle zum schutz gegen pilzpathogene spielen. Es konnte gezeigt werden, dass der rebensprossenextrakt vineatrol® und die stilbene ε-viniferin, ampelopsin a, r2-viniferin, r-viniferin sowie mischungen der 5 stilbene den äpfelsäureabbau verlangsamen. Dies kann zum teil auf eine verringerte anzahl lebensfähiger zellen zurückgeführt werden. Zudem konnte die direkte wirkung der stilbene auf das malolaktische enzym abgeleitet werden. Auch bei stabiler viabilität der milchsäurebakterien wurde der apfelsäureabbau durch stilbene reduziert. Diese ergebnisse deuten auf ein höheres risiko einer gehemmten oder unvollständigen mlf in weinen hin, die aus stilbenreichen trauben, wie z. B. Pilzresistenten sorten, hergestellt wurden.

Publication date: November 18, 2024

Issue: OIV 2024

Type: Article

Authors

Pascal Wegmann-Herr¹, Sabrina Zimdars², Rita Caspers-Weiffenbach², Fabian Weber²

¹ Institute for Viticulture and Oenology, DLR Rheinpfalz, Breitenweg 71, Neustadt, Germany
² Institute of Nutritional and Food Sciences, Molecular Food Technology, University of Bonn, Endenicher Allee 19b, Bonn, Germany

Contact the author*

Tags

IVES Conference Series | OIV | OIV 2024

Citation

Related articles…

Linear sweep voltammetry to classify and characterize the antioxidant properties of tannins

In recent years, numerous studies have been carried out at the OIV on oenological tannins, both with regard to oenological properties and methods of characterization. The results of these recent studies have led to the revision of the general monograph and the drafting of four new monographs, one for each of the four chemical classes into which the tannins have been grouped: ellagitannins, gallotannins, procyanidins/prodelphinidins, profisetinidins/prorobinetinins.

An analysis of wine geographical indications from the perspective of the theory of industrial organizations: what are the trade off?

From Porto and then through Bordeaux, Champagne and Bourgogne, wine geographical indications (gi) were the driving models for this form of protection of distinctive signs for collective use. Many studies present the benefits of recognizing a gi for a given region, the challenges of its implementation, as well as the possibilities of promoting territorial development.

Technical efficiency and socio-environmental sustainability in the wine sector: tradeoff or complementarity? Evidence from Italy

In recent decades, sustainability has risen to prominence across various industries, including agriculture, spurred by initiatives such as the new common agricultural policy and the farm to fork strategy within the European Union. Among agricultural activities, viticulture stands as a crucial player in sustainability, intertwining environmental, social, and economic dimensions, as exemplified by the OIV general principles of sustainable viticulture. Italy, one of the main players in the global wine market, has long been making efforts towards the introduction of sustainability-oriented practices and certifications.

Exploring the dynamic between yeast mannoproteins structure and wine stability

Mannoproteins are macromolecules found on the surface of yeast cells, composed of hyperbranched polysaccharide negatively charged chains by mannosyl-phosphate groups, fixed to a protein core. during the alcoholic fermentation and aging on lees, these mannoproteins are released from the yeast cell wall and become the main yeast-sourced polysaccharide in wine. due to their techno-functional properties, commercial preparations of mannoproteins can be used as additives to better assure tartaric and protein stability.

Agri-photovoltaics: first experience above Riesling vines

Agri-photovoltaics (apv) describes the dual use of an agricultural area for food production and solar power generation. There are already a number of systems in operation around the world with various crops and under a wide range of different set-ups. In large parts, they still allow mechanical cultivation and other positive side effects of an APV system were observed in addition to the increase in utilization in the form of electricity and food: effects on the water balance and passive protection against extreme weather events.