Ancient and recent construction of Terroirs

The ongoing climate change implies an increasing mean air temperature, which is signified by weather extremes or sudden changes between drought and local heavy rainfalls. These changing conditions are especially challenging for the established grapevine varieties growing under cool climate conditions due to an increased risk for fungal diseases like downy mildew (DM) and Botrytis bunch rot (BBR) as well as for grape sunburn. To meet that demand, the scope of most grapevine breeding programs is the selection of mildew fungus-resistant and climatic adapted grapevines with balanced, healthy yield and outstanding wine quality.

Riesling is the iconic grape variety of Germany and accounts for 23% of the German viticulture acreage, which comprises 45% of the worldwide Riesling plantings.

The dynamic sequence of physiological events along the three-months of berry development from anthesis to ripe stage has been thoroughly investigated. Most studies were performed on average samples, taking care to crush enough fruits to fairly represent the overall trend of the future harvest. However, phenological stages like 30% caps off (EL25) highlights the asynchronous nature of this population. Consequently, softening, onset of sugar accumulation and coloration were melted by asynchrony in a developmental mumbo jumbo, until their respective timing could be clarified by single berries approaches.

Proteic haze is a problem which may occur in all fruit-based beverages and fermented juices (beer, cider, wine). When it occurs, the economic loss is important.

During aging, wine consumes small amounts of oxygen. This oxygen intake triggers a series of reactions that lead to flavonoid elongation, which is known to reduce bitterness and astringency while enhancing color stability.