The complex response of Mediterranean viticultural systems to climate change: a case study from France and Australia

Moderate wine consumption – with the meals – represents one of the beneficial components of the traditional mediterranean diet (med diet) and a positive item in the med diet score [1,2, 3]. The med diet is considered one of the best diets in the world and the world health organisation (who) identified this eating pattern as an effective strategy to prevent non-communicable diseases (ncd), since it is associated with lower disease occurrence and all-cause mortality [4] . Numerous well-conducted epidemiological studies have also reported that light-to-moderate intake of wine/alcoholic beverages is not only related to a reduced risk of cardiovascular disease, but also to all-cause mortality.

Tropical wines have been produced in the São Francisco river Valley thirty years ago, in the Northeast of Brazil. The main grape cultivar used for red tropical wines is ‘Syrah’, but wines have presented fast evolution, if they were made in the first or second semester, due to the high values of pH in grapes and wines and high climate temperatures.

Le terroir viticole, qui est la base de la délimitation des aires d’Appellation d’Origine Contrôlée, est une notion complexe dans laquelle sont en interaction la vigne, les facteurs naturels tels que le sol, le climat, ainsi que le facteur humain à travers les pratiques des viticulteurs. Le terroir conditionne la composition des raisins et ainsi la qualité et la typicité des vins qui en sont issus.

In the Champagne vineyards, spring frosts are the cause of significant variations in the volume of the harvest which are very penalizing for the trade. This variability is reflected both in time (years without frost alternating with years with severe frosts) and in space. Certain sectors of the vineyard are in fact statistically more susceptible to frost than others, but each year no municipality can consider itself immune to this climatic accident. The objective of the study is precisely to analyze the spatial distribution of frost and to determine its main mechanisms, linked to the topography of the hillsides, their orientation but also to regional meteorological variables.

Clarification or fining of wines is a technique used in wineries to eliminate unwanted wine components, which negatively affect its quality. Clarification normally involves the addition of an adsorptive material that eliminates or reduces the presence of undesirable components. The problem is that many of the fining agents used in the industry contain allergens, such as caseinates or ovalbumin.