ECA&D: A high-resolution dataset for monitoring climate change and effects on viticulture in Europe

L’appellation d’origine contrôlée repose sur une définition précise de l’aire de production du raisin. Cette délimitation définie par l’Institut National des Appellations d’Origine est proposée par des experts choisis pour leurs compétences dans le domaine de la connaissance de la relation terroir – vins, après avis du syndicat de défense de chaque AOC.

The notion of «terroir» refers to the link between the composition, quality and taste of a wine, on the one hand, and its place of origin, on the other. It involves, among other things, the signature of soil elements, as well as the influence of climatic conditions and plant material used. The composition of the wine is also influenced by the winemaking, storage and bottling processes. We were lucky enough to have a time series of the same champagne, from the end of the first world war to the present. On this exceptional time series, we followed, with the most advanced methods, all the elemental signatures by isotopic multi-dilution, the evolution of the isotopic ratios of heavy elements with very high precision of Sr, Pb, B and Cu.

The use of high-power ultrasound (US) during the winemaking process has been extensively studied at laboratory scale in order to demonstrate its possible use to improve the extraction of compounds of interest. However, studies on semi-industrial and industrial scale are needed to confirm this positive effect, since the International Organization of Vine and Wine approved its industrial use in 2019 [1].

Grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) is a globally cultivated crop and economically significant, particularly in the wine industry (Varela et al., 2024). Climate change is already affecting vineyards and is expected to worsen (Averbeck et al., 2019; Dupuis and Knoepfel, 2011).

“Sangiovese” (Vitis vinifera L. sativa cv. Sangiovese) is the main grape variety to be established in Italy, being the only country in Europe where this grape is commonly found.