Enoforum 2021
IVES 9 IVES Conference Series 9 Enoforum Web 9 Enoforum Web Conference 2021 9 Unique resistance traits against downy mildew from the domestication center of grapevine

Unique resistance traits against downy mildew from the domestication center of grapevine

Abstract

The Eurasian grapevine (Vitis vinifera), an Old World species now cultivated worldwide for high-quality wine production, is extremely susceptible to the agent of downy mildew, Plasmopara viticola. The cultivation of resistant V. vinifera varieties would be a sustainable way to reduce the damage caused by the pathogen and the impact of disease management, which involves the economic, health and environmental costs of frequent fungicide application. We report the finding of unique downy mildew resistance traits in a winemaking cultivar from the domestication center of V. vinifera, and characterize the expression of a range of genes associated with the resistance mechanism. Based on comparative experimental inoculations, confocal microscopy and transcriptomics analyses, our study shows that V. vinifera cv. Mgaloblishvili, native to Georgia (South Caucasus), exhibits unique resistance traits against P. viticola. Its defense response, leading to a limitation of P. viticola growth and sporulation, is determined by the overexpression of genes related to pathogen recognition, the ethylene signalling pathway, synthesis of antimicrobial compounds and enzymes, and the development of structural barriers. The unique resistant traits found in Mgaloblishvili highlight the presence of a rare defense system in V. vinifera against P. viticola which promises fresh opportunities for grapevine genetic improvement.

DOI:

Publication date: April 23, 2021

Issue: Enoforum 2021

Type: Article

Authors

Silvia Laura Toffolatti*, Piero Attilio Bianco, Osvaldo Failla and Gabriella De Lorenzis

Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of Milan, Via Celoria 2, 20133 Milano (Italy)

Contact the author

Tags

Enoforum 2021 | IVES Conference Series

Citation

Related articles…

Green pruning of shoots to force new sprouting of buds, in fruit set and in pea size: vegetative, productive and maturation effects, in cv. Verdejo

The context of climate crisis leads to the acceleration of technological ripening of grapes, with unsuitable loss of acidity, so various vineyard management alternatives are being considered to delay the grape ripening. The delay of the vegetative cycle towards a period of milder temperatures affects ripening, but vine behavior can vary according to the area, conduction, watering, variety, etc. A work is proposed to know the response to the green pruning of shoots, executed in fruit set and in pea size, in cv. Verdejo.
Read More

Non-invasive grapevine inflorescence detection using YOLOv11 under field conditions

Accurate and early yield estimation in vineyards is essential for the effective management of resources and informed decision-making in viticulture.

Read More

Chemical and microbiological evaluation of Ribeiro wines (NW Spain)

Wine produced under Designation of Origin (DOP) Ribeiro, the oldest DOP in Galicia (NW Spain), are elaborated using local grape cultivars, grown at the valleys of Miño, Avia and Arnoia rivers. The landscape formed by slopes and terraces and the peculiar climate of continental character, softened by the proximity of Atlantic Ocean, make it an area of excellent aptitude for vine cultivation. In addition, small-scale farming and the use of traditional techniques for vineyard management provide a great diversity to Ribeiro wines. This study presents the evaluation of red and white wines (bottled or bulk wines) from DOP Ribeiro, produced between years 2018-2022.

Read More

Comparison of the effects of hormone- and natural-based elicitors on key metabolic pathways in cv. Tempranillo

One of the most important effects of climate change in wine-growing areas is the advance of phenological stages, especially concerning early berry ripening. In the hottest seasons, this results in a lack of synchrony between sugar and phenolic ripeness. In order to cope with this fact, a general effort is being made by researchers and growers aiming at delaying ripening through different strategies. One of the proposed approaches is the application of elicitors. This study aims to assess the effect at the transcriptomic level of application of three elicitors (Vitalfit, Fruitel, and Protone) in Tempranillo.

Read More

French regulations related to vineyard spraying and examples of devices developed in France and around the world to limit the risks of point-source pollution

Managing pests in vineyards presents a major challenge for winegrowers, who are seeking effective solutions to control diseases and pests.

Read More