 IVES 9 IVES Conference Series 9 Genetic traceability of ‘Nebbiolo’ musts and wines by single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) genotyping assays

Genetic traceability of ‘Nebbiolo’ musts and wines by single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) genotyping assays

Abstract

AIM: ‘Nebbiolo’ (Vitis vinifera L.) is one of the most ancient and prestigious Italian grape cultivars. It is renowned for its use in producing monovarietal high-quality red wines, such Barolo and Barbaresco. Wine quality and value can be heavily modified if cultivars other than those allowed are employed. The fight against fraud to safeguard high-quality productions requires an effective varietal identification system applicable in musts and wines.

METHODS: Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are considered the newest type of molecular marker for grapevine identification. We developed and investigated the efficiency of SNP TaqMan® assays in the varietal authentication of ‘Nebbiolo’ musts and wines. ‘Nebbiolo’-specific SNPs were identified starting from available databases and 260 genotypes analysed by Vitis18kSNP array.

RESULTS: Only two markers (SNP_15082 and SNP_14783) were sufficient to distinguish ‘Nebbiolo’ from more than 1,100 genotypes. In experimental vinifications, these SNP TaqMan® assays correctly identified ‘Nebbiolo’ in all wine-making steps, including wines 1 year after bottling. The high sensitivity of the assays allowed identifying, for the first time, mixtures of 1% in musts at the end of maceration, blends of 10% in musts at the end of malolactic fermentation and wines contamination of 10–20% with non-‘Nebbiolo’ genotypes. In commercial wines, the amplification efficiency of these SNPs was partially limited by the low amount of grapevine DNA and the presence of PCR inhibitors in DNA extracts. However, at least one SNP amplified correctly in all the commercial wines tested.

CONCLUSIONS:

The TaqMan® genotyping assay is a rapid, highly sensitive and specific methodology with remarkable potential for varietal identification in wines.

DOI:

Publication date: September 7, 2021

Issue: Macrowine 2021

Type: Article

Authors

Giorgio Gambino, Paolo BOCCACCI, Walter CHITARRA, Anna SCHNEIDER

Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection, National Research Council (IPSP-CNR). Strada delle Cacce 73, 10135 Torino, Italy. Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection, National Research Council (IPSP-CNR). Strada delle Cacce 73, 10135 Torino, Italy. Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, Viticultural and Enology Research Centre (CREA-VE). Via XXVIII Aprile 26, 31015 Conegliano (TV), Italy. Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection, National Research Council (IPSP-CNR). Strada delle Cacce 73, 10135 Torino, Italy. Luca ROLLE, Department of Agricultural, Forest and Food Sciences, University of Torino. Largo Braccini 2, 10095 Grugliasco (TO), Italy.

Contact the author

Keywords

grapevine, musts, wines, genetic traceability, snp, blends

Citation

L’essor des produits “No-Low” : nouveaux défis pour l’étiquetage et la réglementation

In recent years, “no-low” products seem to become a new worldwide trend. It appears to be a possible answer to the well-known context of climate change, the decline in wine consumption, and the wellness/health trend (“free from” claims, vegan, and so on…) That consumers are looking for. The aim of this study is to provide an overview of the “no-low” products sold in the french market (but not only french products), focusing on the labelling, packaging, and sales presentation of these products.

Revisión de estudios sobre suelos vitícolas de las tierras del Jerez

Dada la importancia de los suelos y de los substratos geológicos en la zonificación vitivinícola, los autores realizan una revisión de estudios sobre las formaciones más importantes en la D.O. Jerez-Xérès-Sherry y Manzanilla-Sanlúcar de Barrameda.

The effects of calcite silicon-mediated particle film application on leaf temperature and grape composition of Merlot (Vitis vinifera L.) vines under different irrigation conditions

This study examined whether the application of calcite-silicon mediated particle film (CaPF) at veraison can mitigate a drought-induced increase in leaf temperature on grapevine, thus contributing to improved leaf functionality, yield and grape composition traits. A total of 48 five-year-old Merlot (Vitis vinifera L.)

Délimitation des terroirs dans les A.O. Rueda et Toro (Castilla y León-Espagne)

La délimitation et la caractérisation des zones viticoles posent en Espagne des problèmes spécifiques non seulement dus aux caractéristiques propres au territoire mais aussi à la dimension, la distribution et l’indice d’occupation viticole dans les appellations d’origine.

Identification of caffeic acid as a major component of Moscatel wine protein sediment

Proteins play a significant role in the colloidal stability and clarity of white wines [1]. However, under conditions of high temperatures during storage or transportation, the proteins themselves can self-aggregate into light-dispersing particles causing the so-called protein haze [2]. Formation of these unattractive precipitates in bottled wine is a common defect of commercial wines, making them unacceptable for sale [3]. Previous studies identified the presence of phenolic compounds in the natural precipitate of white wine [4], contributing to the hypothesis that these compounds could be involved in the mechanism of protein haze formation.