 IVES 9 IVES Conference Series 9 Use of new tools for red wine aging: active and passive microoxygenation with oak wood. Effect on volatile compounds and sensorial impact

Use of new tools for red wine aging: active and passive microoxygenation with oak wood. Effect on volatile compounds and sensorial impact

Abstract

AIM: The aim of this study was to evaluate the evolution of different chemical parameters and sensory impact on red wine during maturation in barrels or with new technologies: active and passive micro-oxygenation systems together with oak wood alternatives.

METHODS: Seven different aging systems [1] based in HDPE tanks with different OTR, tank using PMDS infusion tube, stoneware barrel, stainless steel tank together with MOX and barrel, were filled with Tinta de Toro variety wine. The trial lasted for six months and, in both the traditional barrel and the alternative stave systems, French oak wood with a similar average toast from the same cooperage and from the same batch was used. Along with the addition of oak wood in the MOX systems, the active MOX systems used a variable O2 dosage that reproduces the dynamic OTR profile of a barrel [2].

RESULTS: The active MOX system was performed with the addition of oak wood, reproducing the volume of wood in contact with wine from a barrel. Since the wine was sampled at different times (45, 90, 135 and 180 days), different statistical procedures have been performed to establish the differences between them throughout the study period and, in the end, to relate the analytical composition to the sensory analysis of the wine.

CONCLUSIONS

Alternative aging systems, based on a passive MOX (HDPE, PDMS and StW) have proved to be suitable for wine aging, since the results obtained were similar than ones for wines from a classic active MOX, made in stainless steel tanks, and barrels. However, some differences were observed that allow their differentiation. Both, on a sensory and analytical level, barrel wines were the most different, being algo possible the differentiation of PDMS wines from H-HDPE and MOX and from Ö-HDPE, StW and L-HDPE. Of all the parameters analyzed, volatile composition was the one that most contributed to the differentiation, which could be mainly due to the way in which the wine accesses the compounds present in the wood, compared to the rest of the aging systems.

DOI:

Publication date: September 14, 2021

Issue: Macrowine 2021

Type: Article

Authors

Ana Maria Martinez Gil

Dpt. Química Analítica, UVaMOX-Group, Universidad de Valladolid, Avda. Madrid, 50, 34004 Palencia, Spain,Rosario, SANCHEZ-GOMEZ Dpt. Química Analítica, UVaMOX-Group, Universidad de Valladolid, Avda. Madrid, 50, 34004 Palencia, Spain Ignacio NEVARES, Dpt. Ingeniería Agrícola y Forestal, UVaMOX-Group, Universidad de Valladolid, Avda. Madrid, 50, 34004 Palencia, Spain Maria Del ALAMO-SANZA, Dpt. Química Analítica, UVaMOX-Group, Universidad de Valladolid, Avda. Madrid, 50, 34004 Palencia, Spain

Contact the author

Keywords

barrel, oxygen, passive and active micro-oxygenation, staves, red wine, volatile compounds

Citation

ACIDIC AND DEMALIC SACCHAROMYCES CEREVISIAE STRAINS FOR MANAGING PROBLEMS OF ACIDITY DURING THE ALCOHOLIC FERMENTATION

In a recent study several genes controlling the acidification properties of the wine yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae have been identified by a QTL approach [1]. Many of these genes showed allelic variations that affect the metabolism of malic acid and the pH homeostasis during the alcoholic fermentation. Such alleles have been used for driving genetic selection of new S. cerevisiae starters that may conversely acidify or deacidify the wine by producing or consuming large amount of malic acid [2]. This particular feature drastically modulates the final pH of wine with difference of 0.5 units between the two groups.

Evaluation of climate change impacts at the Portuguese Dão terroir over the last decades: observed effects on bioclimatic indices and grapevine phenology

In the last decades the growers of the Portuguese Dão winegrowing region (center of Portugal) are experiencing changes in climate that are influencing either grape phenology berry health and ripening. Aiming to study the relationships between climate indices (CI), seasonal weather and grapevine phenology, in this work long-term climate and phenological data collected at the experimental vineyard of the Portuguese Dão research centre between 1958 and 2019 (61 years) for the red variety Touriga Nacional, was analyzed. The trends over time for the classical temperature-based indices (Growing Season Temperature – GST -, Growing Degree Days – GDD, Huglin Index – HI and Cool Night Index – CI) presented a significantly positive slope while the Dryness Index (DI) showed a negative trend over the last 61 years. Regarding grapevine phenology, an average advance of 4.5 days per decade in the harvest day was observed throughout the last 61 years. Consequently, the weather conditions during the ripening period have changed, showing an increasing trend over time in the average temperature (higher magnitude in the maximum than in the minimum temperature) and a decrease in the accumulated rainfall. A regression analysis showed that ~50% of harvest date variability over years was explained by the temperature-based indices variability. These observed effects of climate change on bioclimatic indices and corresponding anticipation of harvest date can still be considered advantageous for the Dão terroir as it allows to achieve an optimal berry ripening before the common equinox rains and, therefore, avoid the potential negative impacts of the rainfall on berry health and composition.

Evaluation of Polarized Projective Mapping as a possible tool for attributing South African Chenin blanc dry wine styles

Multiple Factor Analysis (MFA) According to the Chenin blanc Association of South Africa, there are three recognized dry wine styles, Fresh and Fruity (FF), Rich and Ripe Unwooded (RRU), and Rich and Ripe Wooded (RRW), classically attributed with the help of sensory evaluation. One of the “rapid methods” has drawn our attention for the purpose of simplifying and making style attribution for large sample sets, evaluated during different sessions, more robust. Polarized Projective Mapping (PPM) is a hybrid of Projective Mapping (PM) and Polarised Sensory Positioning (PSP). It is a reference-based method in which poles
(references) are used for the evaluation of similarities and dissimilarities between samples.

Elaboration des cartes conseils pour une gestion du terroir à l’échelle parcellaire: utilisation d’algorithmes bases sur des paramètres physiques du milieu naturel

The “Anjou Terroirs” programme aims at bringing the necessary scientific basis for a rational and reasoned exploitation of the technical itinerary of the terroir. The scale study is 1/12500. For the mapping, many parameters, such as the granulometry or the depth of soil are observed to each point of caracterisation.

Qualitative and productive characterization of a minority variety: ‘Branco lexítimo’ in DO Ribeira Sacra (Spain)

The actual climate changes, together with the strong regulation of the European Union and Spanish government, in search of sustainable viticulture, have forced the recovery of minority varieties, expanding the range of grape varieties, as well as the possible development of wines with unique profiles. In the Ribeira Sacra DO (Spain), a comparative study of the agronomic and qualitative behavior of the ‘Branco lexítimo’ variety has been carried out, compared to the majority white variety in the DO: ‘Godello’, located in the same study plot, with identic soil and climatic conditions. The study contemplated the analysis of phenology and leaf water potential, as well as the productive results and the analysis of the must quality, during four seasons: 2018 – 2021.