Macrowine 2021
IVES 9 IVES Conference Series 9 Sensory and physicochemical impact of proanthocyanidic tannins on red wine fruity aroma

Sensory and physicochemical impact of proanthocyanidic tannins on red wine fruity aroma

Abstract

AIM: Previous research on the fruity character of red wines highlighted the role of esters [1]. Literature provides evidence that, besides these esters, other compounds that are not necessarily volatiles may have an important impact on the overall fruity aroma of wine, contributing to a masking effect [2][3]. The goal of this work was to assess the olfactory consequences of a mixture between esters and proanthocyanidic tannins, through sensory and physico-chemical approaches.

METHODS: Sensory analysis of numerous aromatic reconstitutions in dilute alcohol solution, including triangular tests, detection thresholds, and sensory profiles, were conducted in order to evaluate the sensory impact of tannins on red wines esters perception. Then, the impact of these non-volatile molecules on esters volatility, and thus taster stimulation, was evaluated thanks to the determination of partition coefficients which were correlated with sensory results

RESULTS: Triangular test revealed a significant odor difference between a fruity pool containing esters and the same fruity pool in mixture with proanthocyanidic tannins. The establishment of particular “detection thresholds” revealed that the “detection threshold” of the fruity pool was lower in dilute alcohol solution alone than when supplemented with tannins what demonstrated that tannins had a masking effect on the perception of the fruity pool. Sensory profiles evaluation, showed that the average scores for fruity notes were significantly lower for the fruity pool supplemented with tannins. These results confirmed the sensory importance of tannins. Finally, the evaluation of esters partition coefficient revealed a decrease of the volatility of esters when tannins were present in the matrix, thus corroborating sensory evaluation results.

CONCLUSIONS:

Presence of proanthocyanidic tannins decrease esters volatility, thus reducing orthonasal taster stimulation and consequently impacting red wine fruity notes perception.

DOI:

Publication date: September 24, 2021

Issue: Macrowine 2021

Type: Article

Authors

Jean-Christophe Barbe, Villenave d’Ornon, BARBE

Unité de recherche Œnologie, EA 4577, USC 1366 INRAE, ISVV, Université de Bordeaux, F33882 France, 

Contact the author

Citation

Related articles…

Macromolecular characterization of disease resistant red wine varieties (PIWI)

Pilzwiderstandsfähige (PIWI) are disease resistant Vitis vinifera interspecific hybrid varieties that are receiving increasing attention for ability to ripen in cool climates and their resistance to grapevine fungal diseases. Wines produced from these varieties have not been characterized, especially regarding their macromolecular composition. This study characterised and quantified colloid-forming molecules (proteins, polysaccharides and phenolics) of red PIWI wines produced in the UK. METHODS: In 2019 6 wines were made from the PIWI varieties Rondo, Cabernet Jura, Cabernet Cortis, Cabernet Noir, Regent and Cabertin grown at the Plumpton Rock Lodge Vineyard in Sussex (UK) and harvested at similar level of maturity (TSS, pH and TA). All juice was chaptalized to the same potential alcohol of 12%. Small scale winemaking (1L) was performed in quadruplicate using Bodum® coffee plungers to manage maceration [1]. Residual sugar content, pH, and titratable acidity were monitored during fermentation. For finished wines, the protein and polysaccharide content was measured by HPLC-SEC [2], while the total phenolic content was assessed using the Folin-Ciocalteau method [3]. The protein profile of the wines was further investigated by SDS-PAGE [4]. RESULTS: Fermentations (n=24) were all carried out to completion within 8 days.

Read More

Oligosaccharides from Vitis vinifera grape seeds: a focus on gentianose as a novel bioactive compound

AIM. Grape seeds (Vitis vinifera) are among the main constituents of grape pomace, also exploited in ingredients for nutraceutics and cosmeceutics, particularly regarding the phenolic fraction. The macromolecules of grape/wine include polyphenols, proteins and polysaccharides.

Read More

Circular viticulture: transforming grapevine waste into sustainable fibers

Annually, around 31.95 million tonnes of grapevine prunings are produced worldwide as agricultural waste.

Read More

Viti-Tunnel, an automatically removable protection against diseases, frost and hail, a way to drastically reduce the use of pesticides

Viti-tunnel®, une innovation imaginée pour répondre à deux des objectifs majeurs des viticulteurs : 1.la sécurisation de la vendange : viti-tunnel® permet de protéger les vignobles des pertes de récolte dues aux maladies, au gel et à la grêle. 2.la réduction des pesticides : viti-tunnel® permet de réduire de plus de 90 %, le recours aux produits phytosanitaires et aux passages de pulvérisateurs, et ce, en toute sécurité pour la vendange. Un dispositif automatisé pour protéger les vignes viti-tunnel® est un dispositif de mise à l’abri automatique des rangs de vigne pendant les pluies et les évènements climatiques extrêmes.

Read More

Phototropic and geotropic shoot orientation: effect on physiological, vegetative and reproductive parameters

[English version below]

On a étudié l’effet de l’orientation des rameaux sur les paramètres physiologiques, végétatifs et reproductif durant deux saisons de croissance (2002/2003 et 2003/2004) dans la région de Stellenbosch dans une vignoble du cépage Merlot sur 99R conduite en espalier et taillé à cordon coursonné. Les vignes étaient espacées 2.7 x 1.5 m.

Read More