Terroir 1996 banner
IVES 9 IVES Conference Series 9 Settling precocity and growth kinetics of the primary leaf area: two indicative parameters of grapevine behaviour

Settling precocity and growth kinetics of the primary leaf area: two indicative parameters of grapevine behaviour

Abstract

[English version below]

Le comportement de la vigne en terme de fonctionnement thermique et hydrique, influe de manière directe sur la qualité des baies de raisin. L’effet du terroir peut être perçu à travers l’étude de paramètres tels que la précocité, la mise en place de la surface foliaire ou la vigueur. Une expérimentation a été conduite en Val de Loire sur le cépage chenin dans le but de mieux comprendre le rôle des variables liées au terroir sur la croissance et le développement de la vigne et in fine sur la qualité des baies. Le protocole, basé sur des mesures agro-viticoles et des analyses physico-chimiques réalisées entre 1997 et 2001 s’appuie sur un réseau de 5 parcelles expérimentales, établi en 1990. Ce réseau repose sur le modèle de milieu physique «roche-altération-altérite», élaboré par MORLAT (1998). Des résultats significatifs ont été mis en évidence quant à la précocité de mise en place du feuillage et la vitesse d’accroissement de la surface foliaire. La précocité d’apparition du feuillage diffère en fonction du milieu rencontré, roche, altération ou altérite, la précocité de mi-débourrement sur le milieu roche étant plus forte. La vitesse d’accroissement de la surface foliaire varie également en fonction du milieu. Les parcelles sur roche, plus précoces, ont leur vitesse d’accroissement du feuillage primaire la plus importante plusieurs semaines avant floraison. Sur milieu altérite, plus tardif, la vitesse d’installation du feuillage est significativement plus élevée quelques semaines avant la floraison, voire même durant la floraison; ce qui induit une plus forte concurrence entre le cycle végétatif et reproducteur de la vigne. Les terroirs les plus tardifs sont caractérisés par une teneur en sucres des baies plus faible. Il apparaît une corrélation négative entre une mise en place tardive du feuillage primaire, la vitesse d’accroissement de la surface foliaire et la qualité de la baie. En particulier, l’indice de maturité et le rapport acide tartrique/acide malique semblent bien discriminer les terroirs représentatifs de différents types de fonctionnement de la vigne.

The behavior of the grapevine, in terms of thermic and hydric functioning, has a direct effect on the composition of the berries at harvest time. The «terroir » effect on the vine can be approached through the study of some parameters such as the earliness of the phenological stages, the settling of the leaf area and the vigor. An experiment was conducted in the Mid- Loire valley, with the chenin variety, in order to understand better the role of the «terroir » variables on the growth and development of the vine, and in fine on the quality of the berries. The data were obtained over the period 1997-2001 out of a network of 5 experimental plots, characterized by the intensity of the weathering process of their bed-rock : from low (rock type soil) to high (weathered type soil), according to the model proposed by MORLAT (1998). All plots were managed the same way. Significative differences between terroirs were observed concerning the precocity of the establishment of the primary leaf area and its growth kinetics. The primary leaf area settled earlier on the rock type soils than on the weathered type soils. On the former, the growth kinetics reached its highest level several weeks before flowering, while on the latter; the quicker increase of the leaf area took place just a few weeks before or even during the flowering stage. On the weathered type terroirs, this late increase induces a stronger competition between the vegetative and the reproductive cycles for the photosynthetic metabolites; at that stage (fruit set), the grapevine needs still to spend much energy to build its leaf area. Regarding berry composition, terroirs corresponding to the weathered type soils were found to produce less sugars and more malic acid than the rock type terroirs. This experiment showed a negative correlation between a late settling of the leaf area, its rapid growth and the quality of the berries. Two particular indexes – the maturity index and the tartaric/malic acid ratio – seem able to discriminate the terroirs regarding their different functioning mode.

DOI:

Publication date: February 15, 2022

Issue: Terroir 2002

Type: Article

Authors

Laurence STEVEZ (1), Gérard BARBEAU (2), Yves CADOT (2), Marie-Hélène BOUVET (2), Michel COSNEAU (2), Christian ASSELIN (2)

(1) Ecole Supérieure d’ Agriculture, 55 rue Rabelais, 49007
(2) INRA-UVV, 42 rue Georges Morel, 49071 Beaucouzé Cedex

Contact the author

Keywords

vigne, surface foliaire primaire, précocité, vitesse de croissance, qualité
grapevine, ptimary leaf area, precocity, growth kinetics, quality

Tags

IVES Conference Series | Terroir 2002

Citation

Related articles…

Grape seed powder as an alternative to bentonite for wine fining

PR proteins can cause haze in wines, and the risk is to keep the wine unsold. Generally, in winemaking bentonite solves this problem by removing proteins, but it is not a renewable resource, has poor settling, which means difficulty in filtering after use and a considerable loss of wine, it is not a specific adsorbent and may reduce aromas and flavor compounds

INFLUENCE OF WINEMAKING VARIABLES AND VINEYARD LOCATIONS ON CHEMICAL AND SENSORY PROFILES OF SOUTH TYROLEAN PINOT BLANC

Pinot Blanc, an important grape variety grown in some mountain areas of Northern Italy such as South Tyrol over the last decades, with its cultivation covering 10.3% of the total vineyards, has compatible climatic conditions (e.g. heat requirements) which are normally found in the geographical areas of the mountain viticulture [1,2,3,4]. Climatic changes are hastening the growth of this variety at higher elevations, particularly for the production of high quality wine.

Analysis of temporal variability of cv. Tempranillo phenology within Ribera del Duero Do (Spain) and relationships with climatic characteristics

The Ribera del Duero Designation of Origin (DO) has acquired great recognition during the last decades, being considered one of the highest quality wine producing regions in the world. This DO has grown from 6,460 ha of vineyards officially registered in 1985 to approximately 21,500 ha in 2013. The total grape production stands at around 90 million kg, with an average yield that approaches nearly 4,500 kg/ha. Most vineyards are cultivated under rainfed conditions.

Perception, liking and emotional response of tropical fruit aromas in Chardonnay wines

Tropical fruit aromas in wines are thought to be important to wine consumers, although there is little research to confirm this statement. With so many wine styles available, it has become important to understand the qualities that are desirable to consumers and how to achieve those qualities. Thiols and esters are compounds that have been found to cause tropical fruit aromas in chardonnay (ref). Fermentation temperature gradients and skin contact were found to increase these compounds using micro scale fermentations. This work aimed to scale up these fermentations/operations to determine if the desired tropical fruit aromas could still be achieved and if there is a perceivable difference in tropical fruit aromas, liking, and emotional response in the wines at the consumer level.

Exploring changes in browning kinetics, color, and antioxidants due to dealcoholization of wine

The global consumer demand for low or non-alcoholic wine is growing steadily in recent years, driven by health concerns, religious beliefs, and personal taste preferences etc.. Consequently, the removal of alcohol from wine can significantly alter its chemical and sensory properties, including color, aroma, and taste, which make a significant challenge for consumer to accept these products. Ethanol plays a crucial role in various chemical reactions and interactions that contribute to the development of wine’s characteristics.