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IVES 9 IVES Conference Series 9 Le Pinot noir dans la zone AOC des “Colli Orientali del Friuli” (nord-est de l’Italie) : influence de la forme de taille sur les paramètres viticoles et œnologiques du raisin et du vin

Le Pinot noir dans la zone AOC des “Colli Orientali del Friuli” (nord-est de l’Italie) : influence de la forme de taille sur les paramètres viticoles et œnologiques du raisin et du vin

Abstract

Le Pinot noir est un cépage de cuve intéressant pour les produits de grande qualité qu’il fournit dans les zones les mieux adaptées. En France, les zones de culture du Pinot noir les plus importantes sont la Bourgogne, la Champagne, l’Alsace et la Loire. En Italie, le Pinot noir est cultivé presque exclusivement dans les régions septentrionales qui sont le Trentino-Alto Adige, la Lombardie et le Friuli-Venezia Giulia. Le Pinot noir était déjà présent dans le Frioul au siècle demier comme en témoigne la Conférence œnologique d’Autriche de 1891 (3) qui a enregistré ce cépage dans la région de Gorizia et a recommandé son implantation dans des zones pas trop chaudes et sur des terrains pas trop arides (“au pied des collines et au sommet de collines fraîches, comme dans les régions de Canale et de Ronzina”, actuellement Kanal et Rocinj, en Slovénie) (3). Malgré ces recommandations, on enregistre dans les années trente une diminution constante du Pinot noir dans cette zone en raison de l’introduction d’autres cépages considérés comme plus nobles, tels que le Cabernet Franc, le Sauvignon et le Merlot (16). Ce manque d’intérêt, qui se confirme dans les décennies suivantes, est vraisemblablement dû au fait que, dans nos régions, cette cultivar est gravement pénalisée par l’influence de l’année. Ces dernières années, on a au contraire enregistré une augmentation de l’utilisation de ce cépage aussi bien dans le Frioul que dans d’autres zones de l’Italie septentrionale. En Italie, la majorité du raisin Pinot noir est vinifié en blanc pour la production de base mousseuse mais un certain pourcentage est vinifié en rouge pour l’obtention de vins de qualité. On remarque, toutefois, une méconnaissance, sur le plan viticole, du comportement de la variété et de son adaptation aux régions de culture de l’Italie nord-orientale. La présente recherche a donc pour objectif l’étude de la réponse du Pinot noir sur les collines du Frioul et la mise au point d’une technique de culture destinée à optimiser cette adaptation. Pour ce faire, le cépage a été cultivé sur des coteaux avec quatre formes différentes de taille et les raisins ainsi obtenus ont ensuite été vinifiés en rouge séparément pour chaque forme.

DOI:

Publication date: March 25, 2022

Issue: Terroir 1996

Type : Poster

Authors

E. PETERLUNGER (1), E. CELOTTI (2), G. DA DALT (2), S. STEFANELLI (1) G. GOLLINO (3), R. ZIRONI (2)

(1) Dipartimento di Produzione Vegetale e Tecnologie Agrarie, Université di Udine
Via delle Scienze 208,1-33100 UDINE, Italie
(2) Dipartimento di Scienze degli Alimenti, Université di Udine, Via Marangoni 97, I-33100 UDINE, Italie
(3) Consultant Vitivinicole

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IVES Conference Series | Terroir 1996

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