terclim by ICS banner
IVES 9 IVES Conference Series 9 OIV 9 OIV 2024 9 Short communications - Oenology, methods of analysis 9 Quantitative nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy 2H(D)-qNMR in the study of deuterium distribution in intracellular water and fermentation products of grape carbohydrates using ethyl alcohol as an example

Quantitative nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy 2H(D)-qNMR in the study of deuterium distribution in intracellular water and fermentation products of grape carbohydrates using ethyl alcohol as an example

Abstract

The paper presents results that develop the results of studies carried out in 2022-2023 under the OIV grant on the topic of distribution of deuterium (2H(D)) in the intracellular water of grapes and wines, taking into account the impact of natural, climatic and technogenic factors using quantitative nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (qNMR). The purpose of the current research was to study the mechanism of deuterium distribution during alcoholic fermentation in model systems, the main components of which were water with different 2H(D)-contents, carbohydrates (d-glucose, d-fructose) and l(+)-tartaric acid. To study the distribution of deuterium in the main target fermentation product, ethanol, we used model systems with different 2h(d)-contents in water (150, 200 and 250 ppm), as well as systems with a constant 2h(d)-content, but different amounts of carbohydrates (15, 20, 25 %). The qNMR method was used to study the 2h(d)-dynamics in water of the initial model systems before and after fermentation, as well as to study the 2h(d)-distribution in the methyl (ch3-) and methylene (ch2-) groups of ethanol molecules formed during fermentation. The results of fundamental study using the 2H(D)-qNMR methodology and the described model systems before and after carbohydrate fermentation are a consistent development of the approach in solving the applied problem of assessing the presence of technologically inevitable water in wine, which in turn provides the basis for identifying unacceptable of wine and/or must extension.

Espectroscopia de resonancia magnética nuclear cuantitativa 2H(D)-qRMN en el estudio de la distribución de deuterio en agua intracelular y productos de fermentación de carbohidratos de uva utilizando alcohol etílico como ejemplo

En este artículo presentamos los resultados de las investigaciones realizadas en el periodo 2022-2023 en el marco de la beca de la oiv, donde se estudia la distribución de deuterio (2H(D)) en el agua intracelular de uvas y productos vinícolas, teniendo en cuenta la influencia de factores climáticos y antropogénicos mediante espectroscopia de resonancia magnética nuclear cuantitativa (qRMN). El objetivo del presente estudio es investigar el mecanismo de distribución del deuterio durante la fermentación alcohólica en sistemas modelo, cuyos componentes principales son agua con diferentes contenidos de 2H(D), carbohidratos (d-glucosa, d-fructosa) y ácido l(+)-tartárico. Para estudiar la distribución de deuterio en el principal producto de la fermentación – etanol, se utilizaron sistemas modelo con diferente contenido de deuterio en agua (150, 200 y 250 ppm), así como sistemas con contenido de deuterio constante, pero diferente cantidad de carbohidratos (15, 20, 25%). Haciendo uso del metodo qRMN se estudió la dinámica de deuterio en el agua de los sistemas modelo iniciales antes y después de la fermentación, así como la distribución de deuterio en los grupos metilo (ch3-) y metileno (ch2-) de las moléculas de etanol formadas durante la fermentación. Los resultados de este estudio fundamental mediante el uso de qrmn y los sistemas modelo descritos antes y después de la fermentación de los carbohidratos, constituyen un desarrollo coherente del enfoque para la solución de la problematica de evaluar la presencia de agua de caracter tecnológico (inevitable) en el vino, lo que a su vez proporciona la base para detectar una dilución inadecuada de estos ultimos (vino, mosto).

Die quantitative kernresonanzspektroskopie 2h(d)-qnmr zur untersuchung der deuteriumverteilung in intrazellulärem wasser und fermentationsprodukten von traubenkohlenhydraten am beispiel von ethylalkohol

der artikel präsentiert ergebnisse, die die im zeitraum 2022–2023 durch die oiv unterstützte forschung zum thema der verteilung von deuterium (2H(D)) im intrazellulären wasser von trauben und weinen unter berücksichtigung des einflusses natürlicher, klimatischer und technogener faktoren mittels quantitativer kernresonanzspektroskopie (qNMR) weiterentwickeln. das ziel der forschung bestand darin, den mechanismus der deuteriumverteilung während der alkoholischen gärung in modellsystemen zu untersuchen, die aus wasser mit unterschiedlichen gehalten an 2H(D), kohlenhydraten (d-glucose, d-fructose) und l(+)-weinsäure bestanden. um die verteilung von deuterium im hauptzielprodukt der gärung – ethanol, zu untersuchen, verwendeten wir modellsysteme mit unterschiedlichen deuteriumgehalten in wasser (150, 200 und 250 ppm) sowie systeme mit konstantem deuteriumgehalt, aber unterschiedlichen mengen an kohlenhydraten (15, 20, 25 %). die qnmr-methode wurde verwendet, um die dynamik von deuterium im wasser der ursprünglichen modellsysteme vor und nach der gärung zu untersuchen, sowie die verteilung von deuterium in den methyl- (ch3-) und methylen- (ch2-) gruppen der während der gärung gebildeten ethanolmoleküle zu verfolgen. die ergebnisse der grundlagenforschung unter verwendung der qnmr-methode und der beschriebenen modellsysteme vor und nach der kohlenhydratgärung stellen eine konsequente weiterentwicklung des ansatzes zur lösung des angewandten problems der beurteilung des vorhandenseins von technologisch unvermeidbarem wasser im wein dar, das wiederum die grundlage für die identifizierung unzulässiger verdünnung von wein und/oder traubenmost mit fremdwasser bildet.

DOI:

Publication date: November 18, 2024

Issue: OIV 2024

Type: Article

Authors

Vassily Ivlev1, Vassily Vasil’ev1, Alexander Kolesnov1, Sergey Tsimbalaev1, Cesar Augusto Esparza1, Raudas Nasser1, Anzhelika Sheremeta1, Fatima Lamerdonova1, Nadezhda Anikina2, Nonna Gnilomedova2

¹ Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba (RUDN University) – ul. Mikluho-Maklaya 8/2, Moscow, Russia
² Federal State Budget Scientific Institution All-Russian National Research Institute of Viticulture and Winemaking Magarach of the RAS – ul. Kirova 31, Yalta, Russia

Contact the author*

Tags

Full papers OIV 2024 | IVES Conference Series | OIV | OIV 2024

Citation

Related articles…

Evaluation of sap flow and trunk diameter measurements in grapevines using time series decomposition

Grapevines are very sensitive to weather conditions. Excessively hot and dry periods trigger the activation of survival mechanisms, such as reduction of crop transpiration and the redistribution of water. Monitoring these mechanisms is, therefore, essential to better understand the grapevine water dynamics and maximize water-use efficiency.

Reduce sulfur dioxide addition using a natural polymer chitosan phytate

Most oxidation reactions in wine require iron as a catalyst. The iron content of wine has decreased greatly in recent decades due to the use of low or no release cellar materials; however, in some cases it is still necessary to adopt winemaking practices to remove excess iron from wine, prevent its oxidation, and be able to reduce the addition of sulfur dioxide and other antioxidants.

Bioprotection en phase pré-fermentaire, synthèse de 3 ans d’expérimentations dans différentes régions viticoles

With growing consumer interest in products without chemical additives, limiting the use of sulfites is a priority for the wine industry. Bioprotection is a biological alternative that avoids or reduces the risks of alterations that have a negative impact on the organoleptic quality of wines and, ultimately, on their acceptability to consumers. bioprotection can also provide a response to the risks of microbiological deviations, which are increased both by climate change and by the organization of harvesting operations, which increasingly include the use of multi-bins filled at the vine, exposing the harvest to sometimes high temperatures for longer periods of time.

The future of pesticide regulation in the EU – between precaution and proportionality

The article analyzes current developments in European pesticide regulation.