The 20th GiESCO International Meeting is held in Mendoza (Argentina), November 5-10, 2017.
Bayesian networks are widely used for knowledge representation and reasoning under uncertainty in natural resource management. We propose here a probabilistic model able to assess the quality of a vineyard. There is a rising interest for this methodology as tool for ecological and agronomic modelling.
At the beginning of ripening, grape berries switch their water import pathway from the xylem to the phloem. However, the cause of the decline in xylem inflow remains a matter of debate. Applying xylem-mobile dye in conjunction with root or shoot pressurization demonstrated that the direction of xylem flow was reversible and responded to pressure manipulation.
In the context of climate change, clones could be a way of adaptation and need to be investigated. Repositories of clones are primarily dedicated to diversity maintenance while specific experimental plots with replicates are designed for clone characterization. However, all these field experiments are time consuming and expensive to maintain.
Grapevines of the variety Vitis vinifera L. cv. Pinot Noir (clone 9-18, grafted onto 5BB) were subjected to different water regimes (irrigation treatments) over the growing season. Physiological indicators were used to monitor the plant water status (leaf and stem water potentials and relative carbon isotope composition (13C) in must sugars).
Climate change has become a threat to wine industry due to increases in temperature and reductions of water in Mediterranean climates. Therefore, it is necessary to improve our knowledge about mechanisms conferring resistance to water shortages in grapevines varieties, especially at the leaf level which includes the evaporative sites in plants and experience the highest water tension through their hydraulic systems.
The environmental sustainability of viticulture can be enhanced with the application of proper management practices (e.g. grassed inter-row), which can lead to an increase of soil carbon sequestration.
In contrast to malic acid, few studies relate to the metabolism of tartaric acid (TA) under abiotic stress in ripening berries. TA biosynthesis is well known with its metabolism believed to be limited from berry set until véraison and therefore not impacted by ripening conditions.
Climate change projections show major changes regarding temperature: a global warming with an increase average temperature and in frequency and severity of punctual heat events. Such changes in temperature will significantly affect the grapevine growing cycle and the bunch microclimate, known to be a major regulator of grape metabolism.
Grapevine production in Chile is facing increasing water deficit problems related to aridization. We studied the use of rootstocks as a strategy for enhancing the performance of cv. Syrah (Sy) and Cabernet Sauvignon (Cs) grapevines under water deficit.
Grape acreage has been expanding rapidly in the cold regions of the U.S. However, the economic sustainability of the grape industry is hampered by freezing damage. It has long been established that sugars play a role in mediating freezing tolerance (FT) in grapes.