The “rañas and rañizos” are Plio-Quaternary landform typical of the Iberan Penisula on which singular soil develops and evolve that are considered unique in Europe (Espejo, 1987; Martín-Serrano, 1991).
Fungal diseases such as downy mildew (Plasmopara viticola) can severely impact grapevine yield and quality, making timely-wise fungicide applications essential.
Regional-scale vineyard monitoring is crucial for addressing climate change adaptation, notably water stress. While crowdsourcing offers a promising solution for collecting data at this large spatial scale,
One concrete manifestation of the concept of terroir is the identification of Geographical Indications, whose Protected Designation of Origin (PDO) is based on strict geographical boundaries and binding, controlled production rules.
The business of Cognac brandy has always used “Crus” as quality brands. Georges de Salignac took the initiative of definition and cartography of the different “Crus” near 1850, way before settlement of the appellation.
Open geospatial data and advanced GIS technologies are rapidly transforming terroir science, providing the wine sector with unprecedented capabilities for spatial analysis, monitoring, and decision-making.
Climate change is profoundly affecting wine production globally. Increasing temperatures induce advanced phenology, shifting the ripening period to a warmer part of the summer.