The viticultural landscape of Valle d’Itria (Apulia, Southern Italy), historically characterized by high-biodiversity native white varieties and dry-stone architecture, including the typical «Trulli», has suffered a drastic reduction over the last century.
Fungal diseases such as downy mildew (Plasmopara viticola) have a negative impact on grapevine yield.
The use of bioclimatic indexes is a common practice to evaluate the suitability of regions for specific crops or cultivars, particularly in viticulture.
Climate change is increasingly disrupting viticulture by decoupling technological and phenolic maturity, thereby threatening grape aromatic quality.
Climate change (CC) strongly affects grapevine development and wine typicity, driving shifts in the geographical distribution of viticulture.
Vitis vinifera subsp. vinifera L. is a widely cultivated species used for both table grape and wine production.
Introduction: Meso-climatic variation increases in hilly terrain, influenced by changes in elevation, slope gradient and slope aspect (Ferretti, 2021).
Agriculture is extremely vulnerable to climate change. Increases in air temperature, altered rainfall patterns, and more frequent extreme events are key climate impacts influencing crop yields, safety, and quality.
In the face of environmental challenges and economic constraints, the transition to sustainable viticulture has become both a necessity and a strategic lever for winegrowing regions.
Due to the development of connected and moderately cheap temperature sensors, climate zoning within vineyards is now more accessible to both the research community and the wine industry.
Vineyards are particularly sensitive to climatic extremes, especially heatwaves and frost events, whose frequency and intensity are increasing.
Accurate monitoring of grapevine phenology is essential for vineyard management and for understanding seasonal responses to climate variability (Reis et al., 2020).
Climate is known as an essential factor for grapevine phenology, yield and quality, and climate change may challenge or open new opportunities of the sustainability of wine grape production.
Climate change is disrupting grapevine phenology and threatening terroir-driven wine typicity, challenging the definition of optimal harvest timing.
Spring frosts pose a significant threat to viticulture by damaging buds and, in severe cases, leading to their destruction.