Terroir 2004 banner
IVES 9 IVES Conference Series 9 Effect of irrigation and soil type on root growth and distribution of Vitis vinifera L. cv. Nero d’Avola grown in Sicily

Effect of irrigation and soil type on root growth and distribution of Vitis vinifera L. cv. Nero d’Avola grown in Sicily

Abstract

[English version below]

L’essai a été effectué dans un vignoble du cépage Nero d’Avola greffé sur 1103 Paulsen dans un terroir de la D.O.C Alcamo en Sicile. Le système de conduite des vignes était à espalier, la taille à cordon coursonné et l’irrigation à goutte a goutte. On a été confrontés trois types de traitements: A) vignes non irriguées; B) vignes irriguées quand le potentiel hydrique foliaire (potentiel de base) était au dessous de –0.7 MPa, pour maintenir le potentiel hydrique foliaire de base au dessous de –0.4 MPa jusqu’à la récolte; C) vignes irriguées en maintenant le potentiel hydrique foliaire de base au dessous de –0.4 MPa du débourrement à la récolte. Dans le parcelle de l’essai étaient présents trois types de sol argileux: Entisol dans le partie haute de la colline, Inceptsol à moitié de la colline et Vertisol à la vallée de la colline. On a déterminé la distribution du système racinaire de la vigne dans les différentes types de sol par rapport aux différents traitements hydriques en emploient la méthode du contact. L’irrigation a été le facteur le plus important pour la croissance et la distribution du système racinaire; on a aussi noté que la stratégie de l’apport hydrique doit être calculée par rapport au type du sol ou vice-versa; par conséquence c’est le type de sol que détermine la stratégie d’irrigation la plus appropriée. Pour étudier les rapports entre le système racinaire et le feuillage et toute la biomasse il faut tenir en compte l’efficience du système racinaire, particulièrement dans les conditions dans lesquelles les divers effets limitants sont réduits, comme se vérifie dans les endroits secs où on emploie l’irrigation.

The trial was carried out in a Nero d’Avola vineyard, grafted onto 1103Paulsen, and located in Alcamo D.O.C. area (Sicily). Vines were trained to a vertical trellis system, spur pruned and drip irrigated. Three treatments were applied: A) vines grown without irrigation water; B) vines irrigated when the pre-dawn leaf water potential was above -0.7 MPa and to maintain pre-dawn leaf water potential at value below -0.4 MPa until harvest; C) vines irrigated in order to maintain pre-dawn leaf water potential at value below -0.4 MPa, from budbreak to harvest. Three clay soil types were present in the vineyard: Entisol, on the top of the hill, Inceptisol, halfway down the hill and Vertisol, at the bottom of the hill. The distribution of the root system in the different soil types and in relation to the different irrigation treatments was determined by using the contact method. Irrigation was the most important factor in determining the quantity and distribution of roots, even if it was also noted that the irrigation strategy must be calculated in relation to the type of soil or vice-versa, so that the type of soil determines the most suitable irrigation strategy. For the study of the relationships between root systems and area, it is necessary to take the efficiency of the root systems into account, especially in conditions in which the various limiting effects are reduced, as happens in the dry environments where irrigation is used.

DOI:

Publication date: January 12, 2022

Issue: Terroir 2004

Type: Article

Authors

M.G. Barbagallo, P. Costanza, R. Di Lorenzo, E. Gugliotta, A. Pisciotta, * S. Raimondi and T. Santangelo

Dipartimento di Colture Arboree – Università degli Studi di Palermo – Viale delle Scienze, 11 – 90128 Palermo – Italy
*Dipartimento di Agronomia Ambientale e Territoriale – Università degli Studi di Palermo

Contact the author

Keywords

Soil types, irrigation, predawn water potential, root, Nero d’Avola cv

Tags

IVES Conference Series | Terroir 2004

Citation

Related articles…

Effect of the shade generated by simulated solar panels in two row orientation on the physiology and productivity of Vitis vinifera L. cv. Malbec

Context and purpose of the study. In regions where grapevines are grown under irrigation, like most regions in Argentina, the wine industry should adopt more sustainable strategies and production systems towards a higher water use efficiency and a reduction in no-renewable energy consumption.

Aroma and quality assessment for vertical vintages using machine learning modelling based on weather and management information

Wine quality traits are usually given by parameters such as aroma profile, total acidity, alcohol content, colour and phenolic content, among others

INOCULATION OF THE SELECTED METSCHNIKOWIA PULCHERRIMA MP1 AS A BIOPROTECTIVE ALTERNATIVE TO SULFITES TO PREVENT BROWNING OF WHITE GRAPE MUST

Enzymatic browning (BE) of must is caused by polyphenol oxidases (PPOs), tyrosinase and laccase. Both PPOs can oxidize diphenols such as hydroxycinnamic acids (HA) to quinones, which can later polymerize to form melanins [1], which are responsible of BE in white wines and of oxidasic haze in red wines. SO₂ is the main tool used to protect must from BE thanks to its capacity to inhibit PPOs [2]. However, the current trend in winemaking is to reduce and even eliminate this unfriendly additive. Among the different possible alternatives for protecting must against BE, the inoculation with a selected Metschnikowia pulcherrima MP1 is without any doubt one of the most promising ones.

Peptidomics in the wine industry: literature perspectives on functional importance and analytical methods

Winemaking is a globally significant industry in the field of food technology (218 mhL of wine estimated for 2024 harvest) [1], which activity produces tons of by-products annually, including pomace (pulp, stems, seeds, skins), lees, organic acids, CO2, and water [2].

Non-Saccharomyces yeast nitrogen consumption and metabolite production during wine fermentation

Over the last decade, the use of non-Saccharomyces yeasts in the winemaking process has been re-assessed and accepted by winemakers. These yeasts can be used to achieve specific objectives such as lowering the ethanol content, preventing wine spoilage and increasing the production of specific aroma compounds. Since these species are unable to complete alcoholic fermentation, strategies of co- and sequential inoculation of non-Saccharomyces and Saccharomyces cerevisiae have been developed. However, when mixed starter cultures are used, several parameters (e.g. strain yeast, inoculation timing and nutrient competitions) impact the growth of the individual yeasts, the fermentation kinetics and the metabolites/aroma production. In particular, competition for nitrogen compounds could have a major impact, potentially leading to sluggish fermentation when the yeast assimilable nitrogen (YAN) availability is low. Moreover, many aroma compounds produced by the yeasts are directly produced and influenced by nitrogen metabolism such as higher alcohols, acetate esters and ethyl esters which participate in the organoleptic complexity of wine.