A climatic characterisation of the sub-Appellations in the Niagara Peninsula wine region

The Ribera del Duero Designation of Origin (DO) has acquired great recognition during the last decades, being considered one of the highest quality wine producing regions in the world. This DO has grown from 6,460 ha of vineyards officially registered in 1985 to approximately 21,500 ha in 2013. The total grape production stands at around 90 million kg, with an average yield that approaches nearly 4,500 kg/ha. Most vineyards are cultivated under rainfed conditions.

A common problem in wineries is haze formation after bottling, mainly caused by unstable proteins present in white wine. The most used material to eliminate these proteins is bentonite.

Assessing grape composition is critical in vineyard management. It is required to decide the harvest date and to optimize cultural practices toward the achievement of production goals. The grape composition is variable in time and space, as it is affected by the ripening process and depends on soil and climate conditions.

Context and purpose of the study. Climate change in many Mediterranean wine-growing regions is resulting in lower rainfall and higher reference evapotranspiration, generally leading to reduced water availability for vines.

A.O.C. huile d’olive de Nyons et olives noires de Nyons