Terroir 1996 banner
IVES 9 IVES Conference Series 9 From local classification to regional zoning. The use of a geographic information system (GIS) in Franconia / Germany. Part 3: classification of soil parameters in vineyards

From local classification to regional zoning. The use of a geographic information system (GIS) in Franconia / Germany. Part 3: classification of soil parameters in vineyards

Abstract

La conservation de la fertilité du sol est un aspect primordial dans la viticulture durable. Différents paramètres, comme par exemple la topographie, la composition du sol, les conditions climatiques, influencent la fertilité du sol des surfaces viticoes. En ce qui concerne ces paramètres, de nouvelles technologies, telle qu’un SIG, permettent de réunir digitalement les informations sur le sol et le climat. Une représentation cartographique sur un SIG permet l’analyse de contextes complexes, une classification locale et la détermination d’un zonage régional. L’ensemble de ces informations améliore la recherche et simplifie la gestion des surfaces viticoles. Environ 20 % des surfaces viticoles franconiennes se situent sur des pentes escarpées. Ici, la protection du sol est essentielle à la conservation de sa fertilité. De nombreux paramètre du sol, comme sa texture, sa composition, sa teneur en éléments grossiers, l’épaisseur des horizons, le type du paillage, sont saisis dans le SIG. Ensuite, un zonage régional peut être effectué grâce à des types et des groupes de sol permettant par exemple des évaluations régionales de la capacité de stockage de l’eau. L’inclination, l’exposition, la longueur et la forme des surfaces viticoles ainsi que la direction d’écoulement des eaux de surface peuvent être déterminés par une modélisation de terrain en trois dimensions. Combinant les données pluviométriques ce système d’information permet la création de cartes régionales et locales sur le danger d’érosion dans les régions viticoles. Grâce aux paramètres du sol et autres données saisies dans le SIG, comme par exemple les informations sur les précipitations ou la végétation, il est possible d’évaluer quantitativement le déblayage annuel sur les terroirs utilisant le modèle d’érosion PC-ABAG (équivalent de l’USLE = Universal Soif Lass Equation). Grâce à cela on peut classifier le potentiel érosif sur des pentes escarpées à l’aide de cartes du danger d’érosion générées par le SIG et mener une évaluation quantitative du déblayage dans ces terroirs. Ceci permet une planification des mesures de protection contre l’érosion. Pour cette raison, le SIG en viticulture est un excellent instrument de travail pour les chercheurs et conseillers, et les producteurs de raisins en vue de l’analyse, l’enregistrement et l’évaluation des paramètres du sol et du danger d’érosion dans des surfaces viticoles.

The conservation of soil fertility is the first objective in sustainable viticulture. Various parameters as e.g. slope and exposition of vineyards, soil composition, climatic conditions (precipitation), etc. influence the soil fertility of vineyard sites. Considering these parameters, new computer software such as a GIS enables the digital compilation of information on soil and climate. GIS-mapping allows the analysis of complex correlations, creation of local classifications and the establishment of a regional zoning. The synoptical compilation of information by a GIS improves the research and simplifies vineyard management.
About 20 % of the Franconian vineyards are planted on steep slopes. Here, soil conservation is important to preserve soil fertility. Many local soil parameters as type, composition and rock content, thickness of the soil horizon, type of soil covering, etc. are recorded in the GIS. Subsequently, a regional zoning of soil types and groups can be created with help of the GIS.

Besides that, slope, orientation, length and shape of vineyards are deterrnined by a three­dimensional terrain modelling with the GIS. Connected with precipitation data, this enables the generation of local and regional erosion risk maps of viticultural regions. Soil and topographie parameters combined with other data recorded in the GIS, e.g. information on precipitation, type of vineyard (productive/new) and vegetation, allow a quantitative estimation of the average soil erosion per year within vineyards by using the erosion model PC-ABAG (equivalent to the USLE = Universal Sail Lass Equation). Thus, the erosion risk potential of steep slopes can be classified regionally with the help of GIS-generated erosion risk maps and the local quantitative estimation of soil erosion within individual vineyards. This allows planning of erosion protection measures. Therefore, the viticultural GIS is an excellent aid to researchers arid consultants, grape producers and wine growing estates for recording, analysing and assessing soil parameters and erosion risk in vineyards.

 

 

 

DOI:

Publication date: February 16, 2022

Issue: Terroir 2002 

Type: Article

Authors

A. Schwab; S. Königer; S. Michel

Bayerische Landesanstalt für Weinbau und Gartenbau, Abt. Weinbau und Rebenzüchtung, Hermstr. 8, D-97209 Veitshochheim, Germany

Contact the author

Keywords

zonage régional, SIG, sol, fertilité, danger d’érosion
regional zoning, GIS, soil, fertility, erosion risk

Tags

IVES Conference Series | Terroir 2002

Citation

Related articles…

Can the satellite image resolution be improved to support precision agriculture in the vineyard through vegetation indices?

Aim: This study aims to show the application of a new methodological approach to improve the resolution of Sentinel-2A images and derived vegetation indices through the results from different vineyards. 

Influence of grape withering on corvina and corvinone aroma composition

AIM:Valpolicella is a wine region located in Italy north-east, famous for the production of dry and sweet red wines from withered grapes, including Amarone and Recioto. The aim of this study is to understand the influence of the withering process on Corvina and Corvinone wines aroma profiles. METHODS:Wines were produced with a standard red wine winemaking protocol with Corvina and Corvinone grapes from different Valpolicella vineyards and vintages. In consideration of the local traditional practice of post-harvest withering of the grapes, wines from each vineyard were obtained from either fresh and withered grapes. Wines were analysed by Solid Phase Extraction and Solid Phase Micro Extraction gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry.

History of inorganic and isotopic signatures in Champagne over the last century: lessons

The notion of «terroir» refers to the link between the composition, quality and taste of a wine, on the one hand, and its place of origin, on the other. It involves, among other things, the signature of soil elements, as well as the influence of climatic conditions and plant material used. The composition of the wine is also influenced by the winemaking, storage and bottling processes. We were lucky enough to have a time series of the same champagne, from the end of the first world war to the present. On this exceptional time series, we followed, with the most advanced methods, all the elemental signatures by isotopic multi-dilution, the evolution of the isotopic ratios of heavy elements with very high precision of Sr, Pb, B and Cu.

Correlations between N,S,O-heterocycle levels and age of Champagne base wines

Champagne regulation allows winegrowers to stock small amounts of still wines in order to compensate vintages’ quality shifts mainly due to climate variations. According to their technical requirements and house style some Champagne producers (commonly named “Champagne houses”) use these stored wines in the blend in order to introduce an element of complexity. These wines possess the particularity of being aged on fine lees in thermo-regulated stainless steel tanks. The Champagne house of Veuve Clicquot Ponsardin has several wines stored this way.

Genetic identification of 200-year-old Serbian grapevine herbarium

Botanist Andreas Raphael Wolny collected a grapevine herbarium from 1812-1824 in Sremski Karlovci (wine region of Vojvodina, Serbia), which represents local cultivated grapevine diversity before the introduction of grape phylloxera in the region. The herbarium comprises over 100 samples organized into two subcollections based on berry colour (red and white varieties), totaling 47 different grape varieties. The objective of this study was to investigate the historical varietal assortment of Balkan and Pannonian winegrowing areas with long viticulture traditions.