Terroir 1996 banner
IVES 9 IVES Conference Series 9 Identification of natural terroir units for viticulture: Stellenbosch, South Africa

Identification of natural terroir units for viticulture: Stellenbosch, South Africa

Abstract

[English version below]

Une unité de terroir naturel (UTN) peut être définie comme une unité de terre qui est caractérisée par une relative homogénéité topographique, climatique, géologique et pédologique. De telles unités sont de grande valeur pour mieux comprendre le système terroir/vigne/vin. Le but de cette étude est de caractériser la région viticole du Bottelaryberg. – Simonsberg-Helderberg en utilisant une information digitale existante et d’identifier des UTN en utilisant un Système d’information Géographique.

Cette région d’étude est située au sud-ouest de Stellenbosch et couvre approximativement 25 000 ha. Elle est située près de l’Océan Atlantique, bordée par des montagnes et découpée par une vallée produisant une variation spatiale notable de tous les paramètres climatiques. La géologie est complexe en raison de nombreux mouvements tectoniques et mélange de la roche-mère. Malgré un fort degré de variation du sol qui est difficile à représenter dans les associations pédologiques, un schéma de la distribution des sols a pu être noté en relation avec la position du paysage.

Les unités morphologiques de terrain, l’altitude et l’exposition ont été utilisées comme premières clés pour l’identification des UTN. De larges catégories de sols et attributs géologiques pour les sols résiduels ont été inclus à un niveau secondaire aboutissant à 203 unités. Ces unités doivent aussi être caractérisées en fonction de l’étendue à laquelle la proximité de la mer a une influence sur les caractères climatiques ainsi que du potentiel vitivinicole qui leur est associées.

A natural terroir unit (NTU) can be defined as a unit of land that is characterised by relatively homogenous topography, climate, geological substrate and soil. Such units are invaluable for better understanding of the terroir/vine/wine system. The aim of this study was to characterise the Bottelaryberg-Simonsberg-Helderberg wine growing area using existing digital information and to identify NTU using a Geographic Information System.

The study area was situated to the south west of Stellenbosch and covered an area of approximately 25 000 ha. It is bordered by mountains, situated close to the Atlantic Ocean and bisected by a river valley resulting in notable spatial variation of all climatic parameters. The geology is complex due to the high degree of tectonic movement and mixing of parent material. Despite a high degree of soil variation that is difficult to represent in soil associations, a pattern of soil distribution could be noticed in relation to landscape position.

Terrain morphological units, altitude and aspect were used as primary keys for the identification of NTU. Broad soil categories and geological attributes for residual soils were included at a secondary level resulting in 203 units. These units must be characterised with respect to the extent to which proximity to the sea has an influence on climatic characteristics as well as the associated viticultural and oenological potential.

DOI:

Publication date: February 15, 2022

Issue: Terroir 2002

Type: Article

Authors

V.A. CAREY (1,2); E. ARCHER (2) and D. SAAYMAN (3)

(1) ARC lnfruitec-Nietvoorbij, Private Bag X5026, 7599 Stellenbosch, South Africa
(2) Department of Viticulture and Oenology, Stellenbosch University, Private· Bag Xl, 7 602 Mati el and, South Africa
(3) Distell, P.O. Box 184, 7599 Stellenbosch, South Africa

Keywords

Unité de terroir naturel, Système d’information Géographique, topographie, géologie, sol
Natural terroir units, Geographic Information System, topography, geology, soil

Tags

IVES Conference Series | Terroir 2002

Citation

Related articles…

Basic Terroir Unit (U.T.B.) and quality control label for honey; making the designations of origin (A.O.C) and« crus » more coherent

Considérant d’une part la judicieuse mise au point d’un label de qualité contrôlée des miels suisses (STÖCKLI et al. 1997), considérant d’autre part l’élaboration d’une carte des paysages végétaux (HEGG et al. 1993),

The use of viticultural and oenological performance of grapevines to identify terroirs: the example of Sauvignon blanc in Stellenbosch

Identification and characterisation of terroirs depends on knowledge of environmental parameters, functioning of the grapevine and characteristics of the final product. A network of plots of Sauvignon blanc was delimited in commercial vineyards in proximity to weather stations at 20 localities and their viticultural and oenological response was monitored for a period of seven years. These experimental plots were further characterised with respect to climate, soil and topography.

Whole bunch fermentation: adding complexity, or just making ‘green’ wine?

Certain grape varieties contain negligible levels of isobutyl methoxypyrazine (IBMP) in grapes. However, it has long been known that grape stems

Production and technological characteristics of some French clones of the Chardonnay variety in Yugoslavia

L’observation est effectuée entre 1996 et 1998. L’expérience a commencé avec des clones numérotés: 75, 95, 96 et 227 de la variété Chardonnay. Le porte greffe est le Kober 5 BB. La forme de conduite est le cordon. La taille est longue. La densité de plantation est 3,5 x 1 mètre (2857 ceps par 1/ha).

Investigating the impact of grape exposure and UV radiations on rotundone in Vitis vinifera L. Tardif grapes under field trial conditions

Rotundone is the main aroma compound responsible for peppery notes in wines whose biosynthesis is negatively affected by heat and drought. Through the alteration of precipitation regime and the increase in temperature during maturation, climate change is expected to affect wine peppery typicality. In this context there is a demand for developing sustainable viticultural strategies to enhance rotundone accumulation or limit its degradation. It was recently proposed that ultraviolet (UV) radiations could stimulate rotundone production. The aim of this study was to investigate under field trial conditions the impact of grape exposure and UV treatments on rotundone in Vitis vinifera L. Tardif, an almost extinct grape variety from south-west France that can express particularly high rotundone levels. Four different treatments were compared in 2021 to a control treatment using a randomised complete block design with three replications per treatment. Grape exposure was manipulated through early or late defoliation. Leaf and laterals shoots were removed at Eichorn Lorenz growth stages 32 or 34 on the morning-sun side of the canopy. During grape maturation, UV radiations were either reduced by 99% by installing UV radiation-shielding sheets, or applied four times using the Boxilumix™ non thermal device (Asclepios Tech, Tournefeuille) with the aim of activating plant signalling pathway. Loggers displayed in solar radiation shields were used to assess the effect of such shielding sheets on air temperature within the bunch zone. The composition of grapes subjected to these treatments will be soon analysed for their rotundone content and basic classical laboratory analyses. Grapes will be harvested to elaborate wines under standardized small-scale vinification conditions (60kg) that will be assessed by a trained sensory panel.