Terroir 1996 banner
IVES 9 IVES Conference Series 9 Natural variability and vine-growers behaviour

Natural variability and vine-growers behaviour

Abstract

[English version below]

Le vigneron est confronté à une variabilité naturelle omniprésente, liée au millésime et aux facteurs pédoclimatiques. Depuis 10 ans, en Champagne, la relation qu’entretient le vigneron avec l’espace a évolué. Les exemples d’entreprises collectives à vocation territoriale se sont multipliés : gestion de l’hydraulique viticole, maillages de groupements de conseil viticole (Magister), sites en confusion sexuelle, réseau maturation, analyses de sols par secteur, … Parallèlement, au niveau technique, des travaux de caractérisation du milieu naturel ont été initiés début 1990 en Champagne. Un réseau de stations climatiques a été mis en place, des cartographies de sols ont été dressées, et un réseau de parcelles expérimentales long terme est en cours d’implantation, pour mettre en relation les données du milieu naturel avec les caractéristiques des raisins et du vin. Des cartes conseil à 1/25 000 ont été établies : aléas de glissements de terrain, d’érosion, carte d’adaptation des porte-greffes ou d’aptitude à l’enherbement.

Par le biais du suivi de vignerons sur des sites pilotes, et des autodiagnostics de l’exploitation, réalisés dans le cadre de la viticulture raisonnée, on peut considérer les travaux de cartographie comme de réels supports de discussion et de progrès dans le choix des itinéraires culturaux. Reste désormais à valoriser les bases de données caractérisant le milieu naturel et les observations viticoles pour optimiser le choix de sites d’études représentatifs, extrapoler les résultats obtenus auprès des viticulteurs, et affiner une aide à la décision régionalisée.

In relation with natural environment, the vine-grower faces omnipresent natural variability, linked with year and pedoclimatic conditions. Since 10 years, in Champagne, the relation of the winegrower facing space has changed. Examples of collective actions with territorial purpose have increased: viticultural hydraulic management, network of advice viticultural groups, sectors with mating disruption, soil analysis by areas. Concurrently, at a technical level, studies on characterization of the natural factors began in 1990 in the Champagne vineyard: a network of weather stations was installed, soils were mapped, and longtime experimental network of plots is established, to study the relation between natural factors, vine and wine.

Based on these data, advice maps at the scale of 1/25 000 were established. It results from the following up of vine-growers that they consider cartographic studies as real tools to discuss and to make their vine-growing practices progress. The valorization of the data base, coming from the characterization of natural factors and viticultural observations remains, to better choice where to put experimental plots, and to help the vine-growers in their local choices.

DOI:

Publication date: February 15, 2022

Issue: Terroir 2002

Type: Article

Authors

L. PANIGAI, A-F. DOLÉDEC, F. LANGELLIER, D. MONCOMBLE

Comité Interprofessionnel du Vin de Champagne (CIVC)
5 rue Henri Martin, 51200 EPERNAY (France)

Keywords

vignoble champenois, terroir, gestion collective, cartographie
Champagne vineyard, terroir, collective actions, mapping

Tags

IVES Conference Series | Terroir 2002

Citation

Related articles…

Viticultural practices: past, present and future

Practices in viticulture have greatly evolved in the last five decades. There were three objectives: improvement in the quality of the products, reduction in the production costs through mechanization

Determination of steviol glycosides in wine by HPLC

The SCL laboratory in Bordeaux is one of the two official control laboratories for wine and wine products in france, under the authority of the ministry of finance and two of its general directorates: the DGCCRF (directorate general for competition, consumer affairs and fraud control) and the DGDDI (directorate general of customs and excise duties). In this capacity, it verifies the regulatory compliance of wines and investigates any possible falsifications or fraud. Steviol glycosides are natural sweeteners that are not authorized as additives in wine.

Dissecting the polysaccharide‐rich grape cell wall matrix during the red winemaking process, using high‐throughput and fractionation methods

Limited information is available on grape wall-derived polymeric structure/composition and how this changes during fermentation. Commercial winemaking operations use enzymes that target the polysaccharide-rich polymers of the cell walls of grape tissues to clarify musts and extract pigments during the fermentations. In this study we have assessed changes in polysaccharide composition/ turnover throughout the winemaking process by applying recently developed cell wall profiling approaches to both wine and pomace polysaccharides. The methods included gas chromatography for monosaccharide composition (GC-MS), infra-red (IR) spectroscopy and comprehensive microarray polymer profiling
(CoMPP) using cell wall probes.

La place du terroir dans le processus de patrimonialisation : l’exemple des paysages culturels viticoles du patrimoine mondial de l’Unesco

Eleven wine-growing sites are now on the UNESCO World Heritage List as Cultural Landscapes. If the viticultural character of these sites constitutes the main argument for the demonstration of their heritage value, the terroir and its biophysical and environmental characteristics tend however to appear in a minor mode compared to the aesthetic and cultural dimensions. In other words, the “specific characteristics of the soil, topography, climate, landscape and biodiversity” (OIV definition) are most often used as descriptive elements in the presentation of the sites, but it is more the aesthetic, historical,

Fertilization Lysimeters provide new insights into the needs and impacts of N nutrition on table grape performance and fruit yield and quality

Table grape production requires adequate nitrogen (N) supply to sustain vine performance and obtain high yields. However, excess agricultural N fertilization is a major source of groundwater contamination and air pollution. Therefore, there is a strong need for empirically based precision N fertilization schemes in vineyards, for optimizing grape yield and quality while minimizing their environmental impact.
Our aim was to unequivocally quantify table grape N requirements, elucidate the drivers of daily N uptake, and quantify the relationship between fertigation N levels and vine growth, fruit yield, composition, and quality. For this, forty ‘Early Sweet’ (early-maturing, white) and ‘Crimson seedless’ (late-maturing, red) vines were grown in 500L drainage-lysimeters for 2 fruiting seasons, while subjected to five continuous N fertigation treatments ranging from 10 to 200 ppm.