Caractérisation des productions vitivinicoles des terroirs du Barolo (Piemonte, Italie)

Port wine is a fortified wine exclusively produced in the Douro Appellation (Portugal) under very specific conditions resulting from natural and human factors. Its intrinsic aroma characteristics are modulated upon a network of factors, such as the terroir, varieties and winemaking procedures that include a wide set of steps, namely the fortification with grape spirit (ca. 77% v/v ethanol).

According to the Directive EU 2019/633, European Union settled a minimum harmonised framework of rules to ensure the prohibitions of unfair commercial practices in business to business relationship of agrifood sector.

AIM: Oak wood play traditionally a huge role in making fine red wines. During wine maturation, barrel yields some of its constituents to the wine and leads to the improvement of its quality, contributing to richness and complexity [1].

 Temperatures are increasing due to climate change leading to advances in grapevine phenology and sugar accumulation in grape berries.

The total global production of wine in 2021 was estimated at around 250 million hectoliters. The 30% of the total quantity of vinified grapes corresponds to wine by-products that represent nearly 20 million tons, of which 50% corresponds to the European Union. Wine by-products have been used for different purposes, in agriculture, cosmetics, pharmacy, biorefinery, feed, and the food