Terroir 1996 banner
IVES 9 IVES Conference Series 9 Protection juridique du terroir viticole en France

Protection juridique du terroir viticole en France

Abstract

La diversité des sources potentielles d’atteintes au terroir d’une appellation (atteintes physiques, esthétiques, écologiques, atteintes à l’image, à la représentation collective voire, dans une conception large qui ne sera pas retenue ici, au nom géographique identifiant le terroir) s’accompagne d’un éclatement des sources juridiques permettant sa protection. Cette hétérogénéité des sources est sans doute en partie liée à une évolution dans l’appréhension de la notion même de terroir. L’objet de la protection évolue : c’est aujourd’hui tout autant le terroir en tant qu’élément du patrimoine d’exploitation viticole qui est protégé que le terroir en tant qu’élément d’un patrimoine collectif national. Quelques soient ses sources (loi d’orientation ou de modernisation agricole, code de l’urbanisme, code de l’expropriation, réglementation des installations classées pour la protection de l’environnement, loi spécifique aux appellations d’origine contrôlées) la protection juridique des terroirs repose toujours sur la mise en oeuvre de procédés de consultation / concertation. L’avis du ministre de l’Agriculture ou, dans certaines hypothèses, directement de l’INAO doit être sollicité préalablement à un certain nombre d’opérations susceptibles d’affecter des terroirs d’appellation. Si l’autorité administrative concemée n’est pas tenue de suivre l’avis émis, elle est tenue de le solliciter sous peine de voir sa décision entachée d’un vice de procédure.

Par ailleurs, la loi n° 90-558 du 2 juillet 1990 relative aux appellations d’origine contrôlées des produits agricoles ou alimentaires bruts ou transformés donne aux syndicats de défense la possibilité de générer l’intervention d’un avis du ministre de l’Agriculture en toute situation susceptible de porter atteinte au terroir de leur appellation. Ces mécanismes de consultation fonctionnent. Plus de 200 avis ont été rendus en 1995 par l’INAO et leur nombre est en constante augmentation.

DOI:

Publication date: March 25, 2022

Issue: Terroir 1996

Type : Poster

Authors

F. HELIN

INAO 138, Avenue des Champs-Elysées 75008 Paris

Tags

IVES Conference Series | Terroir 1996

Citation

Related articles…

Drought effect on aromatic and phenolic potential of seven recovered grapevine varieties in Castilla-La Mancha region (Spain)

The effects of climate change are seriously affecting the quality of wine grapes. High temperatures and drought cause imbalances in the chemical composition of grapes. The result is overripe grapes with low acidity and high sugar content, which produce wines with excessive alcohol content, lacking in freshness and not very aromatic. As a consequence, the search of varieties with capacity of produce quality grapes in adverse climate conditions is a good alternative to preserve the sustainability of vineyards. In this work, quality parameters of seven Vitis vinifera L. cultivars (five whites and two reds) recently recovered from extinction and grown under two different hydric regimes (rainfed and irrigated) were analyzed during the 2020 vintage. At harvest time, weight of 100 berries, must physicochemical parameters (brix degree, total acidity, malic acid, pH), and carbon and oxygen isotope ratios (δ13C, δ18O) were determined. Subsequently, varietal aroma potential index (IPAv) and total polyphenol index (TPI) were analyzed. Quality parameters, IPAv and TPI, showed significant differences between varieties and water regimes. Both red varieties, Moribel and Tinto Fragoso, stood out for their high aromatic and phenolic potential, which was higher under rainfed regime. Regarding to white varieties, Montonera del Casar and Jarrosuelto stood out in terms of varietal aroma potential. Montonera del Casar high acidity in its musts and Jarrosuelto showed the highest berry weights.

Comparing vineyard irrigation management based in two different approaches: vegetation indices and SIMDualKc model

Water scarcity, high air temperatures, high vapor pressure deficit, and increasing frequency and intensity of extreme climatic events, namely heat waves, exert huge pressure on viticulture, as is the case of Mediterranean climates. Therefore, farmers rely more and more on irrigation to overcome these constraints. Deficit irrigation is a proved strategy to optimize irrigation efficiency and wine quality. The present study intends to demonstrate the application of precision techniques, namely remote sensing derived vegetation indices (VI) and an open source software, SIMDualKc, to compute crop evapotranspiration using the dual crop coefficient approach (Kcb + Ke), for deficit irrigation management.

HOLISTIC APPROXIMATION OF THE INFLUENCE OF SACCHAROMYCES STRAINS ON WINE AROMA PRECURSORS

Wine varietal aroma is the result of a mixture of compounds formed or liberated from specific grape-aroma precursors. Their liberation/formation from their specific precursors can occur spontaneously by acid catalyzed rearrangements or hydrolysis or by the action of the yeast enzymatic activities. The influence of yeast during fermentation on the production of these volatile compounds has been widely studied however, the effect of this influence during aging is not fully understood. In order to evaluate these processes several indirect strategies have been used to study aroma precursors although they are not useful to understand the chemistry of the process.

What metabolomics teaches us about wine shelf life

The metabolomics era started about 22 years ago, and wine was one of the first foodstuff subjects of analysis and investigation by this technique.

AOC valorization of terroir nuances at plot scale in Burgundy

In the highly competitive global wine market, Burgundy has a long-established reputation to maintain. The vine and wine sector in Burgundy is based on a five-level ranking of AOC (Appellation d’Origine Contrôlée) wines and of the plots where the grapes are grown.