WAC 2022 banner
IVES 9 IVES Conference Series 9 WAC 9 WAC 2022 9 1 - WAC - Oral presentations 9 Integrative grape to wine metabolite analyses to study the vineyard “memory” of wine

Integrative grape to wine metabolite analyses to study the vineyard “memory” of wine

Abstract

Wine production is a complex multi-step process and the end-product is not easily defined in terms of composition and quality due to the diversity of the raw materials (grapes) and the biological agents (yeast and bacteria) used/present during the fermentation. Furthermore, linking what happens in the vineyard to the wine fermentation and ultimately to characteristics in the wine during ageing is often attempted in scientific studies, but clear causal relationships between factors are not easy to extract. Most wine research is therefore split along viticultural or oenological experimentation. Oenologists/yeast biologists seek direct links between the yeast fermenting a specific juice and the resulting changes in the wines, whereas viticultural studies explore treatments and their effects on grape production and berry quality parameters. If these studies indeed attempt to link back to the vineyards or the wines respectively, invariably one or more of the steps in the wine system is left unexplored, or being handled as a black box. The scientific challenge and opportunity therefore remains to study wine as a system (from vineyard to tank to barrel to bottle to glass). Our approaches in this regard will be explained by using examples from model vineyards under study where grape berries and their reactions to modulated environmental factors were studied using climatic monitoring in combination with molecular and metabolite profiling of the berries during all stages of development. These characterised grapes were then fermented into wines while continuing the detailed metabolite profiling of the juice and wine matrices. The wines were also subjected to sensory evaluations to complete the analysis of the final products. With these studies, we hope to contribute to the analysis of grape and wine active compounds in a holistic manner in order to identify correlations and predict outcomes under a specific set of conditions.

DOI:

Publication date: June 9, 2022

Issue: WAC 2022

Type: Article

Authors

Melane Vivier

Presenting author

Melane Vivier – South African Grape and Wine Research Institute, Department of Viticulture and Oenology, Stellenbosch University

Contact the author

Tags

IVES Conference Series | WAC 2022

Citation

Related articles…

Landscape study of the Suzette rural district. A vineyard in the heart of the Dentelles de Montmirail

Le territoire de Suzette se développe sur un grand coteau viticole et boisé situé au cœur du site naturel des Dentelles de Montmirail (40km au nord d’Avignon). Ce site est à la fois l’un des pôles d’attraction touristique du département et le lieu d’une production viticole renommée (Gigondas, Vacqueyras, Beaumes de Venise, … ). Cet ensemble remarquable de terrasses viticoles et de crêtes rocheuses et boisées, forme un des paysages emblématiques du Vaucluse. La commune est actuellement soumise à une importante pression foncière due à une forte demande résidentielle. Le paysage du coteau forme et possède de ce fait un patrimoine culturel de valeur et une image de marque importante pour la production viticole locale.

Read More

Emerging pest pressures in viticulture: a brief review of Argyrotaenia Ljungiana in Eastern Europe

As viticulture faces increasing threats from emerging pests, understanding and dealing with new infestations is crucial.

Read More

Learning from remote sensing data: a case study in the Trentino region 

Recent developments in satellite technology have yielded a substantial volume of data, providing a foundation for various machine learning approaches. These applications, utilizing extensive datasets, offer valuable insights into Earth’s conditions. Examples include climate change analysis, risk and damage assessment, water quality evaluation, and crop monitoring. Our study focuses on exploiting satellite thermal and multispectral imaging, and vegetation indexes, such as NDVI, in conjunction with ground truth information about soil type, land usage (forest, urban, crop cultivation), and irrigation water sources in the Trentino region in North-East of Italy.

Read More

PROTEOMIC STUDY OF THE USE OF MANNOPROTEINS BY OENOCOCCUS OENI TO IMPROVE MALOLACTIC FERMENTATION

Malolactic fermentation (MLF) is a desired process to decrease acidity in wine. This fermentation, carried out mostly by Oenococcus oeni, is sometimes challenging due to the wine stress factors affecting this lactic acid bacterium. Wine is a harsh environment for microbial survival due to the presence of ethanol and the low pH, and with limited nutrients that compromise O. oeni development. This may result in slow or stuck fermentations. After the alcoholic fermentation the nutrients that remain in the medium, mainly released by yeast, can be used in a beneficial way by O. oeni during MLF.

Read More

Using atmospheric and statistical models to understand local climate and assess spatial temperature variability at a fine scale over the Stellenbosch wine district, South Africa

Atmospheric and statistical models were used to increase understanding of potential climatic impacts, resulting from mesoscale physical processes that cause significant temperature variability for viticulture within the Stellenbosch Wine of Origin district. Hourly temperature values from 16 automatic weather stations and 40 tinytag data loggers located in the vineyards were analysed.

Read More