WAC 2022 banner
IVES 9 IVES Conference Series 9 WAC 9 WAC 2022 9 1 - WAC - Oral presentations 9 Ultrastructural and chemical analysis of berry skin from two Champagne grapes varieties and in relation to Botrytis cinerea susceptibility

Ultrastructural and chemical analysis of berry skin from two Champagne grapes varieties and in relation to Botrytis cinerea susceptibility

Abstract

Botrytis cinerea is a necrotrophic pathogen that causes one of the most serious diseases of the grapevine (Vitis vinifera), grey mold or Botrytis bunch rot. In Champagne, the Botrytis cinerea disease leads to considerable economic losses for winemakers and wines exhibit organoleptic defaults. The grapevine susceptibility increases with berry ripening, due to a loss of elasticity of the skin and an increase in its permeability. These processes may be related to the morphology of the grape berry skin and its chemical composition, in particular the amount and type of tannins, which provide a protective barrier against the fungus by inhibiting fungal enzymes that gives resistance against the pathogen.

This work investigated the ultrastructure of the grape skin and the amount and type of tannins throughout the berry development of the two main Champagne cultivars: Vitis vinifera cv. Pinot noir and Chardonnay in relation to in vitro susceptibility tests to Botrytis cinerea.

The comparative study between the two main grape cultivars of the Champagne region shows differences in the ultrastructure and composition of tannins, Chardonnay skins are characterized by an organized ultrastructure and elasticity of the cell wall related to a lower sensitivity to Botrytis cinerea. The type of tannins observed in Pinot noir skins is thicker and may contribute to cell wall rigidity and greater sensitivity to Botrytis cinerea.

DOI:

Publication date: June 9, 2022

Issue: WAC 2022

Type: Article

Authors

Marie André, Soizic Lacampagne, Audrey Barsacq, Etienne Gontier, Laurence Mercier, Laurence Gény-Denis, Diane Courot

Presenting author

Marie André – Unité mixte de recherche Œnologie, UMR 1366 Université de Bordeaux, INRAE, Bordeaux INP, ISVV, 33882, Villenave d’Ornon, France

Unité mixte de recherche Œnologie, UMR 1366 Université de Bordeaux, INRAE, Bordeaux INP, ISVV, 33882, Villenave d’Ornon, France | Bordeaux Imaging Center, Université de Bordeaux, UMS 3420, CNRS, INSERM, US 4, 33000 Bordeaux, France | MHCS, Epernay, France

Contact the author

Keywords

skin – ripening – tannins – ultrastructure – Champagne

Tags

IVES Conference Series | WAC 2022

Citation

Related articles…

Le cuivre sur raisins et moûts: dosage et intérêts de la mesure

Avec l’accroissement des surfaces viticoles conduites en Bio, la question de l’impact de la présence de résidus de cuivre (seul anti fongique autorisé dans l’UE dans ce cadre Règlementaire) sur le déroulement des fermentations et sur les qualités œnologiques et organoleptiques des vins s’est révélée de plus en plus cruciale.

Comportement hydrique des sols viticoles et leur influence sur le terroir

L’étude des relations Terroir – Vigne – Raisin est complexe. La recherche et le développement des facteurs qualitatifs qui influencent le caractère des vins sont multiples. Divers travaux mettent en évidence la relation entre l’alimentation en eau de la plante, son développement végétatif et les caractéristiques de ses raisins.

The role of phytoplasma effector interaction with phosphoglucomutase in the pathogenicity of ‘Candidatus Phytoplasma solani’ in grapevine 

Bois noir is the most widespread phytoplasma grapevine disease in Europe. It is associated with ‘Candidatus Phytoplasma solani’. In symptomatic grapevines cv. ‘Zweigelt’ infected with ‘Ca. P. solani’ compared with uninfected grapevines, metabolic pathways associated with phosphorylated sugar production were induced both at the transcriptional level and at the level of activity of the corresponding enzymes (Dermastia et al., 2021, Int. J. Mol. Sci. 22: 3531). In particular, the expression of gene coding for phosphoglucoisomerase was upregulated, resulting in increased phosphoglucoisomerase enzyme activity.

Phenolic characterization of four different red varieties with “Caíño” denomination cultivated in Northwestern Spain

In this work, these four red varieties were characterized in terms of phenolic composition. Thus, the anthocyanin accumulation and the extractability evolution during ripening were compared.

On the relationship between climate and “terroir” at different spatial scales: the input of new methodological tools

Un grand nombre de travaux ont été consacrés à la mise en éyidence et à la quantification de l’effet du climat sur la qualité de la production viticole. IIs ont permis de caractériser les grands types de production à une large échelle géographique, et d’en évaluer les variations interannuelles au niveau des millésimes.