WAC 2022 banner
IVES 9 IVES Conference Series 9 WAC 9 WAC 2022 9 1 - WAC - Oral presentations 9 Ultrastructural and chemical analysis of berry skin from two Champagne grapes varieties and in relation to Botrytis cinerea susceptibility

Ultrastructural and chemical analysis of berry skin from two Champagne grapes varieties and in relation to Botrytis cinerea susceptibility

Abstract

Botrytis cinerea is a necrotrophic pathogen that causes one of the most serious diseases of the grapevine (Vitis vinifera), grey mold or Botrytis bunch rot. In Champagne, the Botrytis cinerea disease leads to considerable economic losses for winemakers and wines exhibit organoleptic defaults. The grapevine susceptibility increases with berry ripening, due to a loss of elasticity of the skin and an increase in its permeability. These processes may be related to the morphology of the grape berry skin and its chemical composition, in particular the amount and type of tannins, which provide a protective barrier against the fungus by inhibiting fungal enzymes that gives resistance against the pathogen.

This work investigated the ultrastructure of the grape skin and the amount and type of tannins throughout the berry development of the two main Champagne cultivars: Vitis vinifera cv. Pinot noir and Chardonnay in relation to in vitro susceptibility tests to Botrytis cinerea.

The comparative study between the two main grape cultivars of the Champagne region shows differences in the ultrastructure and composition of tannins, Chardonnay skins are characterized by an organized ultrastructure and elasticity of the cell wall related to a lower sensitivity to Botrytis cinerea. The type of tannins observed in Pinot noir skins is thicker and may contribute to cell wall rigidity and greater sensitivity to Botrytis cinerea.

DOI:

Publication date: June 9, 2022

Issue: WAC 2022

Type: Article

Authors

Marie André, Soizic Lacampagne, Audrey Barsacq, Etienne Gontier, Laurence Mercier, Laurence Gény-Denis, Diane Courot

Presenting author

Marie André – Unité mixte de recherche Œnologie, UMR 1366 Université de Bordeaux, INRAE, Bordeaux INP, ISVV, 33882, Villenave d’Ornon, France

Unité mixte de recherche Œnologie, UMR 1366 Université de Bordeaux, INRAE, Bordeaux INP, ISVV, 33882, Villenave d’Ornon, France | Bordeaux Imaging Center, Université de Bordeaux, UMS 3420, CNRS, INSERM, US 4, 33000 Bordeaux, France | MHCS, Epernay, France

Contact the author

Keywords

skin – ripening – tannins – ultrastructure – Champagne

Tags

IVES Conference Series | WAC 2022

Citation

Related articles…

Podcasts – Terroir Congress 2020

All about “Australian grapevine stories”

Read More

Characterization of various groups of pyranoanthocyanins in Merlot red wine

In red wines, anthocyanins evolve during the wine-making process and ageing. They react with other compounds (such as vinylphenols, acetaldehyde, pyruvic acid…) to form a stable family of compounds called pyranoanthocyanins. Furthermore, the oxidation process can modify the anthocyanic profile of a red wine. It is also interesting to evaluate the occurrence of the different subclasses of pyranoanthocyanins and to characterize their chemical properties. The first objective of this study is to evaluate the occurrence of the different groups of pyranoanthocyanins in an oxidised Merlot wine by a centrifugal partition chromatography strategy. The second goal is to evaluate their relative impact in red wines from Bordeaux region by measuring their concentrations.

Read More

Oligosaccharides from Vitis vinifera grape seeds: a focus on gentianose as a novel bioactive compound

AIM. Grape seeds (Vitis vinifera) are among the main constituents of grape pomace, also exploited in ingredients for nutraceutics and cosmeceutics, particularly regarding the phenolic fraction. The macromolecules of grape/wine include polyphenols, proteins and polysaccharides.

Read More

Mapping grapevine metabolites in response to pathogen challenge: a Mass Spectrometry Imaging approach

Every year, viticulture is facing several outbreaks caused by established diseases, such as downy mildew and grey mould, which possess different life cycles and modes of infection. To cope with these different aggressors, grapevine must recognize them and arm itself with an arsenal of defense strategies.
The regulation of secondary metabolites is one of the first reactions of plants upon pathogen challenge. Their rapid biosynthesis can highly contribute to strengthen the defense mechanisms allowing the plant to adapt, defend and survive.

Read More

An excessive leaf-fruit ratio reduces the yeast assimilable nitrogen in the must

Yeast assimilable nitrogen (YAN) in the grape must is a key variable for wine quality as a source of aroma precursors. In a situation of YAN deficiency, a foliar urea application upon the vine at veraison enhances YAN concentration and facilitates must fermentation. In 2013, Agroscope investigated the impact of leaf-fruit ratio on the nitrogen (N) assimilation and partitioning in grapevine Vitis vinifera cv. Chasselas following foliar-urea application with the aim of improving its efficiency on the YAN concentration.

Read More