WAC 2022 banner
IVES 9 IVES Conference Series 9 WAC 9 WAC 2022 9 1 - WAC - Oral presentations 9 Ultrastructural and chemical analysis of berry skin from two Champagne grapes varieties and in relation to Botrytis cinerea susceptibility

Ultrastructural and chemical analysis of berry skin from two Champagne grapes varieties and in relation to Botrytis cinerea susceptibility

Abstract

Botrytis cinerea is a necrotrophic pathogen that causes one of the most serious diseases of the grapevine (Vitis vinifera), grey mold or Botrytis bunch rot. In Champagne, the Botrytis cinerea disease leads to considerable economic losses for winemakers and wines exhibit organoleptic defaults. The grapevine susceptibility increases with berry ripening, due to a loss of elasticity of the skin and an increase in its permeability. These processes may be related to the morphology of the grape berry skin and its chemical composition, in particular the amount and type of tannins, which provide a protective barrier against the fungus by inhibiting fungal enzymes that gives resistance against the pathogen.

This work investigated the ultrastructure of the grape skin and the amount and type of tannins throughout the berry development of the two main Champagne cultivars: Vitis vinifera cv. Pinot noir and Chardonnay in relation to in vitro susceptibility tests to Botrytis cinerea.

The comparative study between the two main grape cultivars of the Champagne region shows differences in the ultrastructure and composition of tannins, Chardonnay skins are characterized by an organized ultrastructure and elasticity of the cell wall related to a lower sensitivity to Botrytis cinerea. The type of tannins observed in Pinot noir skins is thicker and may contribute to cell wall rigidity and greater sensitivity to Botrytis cinerea.

DOI:

Publication date: June 9, 2022

Issue: WAC 2022

Type: Article

Authors

Marie André, Soizic Lacampagne, Audrey Barsacq, Etienne Gontier, Laurence Mercier, Laurence Gény-Denis, Diane Courot

Presenting author

Marie André – Unité mixte de recherche Œnologie, UMR 1366 Université de Bordeaux, INRAE, Bordeaux INP, ISVV, 33882, Villenave d’Ornon, France

Unité mixte de recherche Œnologie, UMR 1366 Université de Bordeaux, INRAE, Bordeaux INP, ISVV, 33882, Villenave d’Ornon, France | Bordeaux Imaging Center, Université de Bordeaux, UMS 3420, CNRS, INSERM, US 4, 33000 Bordeaux, France | MHCS, Epernay, France

Contact the author

Keywords

skin – ripening – tannins – ultrastructure – Champagne

Tags

IVES Conference Series | WAC 2022

Citation

Related articles…

Aromas of Riesling wine: impact of bottling and storage conditions

Storage temperature and bottling parameters are among the most important factors, which influence the development of wine after bottling. It is well studied that higher storage temperatures speed up chemical reactions and results in faster wine aging [1,2]. It is also known that higher SO2 level and lower oxygen content provide better protection and longer shelf-life for the wine. At the same time, the mechanisms of chemical transformations of wine aromas during the aging process are not fully understood. In particular, how oxidation reactions contribute to the transformations of varietal aroma compounds.In the present study [3], we investigated the development of Riesling wine depending on a series of bottling conditions, which differed in the free SO2 level in wine (low—13 mg/L, medium—24 mg/L, high—36 mg/L), CO2 treatment of the headspace.

FERMENTATION POTENTIAL OF INDIGENOUS NON-SACCHAROMYCES YEASTS ISOLATED FROM MARAŠTINA GRAPES OF CROATIAN VINEYARDS

The interest in indigenous non-Saccharomyces yeast for use in wine production has increased in recent years because they contribute to the complex character of the wine. The aim of this work was to investigate the fermentation products of ten indigenous strains selected from a collection of native yeasts established at the Institute for Adriatic Crops and Karst Reclamation in 2021, previously isolated from Croatian Maraština grapes, belonging to Hypopichia pseudoburtonii, Metschnikowia pulcherrima, Metschnikowia sinensis, Metschnikowia chrysoperlae, Lachancea thermotolerans, Pichia kluyveri, Hanseniaspora uvarum, Hanseniaspora guillermondii, Hanseniaspora pseudoguillermondii, and Starmerella apicola species, and compare it with commercial non-Saccharomyces and Saccharomyces strains.

How to develop strategies of adaptation to climate change based on a foresight exercise?

Prospective studies raise a real intellectual interest for those who contribute to them or take cognizance of it. But they are often considered too difficult to operationalize

Effect of late pruning on yield and wine composition in monastrell wines

Global warming is shifting vine phenology, resulting in a decoupling of phenolic and technological berry ripening. This is altering the balance of fruit traits, which is key relevance to winegrowers

Grape ripening delaying with combined use of leaf removal and natural shading in Manto negro (Vitis vinifera L.) under deficit irrigation

The increasing frequency of heat waves during grape ripening presents challenges for the production of high-quality wine grapes. This underscores the significance of developing effective irrigation and canopy management techniques to optimize both yield and grape quality.
A field experiment was carried out during 2021 and 2022 using Manto negro wine grapes to study the effect of two irrigation strategies and different light exposure levels on grape quality. In a four-block experimental vineyard at Bodega Ribas in Mallorca, two irrigation treatments—moderate and severe deficit irrigation—were implemented. Within each irrigation plot, three light exposure treatments were randomly assigned, encompassing exposed clusters from pea size, non-exposed clusters, and shaded clusters after softening.