Polyphenols in kombucha: impact of infusion time on extraction and investigation of their behavior during “fermentation”

The wine market interest for autochthonous varieties, particularly from less known wine regions, has significantly raised in the past few years. In that context, Slovenia, a small country from central Europe with a long winemaking tradition, is getting more and more attention, particularly through its range of unique regional varieties. Among them, Zelen, meaning “green” in Slovene, can only be found in the Vipava valley region, located on the western side of the country, near the border with Italy. When they are young, Zelen wines display very singular aromas reminiscent of rosemary, sage and white fruit. Despite its uniqueness, Zelen wine aromatic typicality is poorly documented in the literature.

The grapes producing and wine making regions are différent in their use of agricultural, industrial or agroindustrial means. These means are quite often very original and/or specialised; and lately are also quite competitive. Such means are being defined with increased accuracy in the delimitation and definition of its characteristics (Paneque et al., 1996 a). Human action together with other Elements and Agents involved in the vine growing production (Reyner, 1989) over these means lead to agronomic systems with important characteristics. Finally, the transformation of the vine growing production, through different technologies (Fleet, 1992), results in the creation of products with a different acceptance and economical value in the market.

Franconia which is a “cool climate” winegrowing region is well known for its fruity white wines. The most common grape cultivars are Silvaner and Mueller-Thurgau.

We depict the main features of five viticulture agroclimatic indices for 626 wine growing regions within 41 countries.

The economic importance of grapevine as a crop plant makes Vitis vinífera a good model system to study the improvement of the nutraceutical properties of food products (Vezulli et al. 2007). Stilbenes in general, and trans-resveratrol in particular, have been reported to be responsible for various beneficial effects. Resveratrol´s biological properties include antibacteria and antifungal effects, as well as cardioprotective, neuroprotective and anticâncer actions (Guerrero et al. 2010 ). Stilbenes can be induced by biotic and abiotic elicitors since they are phytoalexins (Bavaresco et al. 2001).