terclim by ICS banner
IVES 9 IVES Conference Series 9 International Congress on Grapevine and Wine Sciences 9 2ICGWS-2023 9 Integrative study of Vitis biodiversity for next-generation breeding of grapevine rootstocks 

Integrative study of Vitis biodiversity for next-generation breeding of grapevine rootstocks 

Abstract

Drought is one of the main challenges for viticulture in the context of global change. The choice of rootstock could be leveraged for vineyard adaptation to drought as we can improve plant performance without modifying the scion variety. However, most of the existing rootstocks, selected over a century ago, have a narrow genetic background which could compromise their adaptive potential. Thus, there is a scope for innovation in grapevine rootstock varieties by exploiting a wider range of wild Vitis species. The aim of this study was to investigate the drought adaptation potential of a wide range of previously unexplored wild Vitis species, integrating information at different biological scales: from genomics, transcriptomics and metabolomics to developmental and functional root traits. Our hypothesis is that metabolites can be considered as intermediate phenotypes in roots because they are expected to be mechanistically related to more complex root phenotypes. For these purposes, we investigated genetic differentiation between species and variability within species using SNPs obtained from Illumina paired-end whole genome sequencing (4k project)[1]. In addition, we characterized the response of cuttings from 12 American, Asian and Eurasian wild Vitis species (50 accessions in total) to moderate drought, during 1 month in a greenhouse experiment, with a focus on root morphological, functional and molecular responses (transcriptomics and metabolomics). We identified variability among species in root osmotic adjustment, an important mechanism of drought tolerance[2]. The link between root osmotic potential and metabolites differentially accumulated in response to drought was analyzed. The results obtained in this work will help to identify new genetic resources to be used in rootstocks breeding programs to improve drought adaptation. In addition, we will provide tools to accelerate the screening of desirable traits in rootstocks using intermediate molecular phenotypes as proxies of complex root responses.

Acknowledgements:

We received funding from INRAE, University of Bordeaux (project PurVitis), Nouvelle-Aquitaine region (project VitiScope) and CNIV. We acknowledge Maria Lafargue, Cyril Hevin, Nicolas Hocquard and Jean-Pierre Petit for their help with the plant material preparation.

1)  Dong, Y.,et al. (2023). Dual domestications and origin of traits in grapevine evolution. Science, 379(6635), 892‑901.
2)  Blum, A. (2017). Osmotic adjustment is a prime drought stress adaptive engine in support of plant production. Plant, Cell & Environment, 40(1), 4‑10.

DOI:

Publication date: October 3, 2023

Issue: ICGWS 2023

Type: Article

Authors

Marina de Miguel1*, Etienne R. Patin1, Elsa Chedid1, Enrique Saez-Laguna2, Ander del Sol Iturralde3, Usue Pérez-Lopez3, Jean-Pascal Tandonnet1, Pierre-François Bert1, Philippe Vivin1, Elisa Marguerit1, Sarah Cookson1, Nathalie Ollat1

1 EGFV, Univ. Bordeaux, Bordeaux Sciences Agro, INRAE, ISVV, 33882 Villenave d’Ornon, France
2 INRAE, Univ. Bordeaux, BIOGECO, Cestas, France
3 Departamento de Biología Vegetal y Ecología, Facultad de Ciencia y Tecnología, Universidad del País Vasco, UPV/EHU, Apdo. 644, 48080, Bilbao, Spain

Contact the author*

Keywords

genetic variability, drought, metabolomics, osmotic adjustment, roots

Tags

2ICGWS | ICGWS | ICGWS 2023 | IVES Conference Series

Citation

Related articles…

Evaluation of terroir suitability for vine cultivation in new areas using geographic multi-criteria decision support

Based on historical vine cultivation, the recent development of wine production in Drama wine region (Greece) has led to vine cultivation expansion of white and red varieties. The current cultivation of 500 ha of vineyards is expected to increase in the coming years. Natural terroir units (NTU) have been designed recently to support the production of high quality wines in the region [1]. The aim of this work is to evaluate the relevancy of the proposed NTUs regarding their suitability to produce wines of specific sensorial identity, and to provide guidelines for correct site selection for the expanding wine industry of the region.

Read More

Investigating the Ancient Egyptian wines: The wine jars database

In Ancient Egypt, wine was a luxury product consumed mainly by the upper classes and the royal family and offered to gods in daily religious rituals in the temples.
Since the Predynastic (4000-3100 BC) period, wine jars were placed in tombs as funerary offerings. From the Old Kingdom (2680-2160 BC) to the Greco-Roman (332 BC-395 AD) period, viticulture and winemaking scenes were depicted on the private tombs’ walls. During the New Kingdom (1539-1075 BC), wine jars were inscribed to indicate: vintage year, product, quality, provenance, property and winemaker’s name and title.

Read More

Volatile composition of Cabernet Sauvignon wines from Argentina, Portugal and Spain

Cabernet Sauvignon is one of the most cultivated grape varieties worldwide being grown in different environmental conditions due to its excellent adaptability. Volatile compounds deeply contribute to the sensory properties of wines therefore to wine quality. The aim of this work was to compare the aroma profile of Cabernet Sauvignon wines from different geographical areas and climatic conditions, namely from Argentina, Portugal and Spain, from the vintage 2022. In addition, the volatile composition of the Cabernet Sauvignon Portuguese wines from three vintages was evaluated.

Read More

Crown procyanidin quantification in red wines, rosé wines and Port wines

Condensed grape tannins play a major role in the organoleptic properties and quality of red wine. Recently, a new sub-family of macrocyclic condensed tannins has been identified in red wine and named “crown tannins”. Indeed, the first compound of the family identified and characterised by NMR was the crown procyanidin tetramer which is composed of a macrocyclic structure composed of four (-)-epicatechins link together by B-type interflavanoid linkage in the following an alternative sequences of C4-C8 and C4-C6 linkage. The 3D structure of this unusual crown procyanidin family reveals a central cavity in the molecule [1].

Read More

Polyphenol content of cork granulates at different steps of the manufacturing process of microagglomerated stoppers treated with supercritical CO2 used for wine bottling

The wine closure industry is mainly divided into three categories: screw caps, synthetic closures, and cork-based closures. Among this latter, microagglomerated cork stoppers treated with supercritical CO2 are now widely used, especially to avoid cork taint contaminations[1]. They are designed with cork granules obtained from cork offcuts of the punching process during the natural cork stoppers production. A previous study[2] showed that these stoppers released fewer polyphenols in 12 % (v/v) hydroalcoholic solution than natural cork stoppers.

Read More