terclim by ICS banner
IVES 9 IVES Conference Series 9 International Congress on Grapevine and Wine Sciences 9 2ICGWS-2023 9 Integrative study of Vitis biodiversity for next-generation breeding of grapevine rootstocks 

Integrative study of Vitis biodiversity for next-generation breeding of grapevine rootstocks 

Abstract

Drought is one of the main challenges for viticulture in the context of global change. The choice of rootstock could be leveraged for vineyard adaptation to drought as we can improve plant performance without modifying the scion variety. However, most of the existing rootstocks, selected over a century ago, have a narrow genetic background which could compromise their adaptive potential. Thus, there is a scope for innovation in grapevine rootstock varieties by exploiting a wider range of wild Vitis species. The aim of this study was to investigate the drought adaptation potential of a wide range of previously unexplored wild Vitis species, integrating information at different biological scales: from genomics, transcriptomics and metabolomics to developmental and functional root traits. Our hypothesis is that metabolites can be considered as intermediate phenotypes in roots because they are expected to be mechanistically related to more complex root phenotypes. For these purposes, we investigated genetic differentiation between species and variability within species using SNPs obtained from Illumina paired-end whole genome sequencing (4k project)[1]. In addition, we characterized the response of cuttings from 12 American, Asian and Eurasian wild Vitis species (50 accessions in total) to moderate drought, during 1 month in a greenhouse experiment, with a focus on root morphological, functional and molecular responses (transcriptomics and metabolomics). We identified variability among species in root osmotic adjustment, an important mechanism of drought tolerance[2]. The link between root osmotic potential and metabolites differentially accumulated in response to drought was analyzed. The results obtained in this work will help to identify new genetic resources to be used in rootstocks breeding programs to improve drought adaptation. In addition, we will provide tools to accelerate the screening of desirable traits in rootstocks using intermediate molecular phenotypes as proxies of complex root responses.

Acknowledgements:

We received funding from INRAE, University of Bordeaux (project PurVitis), Nouvelle-Aquitaine region (project VitiScope) and CNIV. We acknowledge Maria Lafargue, Cyril Hevin, Nicolas Hocquard and Jean-Pierre Petit for their help with the plant material preparation.

1)  Dong, Y.,et al. (2023). Dual domestications and origin of traits in grapevine evolution. Science, 379(6635), 892‑901.
2)  Blum, A. (2017). Osmotic adjustment is a prime drought stress adaptive engine in support of plant production. Plant, Cell & Environment, 40(1), 4‑10.

DOI:

Publication date: October 3, 2023

Issue: ICGWS 2023

Type: Article

Authors

Marina de Miguel1*, Etienne R. Patin1, Elsa Chedid1, Enrique Saez-Laguna2, Ander del Sol Iturralde3, Usue Pérez-Lopez3, Jean-Pascal Tandonnet1, Pierre-François Bert1, Philippe Vivin1, Elisa Marguerit1, Sarah Cookson1, Nathalie Ollat1

1 EGFV, Univ. Bordeaux, Bordeaux Sciences Agro, INRAE, ISVV, 33882 Villenave d’Ornon, France
2 INRAE, Univ. Bordeaux, BIOGECO, Cestas, France
3 Departamento de Biología Vegetal y Ecología, Facultad de Ciencia y Tecnología, Universidad del País Vasco, UPV/EHU, Apdo. 644, 48080, Bilbao, Spain

Contact the author*

Keywords

genetic variability, drought, metabolomics, osmotic adjustment, roots

Tags

2ICGWS | ICGWS | ICGWS 2023 | IVES Conference Series

Citation

Related articles…

Molecularly imprinted polymers: an innovative strategy for harvesting polyphenoles from grape seed extracts

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a multifactorial autoimmune disease associating demyelination and axonal degeneration developing in young adults and affecting 2–3 million people worldwide. Plant polyphenols endowed with many therapeutic benefits associated with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties represent highly interesting new potential therapeutic strategies. We recently showed the safety and high efficiency of grape seed extract (GSE), a complex mixture of polyphenolics compounds comprising notably flavonoids and proanthocyanidins, in an experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) mouse model of MS.

Read More

Evaluation of terroir suitability for vine cultivation in new areas using geographic multi-criteria decision support

Based on historical vine cultivation, the recent development of wine production in Drama wine region (Greece) has led to vine cultivation expansion of white and red varieties. The current cultivation of 500 ha of vineyards is expected to increase in the coming years. Natural terroir units (NTU) have been designed recently to support the production of high quality wines in the region [1]. The aim of this work is to evaluate the relevancy of the proposed NTUs regarding their suitability to produce wines of specific sensorial identity, and to provide guidelines for correct site selection for the expanding wine industry of the region.

Read More

Predicting provenance and grapevine cultivar implementing machine learning on vineyard soil microbiome data: implications in grapevine breeding

The plant rhizosphere microbial communities are an essential component of plant microbiota, which is crucial for sustaining the production of healthy crops. The main drivers of the composition of such communities are the growing environment and the planted genotype. Recent viticulture studies focus on understanding the effects of these factors on soil microbial composition since microbial biodiversity is an important determinant of plant phenotype, and of wine’s organoleptic properties. Microbial biodiversity of different wine regions, for instance, is an important determinant of wine terroir.

Read More

Effect of irrigation in cover cropping vineyards

Cover cropping in vineyard is a sustainable and alternative soil management system to conventional tillage that is gaining more and more importance among winegrowers and is being promoted, among other organizations, by the European Union through the eco-schemes of the Common Agricultural Policy.
However, the use of cover crops in Mediterranean viticultural environments is conditioned, to a large extent, by the availability of irrigation water which, in a context of global warming like the one we are experiencing, must be adjusted to savings strategies, supplying to the vine only what it needs in each moment.

Read More

Genetic identification of 200-year-old Serbian grapevine herbarium

Botanist Andreas Raphael Wolny collected a grapevine herbarium from 1812-1824 in Sremski Karlovci (wine region of Vojvodina, Serbia), which represents local cultivated grapevine diversity before the introduction of grape phylloxera in the region. The herbarium comprises over 100 samples organized into two subcollections based on berry colour (red and white varieties), totaling 47 different grape varieties. The objective of this study was to investigate the historical varietal assortment of Balkan and Pannonian winegrowing areas with long viticulture traditions.

Read More