terclim by ICS banner
IVES 9 IVES Conference Series 9 International Congress on Grapevine and Wine Sciences 9 2ICGWS-2023 9 Integrative study of Vitis biodiversity for next-generation breeding of grapevine rootstocks 

Integrative study of Vitis biodiversity for next-generation breeding of grapevine rootstocks 

Abstract

Drought is one of the main challenges for viticulture in the context of global change. The choice of rootstock could be leveraged for vineyard adaptation to drought as we can improve plant performance without modifying the scion variety. However, most of the existing rootstocks, selected over a century ago, have a narrow genetic background which could compromise their adaptive potential. Thus, there is a scope for innovation in grapevine rootstock varieties by exploiting a wider range of wild Vitis species. The aim of this study was to investigate the drought adaptation potential of a wide range of previously unexplored wild Vitis species, integrating information at different biological scales: from genomics, transcriptomics and metabolomics to developmental and functional root traits. Our hypothesis is that metabolites can be considered as intermediate phenotypes in roots because they are expected to be mechanistically related to more complex root phenotypes. For these purposes, we investigated genetic differentiation between species and variability within species using SNPs obtained from Illumina paired-end whole genome sequencing (4k project)[1]. In addition, we characterized the response of cuttings from 12 American, Asian and Eurasian wild Vitis species (50 accessions in total) to moderate drought, during 1 month in a greenhouse experiment, with a focus on root morphological, functional and molecular responses (transcriptomics and metabolomics). We identified variability among species in root osmotic adjustment, an important mechanism of drought tolerance[2]. The link between root osmotic potential and metabolites differentially accumulated in response to drought was analyzed. The results obtained in this work will help to identify new genetic resources to be used in rootstocks breeding programs to improve drought adaptation. In addition, we will provide tools to accelerate the screening of desirable traits in rootstocks using intermediate molecular phenotypes as proxies of complex root responses.

Acknowledgements:

We received funding from INRAE, University of Bordeaux (project PurVitis), Nouvelle-Aquitaine region (project VitiScope) and CNIV. We acknowledge Maria Lafargue, Cyril Hevin, Nicolas Hocquard and Jean-Pierre Petit for their help with the plant material preparation.

1)  Dong, Y.,et al. (2023). Dual domestications and origin of traits in grapevine evolution. Science, 379(6635), 892‑901.
2)  Blum, A. (2017). Osmotic adjustment is a prime drought stress adaptive engine in support of plant production. Plant, Cell & Environment, 40(1), 4‑10.

DOI:

Publication date: October 3, 2023

Issue: ICGWS 2023

Type: Article

Authors

Marina de Miguel1*, Etienne R. Patin1, Elsa Chedid1, Enrique Saez-Laguna2, Ander del Sol Iturralde3, Usue Pérez-Lopez3, Jean-Pascal Tandonnet1, Pierre-François Bert1, Philippe Vivin1, Elisa Marguerit1, Sarah Cookson1, Nathalie Ollat1

1 EGFV, Univ. Bordeaux, Bordeaux Sciences Agro, INRAE, ISVV, 33882 Villenave d’Ornon, France
2 INRAE, Univ. Bordeaux, BIOGECO, Cestas, France
3 Departamento de Biología Vegetal y Ecología, Facultad de Ciencia y Tecnología, Universidad del País Vasco, UPV/EHU, Apdo. 644, 48080, Bilbao, Spain

Contact the author*

Keywords

genetic variability, drought, metabolomics, osmotic adjustment, roots

Tags

2ICGWS | ICGWS | ICGWS 2023 | IVES Conference Series

Citation

Related articles…

Assessment of plant water consumption rates under climate change conditions through an automated modular platform

The impact of climate change is noticeable in the present weather, making water scarcity the most immediate mediator reducing the performance and viability of crops, including grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.). The present study developed a system (hardware, firmware, and software) for the determination of plant water use through changes in weight through a period. The aim is to measure the differences in grapevine water consumption in response to climate change (+4oC and 700 ppm) under controlled conditions. The results reveal a correlation between daily plant consumption rates and reference evapotranspiration (ETo).

Read More

Exploring relationships among grapevine chemical and physiological parameters and mycobiome composition under drought stress

Improving our knowledge on biotic and abiotic factors that influence the composition of the grapevine mycobiome is of great agricultural significance, due to potential effects on plant health, productivity, and wine characteristics. Among the various environmental factors affecting the morphological, physiological, biochemical and molecular attributes of grapevine, drought stress is one of the most severe, becoming increasingly an issue worldwide.

Read More

Cover crop management and termination timing have different effects on the maturation and water potentials of Glera (Vitis vinifera L.) in Friuli-Venezia Giulia

Inter-row soil tillage in vineyards, stimulates vigor and production due to the absence of competition for water and nutrients, however negatively affects organic matter content, soil erosion, and compaction, resulting in reduced fertility. In this study, we investigated the effects of different cover crop management approaches, including cultivation type and termination timing, on the physiological and productive responses of a Glera vineyard.
The experimental trial was conducted in Precenicco (UD) from 2019 to 2021. A commercial mixture for autumn cover cropping was sown in alternating rows, and the sowing pattern was changed each year.

Read More

Induction of polyphenols in seedlings of Vitis vinifera cv. Monastrell by the application of elicitors

Contamination problems arising from the use of pesticides in viticulture have raised concerns. One of the alternatives to reduce contamination is the use of elicitors, molecules capable of stimulating the natural defences of plants, promoting the production of phenolic compounds (PC) that offer protection against biotic and abiotic stress. Previous studies on Cabernet-Sauvignon seedlings demonstrated that foliar application of elicitors methyl jasmonate (MeJ) and benzothiadiazole (BTH) increased proteins and PC involved in grapevine defence mechanisms. However, no trials had been conducted on Monastrell seedlings, a major winegrape variety in Spain.

Read More

Optimization of the acquisition of NIR spectrum in grape must and wine 

The characterization of chemical compounds related with quality of grape must and wine is relevant for the viticulture and enology fields. Analytical methods used for these analyses require expensive instrumentation as well as a long sample preparation processes and the use of chemical solvents. On the other hand, near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy technique is a simple, fast and non-destructive method for the detection of chemical composition showing a fingerprint of the sample. It has been reported the potential of NIR spectroscopy to measure some enological parameters such as alcohol content, pH, organic acids, glycerol, reducing sugars and phenolic compounds.

Read More