terclim by ICS banner
IVES 9 IVES Conference Series 9 International Congress on Grapevine and Wine Sciences 9 2ICGWS-2023 9 High-throughput sequencing analysis based on nematode indices revealed healthier soils of organic vineyards 

High-throughput sequencing analysis based on nematode indices revealed healthier soils of organic vineyards 

Abstract

Proper soil health assessments are crucial for sustainable cropland. Among the widely employed approaches, evaluating nematode community structure is particularly suitable. Traditionally, the taxonomic characterization of soil nematodes has relied on time-consuming morphology-based methods requiring experienced experts. However, molecular tools like high-throughput sequencing have emerged as efficient alternatives. In this study, we performed a metataxonomic analysis of soil samples collected from 57 vineyards in the DOCa Rioja region of Northern Spain, focusing on the impact of organic viticulture and cover cropping compared to integrated pest management (IPM) and tilling practices. Our goal was to investigate the potential benefits of organic viticulture and cover cropping on the quality and biodiversity of vineyard soils. The soil samples were collected to a depth of 20 cm, and the vineyards were categorized based on their pest and soil management strategies. Employing specific primers and following the Illumina amplicon protocol, we conducted sequencing on the Illumina MiSeq platform (2×300 bp). The resulting data underwent bioinformatics analysis utilizing Qiime2 and the SILVA v138.1 database to explore biodiversity measures and differentially abundant taxa. Over 80 taxonomic groups (genus/family) of nematodes were identified and utilized for calculating nematode-based indices using the NINJA platform. Findings showed no significant differences between cover cropping and tilling practices but for pest management. Thus, organic viticulture increased the α-biodiversity of soil nematodes, and nematode-based indices revealed raised environmental disturbance, higher occurrence of plant-parasitic nematodes of adverse implications for crop health, and declined soil food web structure in IPM vineyards. In conclusion, this approach appears well suited to assess vineyard soil health.

DOI:

Publication date: October 3, 2023

Issue: ICGWS 2023

Type: Article

Authors

Rubén Blanco-Pérez1*, María de Toro2, Sara Sánchez-Moreno3, Sergio Álvarez-Ortega4, Alícia Pou1, Raquel Campos-Herrera1

1 Instituto de Ciencias de la Vid y del Vino (CSIC-Univ. de La Rioja-Gobierno de La Rioja), Logroño, Spain.
Centro de Investigación Biomédica de La Rioja (CIBIR), Logroño, Spain.
Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA-CSIC), Madrid, Spain.
Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Madrid, Spain.

Contact the author*

Keywords

bioindicators, cover cropping, DNA-metabarcoding, pest management, tillage

Tags

2ICGWS | ICGWS | ICGWS 2023 | IVES Conference Series

Citation

Related articles…

A sensometabolomic approach to understand wine mouthfeel percepts

Targeted analytical methods can overlook compounds that are a priori unknown to play a role in the mouthfeel sensations. This limitation can be overcome with the information provided by untargeted metabolomic analysis using UPLC‐QTOF-MS. To this end, an untargeted metabolomic approach applied to 42 red wines has allowed development of a model with predictive capacity by cross-validation for the “dry”, “oily” and “unctuous” sensations perceived by a sensory panel. The optimal PLS model for “dry” retained compounds with positive regression coefficients (≥ 0.17) including a trimer procyanidin, a peptide, and four anthocyanins.

Biodiversity and biocontrol ability of Trichoderma natural populations in soil vineyards from Castilla y León region (Spain)

Trichoderma is a microorganism present in many agricultural soils and some of its species could be used as natural biological control agents. In this work, the presence of natural populations of Trichoderma was estimated in soil vineyard and its biocontrol capacity against Phaeoacremonium minimum, one of the main agent causals of grapevine trunk diseases instead of using pesticides. Moreover, physicochemical variables in soil such as pH, organic matter and nutrients were evaluated to determine a possible correlation to natural populations of Trichoderma.

The colour pattern of flower arrangements influence wine tasters’ sensory description

The arrangements of flowers and wine counterparts are inextricably linked. Whether a fundamental aspect of tablescaping or acolytes to broader entertainment rituals, they have an entangled history since ancient times. The aim of this contribution is to verify the influence of visually delicate and robust flower arrangements on individual description of wines. Changes in the sensory description of wines were investigated during subjects’ (thirty-two participants) exposure to three different conditions: the presence of delicate, robust, or totally absent flower arrangements. In each condition, the same two wines were blind tasted: a wine previously defined as delicate – a Pinot Noir from Australia, and a wine known for its robust character – a Tannat from Uruguay.

Effects of heat and water stress on grapevine health: primary and secondary metabolism

Grapevine resilience to climate change has become one of the most pressing topics in the Viticulture & Enology field. Vineyard health demands understanding the mechanisms that explain the direct and indirect interactions between environmental stressors. The current climate change scenario, where drought and heat-wave are more frequent and intense, strongly demands improving our knowledge of environmental stresses. During a heatwave, the ambient temperature rises above the plant’s average tolerance threshold and, generally, above 35 oC plant’s adaptation to heat stress is activated.

Survey of pesticide residues in vineyard soils from the Denomination of Origin Ribeiro

Vineyards from mild temperature, high humidity locations receive often treatments with fungicides to prevent damages produced by fungi responsible for mildium, oidium and botrytis infections. In addition, insecticides are also applied to vineyards to fight again pests, which affect directly, or indirectly (as vectors of different diseases), their productivity. A fraction of the above compounds reaches the soil of vineyards, either during application, or when released from the canopy of vines due to rain-wash-off. Thereafter, depending on soil conditions (pH, organic matter) and environmental variables (regimen of rain, slope of vineyards), they might persist in this compartment, be degraded and/or transferred to water masses, modifying the biodiversity of soils and/or affecting the quality of water reservoirs.