terclim by ICS banner
IVES 9 IVES Conference Series 9 International Congress on Grapevine and Wine Sciences 9 2ICGWS-2023 9 Effect of biological control agents on grapevine rhizosphere microbiome and grapevine defenses

Effect of biological control agents on grapevine rhizosphere microbiome and grapevine defenses

Abstract

Plant diseases are a major obstacle to crop production. The main approaches to battle plant diseases, consist of synthetic chemicals to attack infecting pathogens. However, concerns are increasing about the effects of chemicals in the environment, leading to an increase in the use of biocontrol agents (BCAs), due to their assets, such as, antagonism, and competition. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that the introduction of Bacillus subtilis PTA-271 (Bs PTA-271) and Trichoderma atroviride SC1 (Ta SC1) produce distinctive modifications in the composition and network structure of the grapevine rhizosphere microbial community, as well as grapevine induced defenses. Therefore, we tested the effect of Ta SC1and Bs PTA-271, on grapevine rhizosphere bacterial and fungal microbiome, and plant gene expression, in two different soil types (clay and sandy soil). Additionally, we specifically quantified Ta SC1 and Bs PTA-271 in rhizosphere of both soil types. To do that, we used novel molecular approaches, such as high-throughput amplicon sequencing (HTAS), droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) and real-time PCR (qPCR). The results suggest that Bs PTA-271 established better in clay soil, where although its quantity was low at 30dpi, it was maintained at 90dpi. In contrast, Ta SC1 established better in sandy soil, with a lower quantity, that increased overtime. Regarding the BCAs impact on rhizosphere microbiome, bacterial diversity was not affected by any BCA application. However, inoculations with Ta SC1 significantly reduced fungal diversity. Ta SC1 applications affected the relationships between microorganisms, however this effect was clearer in clay soil. According to the selected plant defense markers, plants living in sandy soil appeared more impacted to BCA inoculation. Ta SC1 plants treated in sandy soil demonstrated a strong suppression defense genes 24hpi, that conversed in strong simulated defenses 4dpi, with a significant overexpression of PAL and STS. On the other hand, in clay soil, BCA-treated plants showed a slight increase in the expression of plant defense genes 24hpi, that intensifies 4dpi. In conclusion, the effect of Bs PTA-271 and Ta SC1 in grapevine rhizosphere appears to be soil-dependent, where a sandy soil favors the fungal BCA (Ta SC1) establishment, while a clay soil favors the bacterial BCA (Bs PTA-271) establishment.

DOI:

Publication date: October 4, 2023

Issue: ICGWS 2023

Type: Article

Authors

Catarina Leal1, Rebeca Bujanda1, Josep Armengol2, Patricia Trotel-Aziz3, Florence Fontaine3, Ales Eichmeier4, David Gramaje1

1Instituto de Ciencias de la Vid y del Vino (ICVV), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas – Universidad de la Rioja – Gobierno de La Rioja, Ctra. LO-20 Salida 13, Finca La Grajera, 26071 Logroño, Spain
2Instituto Agroflorestal Mediterráneo, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera S/N, 46022 Valencia, Spain
3University of Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Résistance Induite et Bioprotection des Plantes Research Unit, EA 4707, INRAE USC 1488, SFR Condorcet FR CNRS 3417, Reims, France
4Mendeleum—Institute of Genetics, Mendel University in Brno, Valticka 334, 691 44 Lednice, Czech Republic

Contact the author*

Keywords

Bacillus spp., biocontrol, ddPCR, grapevine, microbiome, next generation sequencing, rhizosphere, Trichoderma spp.

Tags

2ICGWS | ICGWS | ICGWS 2023 | IVES Conference Series

Citation

Related articles…

Anthocyanin content and composition of Merlot grapes under temperature and late pruning conditions 

One of the main aspects of Climate Change is the increase of temperatures during summer and grape maturity period. Physiological processes are influenced by these high temperatures and result in grapes with higher sugar concentration, less acidity and less anthocyanin content among other quality changes. One strategy to deal with the climate change effects is the implementation of late winter pruning to alter the effect of high temperatures during key periods by delays in maturity time.

Read More

Effect of abiotic stress and grape variety on amino acid and polyamine composition of red grape berries

Vines are exposed to environmental conditions that cause abiotic stress on the plants (drought, nutrient and mineral deficits, salinity, etc.). Polyamines are growth regulators involved in various physiological processes, as in abiotic plant stress responses. Stressful conditions can modify grape’s composition, and in this work, we have focused on studying the effect of abiotic stress on the composition of polyamines and amino acids in grapes. In addition, the effect of grape variety on these compounds has been studied.

Read More

Genetic identification of 200-year-old Serbian grapevine herbarium

Botanist Andreas Raphael Wolny collected a grapevine herbarium from 1812-1824 in Sremski Karlovci (wine region of Vojvodina, Serbia), which represents local cultivated grapevine diversity before the introduction of grape phylloxera in the region. The herbarium comprises over 100 samples organized into two subcollections based on berry colour (red and white varieties), totaling 47 different grape varieties. The objective of this study was to investigate the historical varietal assortment of Balkan and Pannonian winegrowing areas with long viticulture traditions.

Read More

Aroma characterization of mold resistant base wines for sparkling wine produced in a warm-temperate area at two different altitudes

In a recent context where consumers pay an increasing attention to sustainability and eco-friendly aspects in the decision-making process, the use of the resistant varieties in the wine sector have returned to the attention. In this context, the use of mould-resistant grape varieties would be an opportunity for sparkling wine producers as it can reduced the pesticide utilization in grape management and hence production costs.
However, the use of the resistant varieties to produce the base wine may be strongly influenced due to its requirements for a particular balance between sugars and acidity to ensure the quality of the final product. In addition, the aromatic profile of base wine plays a crucial role in the perception of the quality of the sparkling wine.

Read More

Symbiotic microorganisms application in vineyards: impacts on grapevine performance and microbiome

Microorganism-based inoculants have been suggested as a viable solution to mitigate the adverse effects of climate change on viticulture. However, the actual effectiveness of these inoculants when applied under field conditions remains a challenge, and their effects on the existing soil microbiota are still uncertain. This study investigates the impact of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi inoculation on grapevine performance and microbiome. The study was conducted in a vineyard of Callet cultivar in Binissalem, Mallorca, Spain. Two different treatments were applied: control and inoculation with commercial mycorrhizae complex of Rhizoglomus irregulare applied to plants through irrigation.

Read More