terclim by ICS banner
IVES 9 IVES Conference Series 9 International Congress on Grapevine and Wine Sciences 9 2ICGWS-2023 9 Genetic prospecting of rainfed viticulture in the region with the largest cultivated area in Chile

Genetic prospecting of rainfed viticulture in the region with the largest cultivated area in Chile

Abstract

The Maule region hosts up to a third of the total area of vineyards in Chile, in an environment where ancient practices inherited from the colonial past coexist with modernity and dynamism that include technified irrigation and fine vines. In the dry land of Maule there is a viticulture that has subsisted with ancient vines and traditions transmitted over generations, and there is little clarity about the origin and classification of the Maule viticulture, giving rise to the use of different concepts as synonyms to describe the ancient, minority, patrimonial or Criollas vines. In order to characterize and protect the ancient material, we studied the genetic diversity of a territorial collection that covers 80% of the communes of the region, prioritizing plants established more than 40-60 years ago. The genetic analysis was performed with 27 SSR genetic markers. The primary analysis allowed us to identify varieties previously registered as modern, traditional of colonial origin, others post phylloxera and finally the group of Criollas vines derived from crosses between those of colonial origin. Secondary analysis allowed us to identify the genealogy and genetic diversity of the ancient material. In the Criollas family, up to 20 new F1 genotypes, derived from the old vines of colonial origin, have been identified, some of them are widely propagated throughout the region and the country, finally a second generation Criolla was also identified. The very low rate of self-pollination events, the clonal propagation of the created material and the existence of several dozens of Criollas genotypes suggest the early appearance of breeding activities with South American identity during the colonial past and not necessarily from natural origin.

Financed by FIC-R GORE MAULE Code BIP 40.018.935-0 and FIA PYT 0036 2020

DOI:

Publication date: October 4, 2023

Issue: ICGWS 2023

Type: Article

Authors

Nilo Mejía1*, Irina Díaz2, Ángela González2 y Nallatt Ocarez1

1Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias, INIA Centro Regional La Platina. Avenida Santa Rosa 11610, La Pintana, Santiago, Chile
2 Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias, INIA Centro Regional de Investigación Raihuén. Avenida Esperanza s/n Estación Villa Alegre, Linares, Chile

Contact the author*

Keywords

criollas, fingerprinting, grapevine genetics, ancient vitiviniculture

Tags

2ICGWS | ICGWS | ICGWS 2023 | IVES Conference Series

Citation

Related articles…

INTEGRAPE guidelines and tools: an effort of COST Action CA17111

INTEGRAPE was a European interdisciplinary network for “data integration to maximize the power of omics for grapevine improvement” (CA17111, https://integrape.eu/), funded by the European COST Association from September 2018 to 2022. This Action successfully developed guidelines and tools for data management and promoted the best practices in grapevine omics studies with a holistic future vision of: “Imagine having all data on grapevine accessible in a single place”.

Read More

Green pruning of shoots to force new sprouting of buds, in fruit set and in pea size: vegetative, productive and maturation effects, in cv. Verdejo

The context of climate crisis leads to the acceleration of technological ripening of grapes, with unsuitable loss of acidity, so various vineyard management alternatives are being considered to delay the grape ripening. The delay of the vegetative cycle towards a period of milder temperatures affects ripening, but vine behavior can vary according to the area, conduction, watering, variety, etc. A work is proposed to know the response to the green pruning of shoots, executed in fruit set and in pea size, in cv. Verdejo.

Read More

Study of Spanish wine sensory analysis data over a 3-year period

This study presents an investigation based on sensory analysis data of Spanish wines with geographical indications collected over a three-year period. Sensory analysis plays a crucial role in assessing the quality, characteristics, and perception of wines. The trained tasting panel at Dolmar Laboratory, accredited for objective sensory evaluation of wines since 2016, has been tasting over 5000 wines. However, it is since 2021, when a computer application for tastings was developed, that the digitalization of data allows for detailed statistical analysis of the results.

Read More

Integrative study of Vitis biodiversity for next-generation breeding of grapevine rootstocks 

Drought is one of the main challenges for viticulture in the context of global change. The choice of rootstock could be leveraged for vineyard adaptation to drought as we can improve plant performance without modifying the scion variety. However, most of the existing rootstocks, selected over a century ago, have a narrow genetic background which could compromise their adaptive potential.

Read More

“Compost Application in the Vineyard: Effects on Soil Nutrition and Compaction”

The mechanization of pruning and harvesting in vineyards has increased the risk of soil compaction. To reclaim soil properties or avoid this degradation process, it is crucial to properly manage the soil organic matter, and the application of compost derived from the vines themselves is a strategy to achieve this. The objective of this study was to evaluate the properties of soil treated with different doses of compost applied both on the vine row and the inter rows of a Vitis vinifera crop.

Read More