terclim by ICS banner
IVES 9 IVES Conference Series 9 International Congress on Grapevine and Wine Sciences 9 2ICGWS-2023 9 Bioprotection of grape must by Metschnikowia sp.: genericity and mechanism

Bioprotection of grape must by Metschnikowia sp.: genericity and mechanism

Abstract

The market trend heads to food products with less chemical inputs, including in oenology. During the winemaking process, sulfites are commonly use to avoid microbiological contamination and stabilization of the wine thanks to its antimicrobial and antioxidant activities. Nevertheless, this use is not without consequences on human health and environment, leading for example to allergic reaction and pollution. A biological alternative to these sulfites has emerges: the bioprotection. This method consists to inoculate at the pre-fermentation stage, a microorganism able to inhibit the growth of the negative indigenous flora. The genus Metschnikowia is well know to have this bioprotection property, especially M. pulcherrima and M. fructicola, but the mechanisms remain poorly studied. This project aims to study the bioprotection abilities of 50 strains of Metschnikowia, including 16 species, against Gluconobacter oxydansand Brettanomyces bruxellensis, both known to lead to defects in organoleptic properties of the wine. To investigate the bioprotection effect, grape juice was inoculated with Metschnikowia sp. and G. oxydans or Metschnikowia sp. And B. bruxellensis. The capacity of Metschnikowia to inhibit G. oxydans growth was evaluated for 7 days by plate counting and by digital PCR for B. bruxellensis. In parallel, Metschnikowia species are inoculated in synthetic grape must to quantify the production of the acid pulcherriminic precursor. This acid is considered as a way for the yeast to compete for iron in the medium, and thus as a method of bioprotection. The results show a diversity in the bioprotection effect towards the spoilage microorganisms and in the production of the acid pulcherriminic precursor. The bioprotection could be an alternative in the sustainable pre-fermentative management of winemaking process.

Acknowledgements: We were grateful to Région Occitanie and INRAE MICA department for funding this project.

DOI:

Publication date: October 5, 2023

Issue: ICGWS 2023

Type: Article

Authors

Julie Aragno1, Angèle Thiriet2, Pascale Fernandez-Valle1, Cécile Grondin2, Jean-Luc Legras1,2, Carole Camarasa1, Audrey Bloem1

1 UMR SPO, Université Montpellier, INRAE, Institut Agro, Montpellier, France
2 CIRM Levures, UMR SPO, Montpellier

Contact the author*

Keywords

alcoholic fermentation, bioprotection, Metschnikowia sp., diversity

Tags

2ICGWS | ICGWS | ICGWS 2023 | IVES Conference Series

Citation

Related articles…

Water and nutritional savings shape non-structural carbohydrates in grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) cuttings

Global changes and sustainability challenge researchers in saving water and nutrients. The response of woody crops, which can be forced at facing more drought events during their life, is particularly important. Vitis vinifera can be an important model for its relevance in countries subjected to climate changes and its breeding, requiring cuttings plantation and strong pruning.

Late pruning, an alternative for rainfed vine varieties facing new climatic conditions

In Chile there is a dry farming area known as a traditional wine region, where varieties brought by the Spanish conquerors still persist. These varieties, in general, are cultivated under traditional systems, with low use of technical and economic resources, and low profitability for their grapes and wines. In this region, as in other wine grape growing areas, climatic conditions have changed significantly in recent decades. In particular, the occurrence of spring frosts, when bud break has already begun, have generated significant losses for these growers.

Reduction of the height of the canopy in fruit set and in pea size: vegetative, productive and maturation effects, in cv. Verdejo

Global warming is accelerating the technological ripening of the grape, with a loss of acidity, which requires that vineyard management can delay ripening to avoid it. The source-sink relation is essential for grape ripening, since it affects the distribution of photosynthates and substances derived from plant metabolism. A work is proposed to know the response of the vineyard to the drastic reduction of the foliar surface by trim down the shoots in cv.

Identification of loci associated with specialised metabolites in Vitis vinifera

Secondary (or specialised) metabolites such as terpenes and phenolic compounds are produced by plants for various roles which include defence against pathogens and herbivores, protection against abiotic stress, and plant signalling. Additionally, these metabolites influence grapevine quality traits such as colour, aroma, taste, and nutritional value. However, the biosynthesis of these metabolites is often complex and controlled by multiple genes which in grapevine are predominantly uncharacterised.

Water availability at budbreak time in vineyards that are deficitary irrigated during the summer: Effect on must volatile composition


In recent years, Mediterranean regions are being affected by marked climate changes, primarily characterized by reduced precipitation, greater concurrence of temperature extremes and drought during the growing season, and increased inter-annual variability in temperatures and rainfall. Generally, high-quality red wines need moderate water deficit. Hence, irrigation may be needed to avoid severe vine water stress occurring in some vintages and soils with low holding capacity. The aim of this work was to evaluate the effects of soil recharge irrigation in pre-sprouting and summer irrigation every week (30 % ETO) from the pea size state until the end of ripening (RP) compared to exclusively summer irrigation every week (R) in the same way that RP, on must volatile composition at harvest.