terclim by ICS banner
IVES 9 IVES Conference Series 9 International Congress on Grapevine and Wine Sciences 9 2ICGWS-2023 9 Pre-breeding for developing heat stress resilient grape varieties to ensure yield 

Pre-breeding for developing heat stress resilient grape varieties to ensure yield 

Abstract

Climate change has numerous detrimental consequences and creates new challenges for viticulture around the world. Transitory or constant high temperatures frequently associated with an excess of sunlight (UV) can cause a variety of physiological disorders, such as sunburn. Diverse environmental factors and the plant’s response mechanisms to stress determine the symptoms. Grapevine berry sunburn leads to a drastic reduction in yield, and may eventually decline berry quality. Consequently, this poses a significant risk to the winegrowers. Therefore, the development of sunburn-resilient grape varieties is one of the imperative and effective strategies for sustainable viticulture in the future. The biodiversity of the genus Vitis provides a wide range of opportunities for developing sunburn-resilient grape varieties. In this perspective, the primary aim is to establish a laboratory-based phenotyping pipeline to monitor heat stress damage, thereby obviating the requirement for the ideal heat stress conditions in the field. Subsequently, using this tool we aim to determine the genomic area(s) responsible for heat stress resilience. The study utilizes a standard quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping and genome-wide association studies strategy, followed by identifying and characterizing the genes. The findings of such genetic variation facilitate an improved understanding of the mechanisms underlying heat stress resilience. Additionally, molecular markers will eventually enable screening for heat stress resilience using marker-assisted selection (MAS) and extend options for early selection considerably. Thus, this opens up new strategies for the efficient breeding of novel grapevine varieties better adapted to climate change.

Acknowledgements: We gratefully appreciate the Interreg for funding the project KliWiReSSE

DOI:

Publication date: October 6, 2023

Issue: ICGWS 2023

Type: Poster

Authors

Malagol, Nagarjun; Herzog, Katja; Schwander, Florian; Töpfer, Reinhard; Trapp, Oliver

Julius Kühn-Institut, Institute for Grapevine Breeding Geilweilerhof, Siebeldingen, Germany

Contact the author*

Keywords

Vitis vinifera, heat stress, climate resilience, sunburn, QTL, MAS

Tags

2ICGWS | ICGWS | ICGWS 2023 | IVES Conference Series

Citation

Related articles…

Reconstructing ancient microbial fermentation genomes from the wine residues of Herod, Roman king of Judea

The fortress of the Herodium, built towards the end of the first century BCE/ante Cristo, on the orders of Herod the Great, Roman client king of Judea, attests the expansion of Roman influence in the eastern Mediterranean. During archaeological excavations of the Herodium in 2017[1], a winery was discovered on the ground floor of the palace, with an assortment of clay vessels in situ, including large dolia – clay fermentation vessels each capable of fermenting up to 300-400 L of wine. Thanks to the recent progresses in the field of paleogenomics[2], we could analyse the organic material consistent with grape pomace at the bottom of these vessels, by extracting and sequencing the DNA using shotgun metagenomics and targeted capture, aiming for enrichment of DNA from fermentation associated microbes.

Genetic variation among wild grapes native to Japan

Domesticated grapes are assumed to have originated in the Middle East. However, a considerable number of species are native in East Asian countries such as China, Korea and Japan as well. Evidence suggests that a total of seven species and eight varieties have been found to be native to Japan. A wide level variation in morphology, genetic and fruit composition exist in wild grape native to Japan.

Moderate wine consumption – part of a balanced diet or a health risk?

Consumption of wine/alcoholic beverages remains a topic of great uncertainty and controversy worldwide. The term “no safe level” dominates the media communication and policy ever since population studies in 2018 [1,2] were published, which denied the existence of a J-curve and suggested that ANY consumption of an alcoholic beverage is harmful to health. The scientific evidence accumulated during the past decades about the health benefits of moderate wine consumption, were questioned and drinking guidelines considered to be too loose.

Investigation of cellulose nanofiber-based films used as a protective layer to reduce absorption of smoke phenols into wine grapes

Volatile phenols from wildfire smoke are absorbed by wine grapes, resulting in undesirable smoky and ashy sensory attributes in the affected wine.[1] Unfortunately the severity of wildfires is increasing, particularly when grapes are ripening on the vine. The unwanted flavors of the wine prompted a need for solutions to prevent the uptake of smoke compounds into wine grapes. Films using cellulose nanofibers as the coating forming matrix were developed as an innovative means to prevent smoke phenols from entering Pinot noir grapes. Different film formulations were tested by incorporating low methoxy pectin or chitosan.

Effect of irrigation in cover cropping vineyards

Cover cropping in vineyard is a sustainable and alternative soil management system to conventional tillage that is gaining more and more importance among winegrowers and is being promoted, among other organizations, by the European Union through the eco-schemes of the Common Agricultural Policy.
However, the use of cover crops in Mediterranean viticultural environments is conditioned, to a large extent, by the availability of irrigation water which, in a context of global warming like the one we are experiencing, must be adjusted to savings strategies, supplying to the vine only what it needs in each moment.