terclim by ICS banner
IVES 9 IVES Conference Series 9 International Congress on Grapevine and Wine Sciences 9 2ICGWS-2023 9 Nitrogen forms and Iron deficiency: how do Grapevine rootstocks responses change?

Nitrogen forms and Iron deficiency: how do Grapevine rootstocks responses change?

Abstract

Grapevine rootstocks provide protection against environmental biotic and abiotic stresses. Nitrogen (N) and iron (Fe) are growth-limiting factors in many crop plants due to their effects on the chlorophyll and photosynthetic characteristics. Iron nutrition of plants can be significantly affected by different nitrogen forms through altering the uptake ratio of cations and anions, and changing rhizosphere pH. The aim of this study was to investigate the response mechanisms of grapevine rootstocks due to the interaction between different nitrogen forms and iron uptake. Rooted woody cuttings of the rootstocks Fercal (V. berlandieri x V. vinifera) and Couderc 3309 (V. riparia x V. rupestris) were grown within a hydroponic system (Kick-Brauckmann, 7.5 L pots) filled with modified half-strength Hoagland solution under semi-controlled climatic glasshouse conditions in 2021. Plants were grown with or without FeNa(III)- EDTA, and with two  NO3– /NH4+ ratios (100:0; 50:50). The results could differentiate iron deficiency effects, nitrogen form effects and rootstock effects. Interveinal chlorosis of young leaves appeared earlier on 3309C from the second week of treatment with NO3–/NH4+ (100:0)/-Fe, while Fercal leaves showed less severe symptoms after four weeks of treatment, corresponding with chlorophyll concentrations lower by 75% for 3309C and 57% for Fercal. The treatment NO3–/NH4+(50:50)/+Fe had significantly higher biomass compared with NO3–/NH4+(100:0)/+Fe in both rootstocks while results with NO3–/NH4+(100:0)/-Fe were lowest. Ferric chelate reductase (FCR) activity was specifically increased under iron deficiency in Fercal with both N combinations, whereas 3309C showed an increase in FCR activity just with NO3–/NH4+ (50:50). These first results indicate that rootstocks differ in their preference on both the physiological and molecular level depending on the nitrogen form and in interaction with iron deficiency stress.

References:

1) Nasar, J. et al. (2022). Nitrogen fertilization coupled with iron foliar application improves the photosynthetic characteristics, photosynthetic nitrogen use efficiency, and the related enzymes of maize crops under different planting patterns. Front. Plant Sci. 13, 988055.
2) Yin, H. et al. (2020). Effect of ammonium and nitrate supplies on nitrogen and sucrose metabolism of cabernet sauvignon (Vitis vinifera cv.). J. Sci. Food Agric.100(14), 5239–5250. doi: 10.1002/jsfa.10574.

DOI:

Publication date: October 9, 2023

Issue: ICGWS 2023

Type: Poster

Authors

Khalil, Sarhan1*; Griesser, Michaela1; Tomasi, Nicola2; Zanin, Laura2; Lodovici, Arianna2; Forneck, Astrid1

1 University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna (BOKU), Institute of Viticulture and Pomology, Korad-Lorenz-Straße 24, 3430 Tulln an der Donau, Austria.
2 University of Udine, Department of Agricultural, Food, Environmental and Animal Sciences, Via delle Scienze, 206 – 33100 – Udine, Italy.

Contact the author*

Keywords

grapevine, rootstock, nitrate, ammonium, iron, ferric chelate reductase

Tags

2ICGWS | ICGWS | ICGWS 2023 | IVES Conference Series

Citation

Related articles…

Defoliation combined with exogenous ABA application results in slower ripening and improved anthocyanin profile

Reducing sugar accumulation in grape (Vitis vinifera L.) berries may be a way to mitigate the effect of climate change. Managing canopy and crop load is an effective way to do so, however, reducing canopy size has been demonstrated to induce undesirable effects on anthocyanins. The aim of this study was to test if an application of exogenous ABA on the grape berries of defoliated vines (⅔ of the leaves removed) can result in slower sugar accumulation while maintaining grape and wine quality. An experiment with defoliation and exogenous ABA application on directly on clusters (factorial design 2×2) was performed with ‘Tempranillo’ fruit-bearing cuttings.

Read More

Foliar application of urea improved the nitrogen composition of Chenin grapes

The nitrogen composition of the grapes directly affects the developments of alcoholic fermentation and influences the final aromatic composition of the wines. The aim of this study was to determine the effect and efficiency of foliar applications of urea on the nitrogen composition of grapes. This study was carried out during 2023 vintage and in the Chenin vineyard located in Estacion Experimental Mendoza (Argentina). Three urea concentrations 3, 6 and 9 Kg N/ha (C1, C2, and C3, respectively) and control (T) were applied in this vineyard at veraison. In all solutions were added 1ml/l of Tween 80 ® surfactant.

Read More

Effects of heat and water stress on grapevine health: primary and secondary metabolism

Grapevine resilience to climate change has become one of the most pressing topics in the Viticulture & Enology field. Vineyard health demands understanding the mechanisms that explain the direct and indirect interactions between environmental stressors. The current climate change scenario, where drought and heat-wave are more frequent and intense, strongly demands improving our knowledge of environmental stresses. During a heatwave, the ambient temperature rises above the plant’s average tolerance threshold and, generally, above 35 oC plant’s adaptation to heat stress is activated.

Read More

Bioprotection of grape must by Metschnikowia sp.: genericity and mechanism

The market trend heads to food products with less chemical inputs, including in oenology. During the winemaking process, sulfites are commonly use to avoid microbiological contamination and stabilization of the wine thanks to its antimicrobial and antioxidant activities. Nevertheless, this use is not without consequences on human health and environment, leading for example to allergic reaction and pollution. A biological alternative to these sulfites has emerges: the bioprotection.

Read More

Acceptability of canned wines: effect of the level of involvement of consumers and type of wine

In recent years there has been a growing demand for alternative packaging designs in the food industry focused on diminishing the carbon footprint. Despite the environmental advantages of cans versus bottles, the traditional environment of wine has hindered the establishment of less contaminant containers. In this context, the objective of this study was to understand and generate knowledge about consumers´ perception of canned wines in comparison to bottled wines.

Read More