OENO IVAS 2019 banner
IVES 9 IVES Conference Series 9 OENO IVAS 9 OENO IVAS 2019 9 Analytical developments from grape to wine, spirits : omics, chemometrics approaches… 9 D-wines: use of LC-MS metabolomic space to discriminate italian mono-varietal red wines

D-wines: use of LC-MS metabolomic space to discriminate italian mono-varietal red wines

Abstract

Studying wine metabolome through multiple targeted methods is complicated and limitative; since grapes, yeasts, bacteria, oxygen, enological techniques and wine aging collaborate to deliver one of the richest metabolomic fingerprint. Therefore, untargeted metabolomics, that developed and evolved as a consequence of the need to obtain a comprehensive characterization of the organic molecules in any biological sample, is the current methodology offering the best coverage of wine metabolome. Taking into account the large genetic diversity, the diversity of the climate and of the agronomical practices, and the wide winemaking culture characterizing the Italian wines, the metabolomic untargeted approach appears as an appropriate analytical tool to study such metabolic space. 

According to the national project D-Wines, 110 single-cultivar red wines from the 2016 vintage were collected directly from wineries across different regions of Italy: Sangiovese from Tuscany and Romagna, Nebbiolo from Piemont, Aglianico from Campania, Nerello Mascalese from Sicily, Primitivo from Apulia, Raboso and Corvina from Veneto, Cannonau from Sardinia, Teroldego from Trentino, Sagrantino from Umbria, and Montepulciano from Abruzzo. The wines were analyzed according to a well-defined RP-UPLC-HRMS-QTOF-MS protocol. 

The results of the data analysis, after their validation: a) confirmed untargeted LC-MS-based metabolomics as a powerful authenticity tool; b) provided indications about the similarity between the cultivars, clustering the wines in three major groups (Primitivo – Nebbiolo, Corvina, Raboso, Sangiovese – Teroldego, Sagrantino, Cannonau, Nerello, Aglianico, Montepulciano); c) furnished a rich list of putative markers characterizing each cultivar, where Primitivo, Teroldego and Nebbiolo had the maximum number of unique putative markers; d) revealed that the putative markers were not only phenolic metabolites; and e) pointed out rt/mz chromatographic sections helpful to distinguish each cultivar from the others. 

This study, together with other D-Wines analytical results, is directed to understand the diversity of Italian red wines and to characterize them in term of metabolic space coverage/variability and taste and in consequence comprehend better their quality. 

Acknowledgements

MIUR project N. 20157RN44Y. A. Curioni, A. Gambuti, V. Gerbi, S. Giacosa, G.P. Parpinello, D. Perenzoni, P. Piombino, A. Rinaldi, S. Río Segade, B. Simonato, G. Tornielli, S. Vincenzi

DOI:

Publication date: June 19, 2020

Issue: OENO IVAS 2019

Type: Article

Authors

Panagiotis Arapitsas, Maurizio Ugliano, Matteo Marangon, Luigi Moio, Luca Rolle, Andrea Versari, Fulvio Mattivi

Department of Food Quality and Nutrition, Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, San Michele all’Adige (Italy)
Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona (Italy)
Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment, University of Padova (Italy)
Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Avellino (Italy); Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie, Forestali e Alimentari, Universitàdi Torino (Italy)
Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences, University of Bologna (Italy); Centre Agriculture Food Environment, University of Trento (Italy)

Contact the author

Keywords

mass spectrometry, wine authenticity, bioinformatics, metabolomics 

Tags

IVES Conference Series | OENO IVAS 2019

Citation

Related articles…

Evaluation of winegrape anthocyanins in the vineyard using a portable fluorimetric sensor: seasonal and water regime effects

Accumulation of anthocyanins (Anth) on whole winegrape (Vitis vinifera L.) bunches attached to the vine was monitored by a fluorescence-based sensor (Multiplex) on ‘Aleatico’ and ‘Nero d’Avola’. Different water regimes were applied.

Simulating climate change impact on viticultural systems in historical and emergent vineyards

Global climate change affects regional climates and hold implications for wine growing regions worldwide. Although winegrowers are constantly adapting to internal and external factors, it seems relevant to develop tools, which will allow them to better define actual and future agro-climatic potentials. Within this context, we develop a modelling approach, able to simulate the impact of environmental conditions and constraints on vine behaviour and to highlight potential adaptation strategies according to different climate change scenarios. Our modeling approach, named SEVE (Simulating Environmental impacts on Viticultural Ecosystems), provides a generic modeling framework for simulating grapevine growth and berry ripening under different conditions and constraints (slope, aspect, soil type, climate variability…) as well as production strategies and adaptation rules according to climate change scenarios. Each activity is represented by an autonomous agent able to react and adapt its reaction to the variability of environmental constraints. Using this model, we have recently analyzed the evolution of vineyards’ exposure to climatic risks (frost, pathogen risk, heat wave) and the adaptation strategies potentially implemented by the winegrowers. This approach, implemented for two climate change scenarios, has been initiated in France on traditional (Loire Valley) and emerging (Brittany) vineyards. The objective is to identify the time horizons of adaptations and new opportunities in these two regions. Carried out in collaboration with wine growers, this approach aims to better understand the variability of climate change impacts at local scale in the medium and long term.

Viticultural parameters and enological performance of six Merlot clones in two contrasting vintages

Vitis vinifera L. and other Vitis have high genetic variations for cultivars or varieties. Many countries carried out strong efforts creating new clones of varieties, mainly focusing on plants free of viruses and other grapevine diseases, but also on different agronomical and enological characteristics of the plants. The aim of this study was to evaluate six clones of Merlot in the traditional viticulture of southeastern Brazil, focusing on distinct characteristics of yield, enological potential of grapes and wine typicality, in order to improve wine quality.

Diversity in grape composition for sugars and acidity opens options to mitigate the effect of warming during ripening

The marked climate change impact on vine and grape development (phenology, sugar content, acidity …) is one of the manifestations of Genotype X Environment X Management interactions importance in viticulture. Some practices, such as irrigation, can mitigate the effect of water deficit on grape development, but warming is much more difficult to challenge. High temperatures tend to alter the acid balance of the fruit with a parallel increase in sugar concentration. In the long term, genetic improvement to select varieties better coping with temperature elevation appear as a good option to support sustainable viticulture. Nevertheless, the existing phenotypic diversity for grape quality components that are influenced by temperature is poorly understood, which jeopardizes breeding strategies.

Impact of deficit irrigation strategies on terpene concentration in Gewürztraminer grapes

Deficit irrigation is a viticultural practice often applied to improve the phenolic composition of red grapes and wines. However, the impact of this practice on grape terpenes – key aromatics for several grapes and wines – remains largely unknown. This study investigated the impact of deficit irrigation strategies on free and glycosylated terpenes in Gewürztraminer grapes. In a field study conducted in Oliver, BC, in 2016, 2017, and 2018, deficit irrigation regimes were applied to Gewürztraminer vines at different developmental stages (pre-veraison = Early Deficit, ED; post-veraison = Late Deficit, LD; throughout the season = Prolonged Deficit, PD). A well-irrigated control (CN) treatment was also established.