terclim by ICS banner
IVES 9 IVES Conference Series 9 Open-GPB 9 Open-GPB-2024 9 Flash - Abiotic interactions 9 Drought affects vineyard soil microbiome: approach to select micro-organisms adapted to drought

Drought affects vineyard soil microbiome: approach to select micro-organisms adapted to drought

Abstract

Climate transition with frequent heat waves and long drought periods threatens grapevine productivity and wine quality in the Mediterranean regions. Microorganisms are known to contribute to plant fitness and to stimulate plant resilience against biotic and abiotic factors.  
In this work, it was assessed the impact of long-term drought on soil microbiome associated to grapevine in open field in Alentejo, renowned Portuguese wine region.
Soil and plant tissues of drought tolerant Syrah cultivar exposed to three irrigation levels (100%- FI,  50%-DI ETc; rain-fed–NI) for 5 years were sampled for two years (2022-2023). Metabarcoding analysis of soil bacteria (16S V4 rRNA) and fungi (ITS sub-region) were integrated with soil physiochemical properties and leaves´ physiological data. Pre-dawn leaf water potential and stomatal conductance confirmed the imposed drought scenarios. Even though, α- and β-diversity of prokaryotic and eukaryotic microbial communities differed more by season than water availability, samples clustered according to soil water content and pH (p<0.05). Fungal communities show higher differences in the structure across treatments than bacteria. In 2023, 16 bacterial against 61 fungal ASVs were significatively different in abundance between NI and FI. Beijerinckiaceae, Bradyrhizobiaceae (Alphaproteobacteria) and Nocardioidaceae, Streptomycetaceae (Actinobacteria) families resulted to be significatively more abundant in NI, while Ascomycota, Basidyomicota and Mortierellomycota are the most important fungal phyla in NI.  
With culturomics data, this study aims to gather insights into how soil microbiome is remodelled under drought and contribute to select bacterial and fungal taxa with potential to mitigate drought stress in vineyards.

DOI:

Publication date: June 13, 2024

Issue: Open GPB 2024

Type: Article

Authors

Gianmaria Califano1,2*, Júlio Lucena Maciel1Olfa Zarrouk3,4, Miguel Damásio5, Jose Silvestre5, Ana Margarida Fortes1,2

1Faculdade de Ciências, University of Lisbon, Portugal
2BioISI, Faculdade de Ciências, University of Lisbon, Portugal
3LEAF – Linking Landscape, Environment, Agriculture and Food Research Centre, Associate Laboratory TERRA, ISA-ULisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
4IRTA, Torre Marimon, Barcelona, Spain;
5INIAV, Polo de Dois Portos, Portugal

Contact the author*

Keywords

Soil Microbiome, Grapevine, Syrah, Drought, Crop Sustainability

Tags

IVES Conference Series | Open GPB | Open GPB 2024

Citation

Related articles…

Successful technology transfer of the early defoliation technique in cv. Mandó, an autochthon variety from south-east Spain

In the old-world viticulture autochthonous varieties are an important inheritance because they can provide wines with authenticity and distinction. Cultivar Mandó is an almost extinguished variety from the south-east

Rootstock effects on Grüner Veltliner ecophysiology in the Kremstal wine region of Austria

Understanding the impact of rootstocks on grapevine water relations is crucial to face climate change maintaining vineyard productivity and sustainability.

HOW TO EVALUATE THE QUALITY OF NATURAL WINES?

The movement of Natural wines has clearly increased in the last few years, to reach a high demand from consumers nowadays. Switzerland has not been left out of this movement and has created a dedicated association in 2021. This association has the ambition to develop a specific tasting sheet for natural wines. The study of the tasting notes shows that the olfactory description of wines is recent but predominant today. But wine is a product makes to be drunk and not (just) to smell it. Based on these findings, a new 100-point tasting sheet has been developed. The main characteristics are 1) an evaluation in the mouth before the description of the olfaction, 2) to give 50% of the points on the judgment for the mouth characteristics, 3) to pejorate the visual aspects only if the wine is judged as “not drinkable” and 4) to express personal emotions.

Ecodesign tools and approaches in viticulture for professionals and learners, contributions of the Vitarbae project

The agro-ecological transition in winegrowing can benefit from the environmental assessment of practices to inform producers’ technical choices. life cycle assessment (lca) evaluates the environmental impact of a product over its entire life cycle. this paper takes a look at the tools available for the detailed assessment and eco-design of winegrowing practices, their uses and developments in the vitarbae research project (2023-2026). this project aims to establish and equip support and training courses for the agroecological transition in viticulture and fruit arboriculture.

Wine lees: characterization and valorization by kombucha fermentation

Winemaking generates various types of residues (vine shoots, stalks, pomace, wine lees and filtration cakes) which can have a notable environmental and economic impact. Wine by-products are rich in bioactive compounds and therefore their valorization can be beneficial on different levels.