terclim by ICS banner
IVES 9 IVES Conference Series 9 Open-GPB 9 Open-GPB-2024 9 Flash - Abiotic interactions 9 The adaptation and resilience of scions and rootstocks to water constraint

The adaptation and resilience of scions and rootstocks to water constraint

Abstract

The ability of grapevine cultivars and rootstocks to cope with and adapt to recurring water constraints is the focus of this study. The contribution of intrinsic (epigenetic) and extrinsic (rootzone microbial community) factors to water stress resilience will be discussed. The study was conducted in a validated model vineyard where three scion cultivars (Pinotage, Shiraz, and Cabernet Sauvignon) on two rootstocks (Richter 110 and USVIT8-7) grow under recurring seasonal water constraint (and control) scenarios since planting (in 2020). Comprehensive profiling of the site, soil, atmospheric conditions, plants, and their physiological responses provide contextual data for the analyses conducted. Sampling occurred twice in a season, firstly when no water constraint was evident yet (in that season), or after a period of confirmed water stress. For the epigenetic analyses, an initial baseline methylation analysis was performed, indicating that the %methylation drops towards the second time point (as water constraint developed). A more detailed analysis followed to also test for developmental patterns and to identify target plants for a deeper epigenetic analysis. The soil microbial community analysis showed that the rootstock-scion combinations significantly influenced fungal communities in terms of the level of diversity and community composition and structure, while sampling time points contributed significantly to differences in the bacterial community diversity. Clear alterations were observed in the vineyard microbiome with increasing water constraints. The combined data provides insight into the adaptability of grapevines and confirms the value of long-term experimentation and a high level of characterisation of complex field phenotyping sites in grapevine.

Download the abstract

DOI:

Publication date: June 13, 2024

Issue: Open GPB 2024

Type: Article

Authors

Melané A Vivier*, Riyana Diljee, Nomfundo Shange, Anscha Zietsman, Reinhard Swart, Talitha Venter, Carlos Poblete-Echeverria, Philip R Young, Mathabatha Evodia Setati

South African Grape and Wine Research Institute (SAGWRI), Faculty of AgriSciences, Stellenbosch University, Matieland 7602, South Africa

Contact the author*

Keywords

Scion, Rootstock, Water stress, Epigenetics; Grapevine Microbiome

Tags

IVES Conference Series | Open GPB | Open GPB 2024

Citation

Related articles…

Framing authenticity and shaping regional identity to create markets

Authenticity is attributed when an organisation’s practices credibly represent its genuine identity.
Read More

Adsorption of tetraconazole by organic residues and vineyard organically-amended soils 

Spain is the country with the largest wine-producing area in the EU and its productivity is largely controlled applying fungicides. However, residues of these compounds can move and contaminate surface and groundwater. The objective of this work was to evaluate the capacity of bioadsorbents from different origin to adsorb and immobilize tetraconazole by themselves or when applied as organic soil amendment, and to prevent soil and water contamination by this fungicide. The adsorption of tetraconazole by 3 organic residues: spent mushroom substrate (SMS), green compost (GC) and vine pruning sawdust (VP), as well as by vineyard soils unamended and amended individually with these residues at 1.5% (w/w) was evaluated using the batch equilibrium technique.

Read More

Predicting oxygen consumption rate by tannins through sweep linear voltammetry and machine learning models

Nowadays, it is well known that oxygen significantly impacts wine quality. The amount of oxygen wine consumes during the winemaking process depends on several factors, such as storage conditions, the number of rackings, the materials used for aging, and the type of closure chosen for bottling.

Read More

Response of red grape varieties irrigated during the summer to water availability at the end of winter in four Spanish wine-growing regions: berry phenolic composition

Water availability is the most limiting factor for vineyard productivity under Mediterranean conditions. Due to the effects caused by the current climate change, wine-growing regions may face serious soil moisture conservation problems, due to the lower water retention capacity of the soil and higher soil irradiation. The aim of this work was to evaluate the effects of soil recharge irrigation in pre-sprouting and summer irrigation every week (30 % ETo) from the pea size state until the end of ripening (RP) compared to exclusively summer irrigation every week (R) in the same way that RP, on berry phenolic composition at harvest.

Read More

Experiments with the use of stems in Pinot noir winemaking

Vinification trials were carried out between 2018 and 2021 in the experimental winery at Laimburg Research Centre, Alto Adige, to test the effect of grape stem inclusion during fermentation of Pinot Noir.

Read More