terclim by ICS banner
IVES 9 IVES Conference Series 9 Open-GPB 9 Open-GPB-2024 9 Flash - Abiotic interactions 9 The adaptation and resilience of scions and rootstocks to water constraint

The adaptation and resilience of scions and rootstocks to water constraint

Abstract

The ability of grapevine cultivars and rootstocks to cope with and adapt to recurring water constraints is the focus of this study. The contribution of intrinsic (epigenetic) and extrinsic (rootzone microbial community) factors to water stress resilience will be discussed. The study was conducted in a validated model vineyard where three scion cultivars (Pinotage, Shiraz, and Cabernet Sauvignon) on two rootstocks (Richter 110 and USVIT8-7) grow under recurring seasonal water constraint (and control) scenarios since planting (in 2020). Comprehensive profiling of the site, soil, atmospheric conditions, plants, and their physiological responses provide contextual data for the analyses conducted. Sampling occurred twice in a season, firstly when no water constraint was evident yet (in that season), or after a period of confirmed water stress. For the epigenetic analyses, an initial baseline methylation analysis was performed, indicating that the %methylation drops towards the second time point (as water constraint developed). A more detailed analysis followed to also test for developmental patterns and to identify target plants for a deeper epigenetic analysis. The soil microbial community analysis showed that the rootstock-scion combinations significantly influenced fungal communities in terms of the level of diversity and community composition and structure, while sampling time points contributed significantly to differences in the bacterial community diversity. Clear alterations were observed in the vineyard microbiome with increasing water constraints. The combined data provides insight into the adaptability of grapevines and confirms the value of long-term experimentation and a high level of characterisation of complex field phenotyping sites in grapevine.

Download the abstract

DOI:

Publication date: June 13, 2024

Issue: Open GPB 2024

Type: Article

Authors

Melané A Vivier*, Riyana Diljee, Nomfundo Shange, Anscha Zietsman, Reinhard Swart, Talitha Venter, Carlos Poblete-Echeverria, Philip R Young, Mathabatha Evodia Setati

South African Grape and Wine Research Institute (SAGWRI), Faculty of AgriSciences, Stellenbosch University, Matieland 7602, South Africa

Contact the author*

Keywords

Scion, Rootstock, Water stress, Epigenetics; Grapevine Microbiome

Tags

IVES Conference Series | Open GPB | Open GPB 2024

Citation

Related articles…

Evaluation of viticultural suitability of Arezzo Province (Tuscany)

Dans une région comme la Toscane, zone dans laquelle sont produits certains des meilleurs vins italiens et du monde, la province d’Arezzo a actuellement une importance relativement marginale
Read More

Analysis of peptide fraction from white wines

Among nitrogen compounds included in white wines, the peptide fraction is certainly the least studied, however this fraction is quantitatively the most important (Feuillat, 1974). Existing studies concern the fraction below 1 kDa and only for white and sparkling wines (Bartolomé et al, 1997, Desportes et al 2000). In this report, we have developed methods to isolate peptides from reference white wines. Then, we have applied this methodology with bitter wine to answer a research question: is there a relation between peptides and the bitterness of white wine as for some cheese for example (Furtado, 1984)?

Read More

Estimation of stomatal conductance and chlorophyll fluorescence in Croatian grapevine germplasm under water deficit    

Water deficit profoundly impacts the quality of grapes and results in considerable reductions in crop yield. First symptoms manifest with reduced stomatal conductance and transpiration, accompanied by the wilting of apical leaves and tendrils. So far, there is no available data on the water stress response in Croatian grapevine germplasm. Therefore, objective of this study was to determine influence of genotype and treatment on stomatal conductance (gsw), transpiration (E), electron transport rate (ETR), and quantum efficiency in light (PhiPS2).

Read More

Study of Malvasia di Candia Aromatica shelf-life: effect of time and temperature on aroma compounds through an HS-SPME GCxGC-Ms approach

Young white wines should be consumed within a short time after bottling to avoid loss of their fresh, fruity attributes. Shelf-life of white wines can be extended if they are stored under suitable conditions of time and temperature prior to consumption.

Read More

How to improve the mouthfeel of wines obtained by excessive tannin extraction

Red wines felt as astringent and bitter generally show high content of tannins due to grape phenolic compounds’ extraction in the maceration process. Among different enological practices, mannoproteins have been shown to improve the mouthfeel of red wines (1) and the color (2,3). In this work, we evaluated the effect of mannoproteins on the mouthfeel profile of Sangiovese wines obtained by excessive tannin extraction.

Read More