terclim by ICS banner
IVES 9 IVES Conference Series 9 Open-GPB 9 Open-GPB-2024 9 Flash - Abiotic interactions 9 The adaptation and resilience of scions and rootstocks to water constraint

The adaptation and resilience of scions and rootstocks to water constraint

Abstract

The ability of grapevine cultivars and rootstocks to cope with and adapt to recurring water constraints is the focus of this study. The contribution of intrinsic (epigenetic) and extrinsic (rootzone microbial community) factors to water stress resilience will be discussed. The study was conducted in a validated model vineyard where three scion cultivars (Pinotage, Shiraz, and Cabernet Sauvignon) on two rootstocks (Richter 110 and USVIT8-7) grow under recurring seasonal water constraint (and control) scenarios since planting (in 2020). Comprehensive profiling of the site, soil, atmospheric conditions, plants, and their physiological responses provide contextual data for the analyses conducted. Sampling occurred twice in a season, firstly when no water constraint was evident yet (in that season), or after a period of confirmed water stress. For the epigenetic analyses, an initial baseline methylation analysis was performed, indicating that the %methylation drops towards the second time point (as water constraint developed). A more detailed analysis followed to also test for developmental patterns and to identify target plants for a deeper epigenetic analysis. The soil microbial community analysis showed that the rootstock-scion combinations significantly influenced fungal communities in terms of the level of diversity and community composition and structure, while sampling time points contributed significantly to differences in the bacterial community diversity. Clear alterations were observed in the vineyard microbiome with increasing water constraints. The combined data provides insight into the adaptability of grapevines and confirms the value of long-term experimentation and a high level of characterisation of complex field phenotyping sites in grapevine.

Download the abstract

DOI:

Publication date: June 13, 2024

Issue: Open GPB 2024

Type: Article

Authors

Melané A Vivier*, Riyana Diljee, Nomfundo Shange, Anscha Zietsman, Reinhard Swart, Talitha Venter, Carlos Poblete-Echeverria, Philip R Young, Mathabatha Evodia Setati

South African Grape and Wine Research Institute (SAGWRI), Faculty of AgriSciences, Stellenbosch University, Matieland 7602, South Africa

Contact the author*

Keywords

Scion, Rootstock, Water stress, Epigenetics; Grapevine Microbiome

Tags

IVES Conference Series | Open GPB | Open GPB 2024

Citation

Related articles…

Shoot positioning: effect on physiological, vegetative and reproductive parameters

[English version below] On a étudié durant deux saisons de croissance (2002/2003 et 2003/2004) l’effet de l’orientation vertical des rameaux sur les paramètres physiologiques, végétatifs et reproductifs dans la région de Stellenbosch dans un vignoble du cépage Merlot sur 99 R conduite à espalier et taillé a cordon coursonné. Les vignes étaient espacées 2.7 x 1.5 m. L’irrigation a été appliquée quand la baie avait la dimension d’un pois et a la véraison.
Read More

Vine growing description of Aeolian archipelago

An agroclimatic description of Aeolian archipelago viticulture area (Me), Italy is presented. Aeolian archipelago is located off the northeastern coast of Sicily and it includes the islands of Alicudi, Filicudi, Salina, Panarea, Lipari, Stromboli and Vulcano.

Read More

To a better understanding of the impact of vine nitrogen status on volatile thiols from plot to transcriptome level

Volatile thiols contribute largely to the organoleptic characteristics and typicity of Sauvignon blanc wines. Among this family of odorous compounds, 3-sulfanylhexan-1-ol (3SH) and 4-methyl-4-sulfanylpentan-2-one (4MSP) have a major impact on wine flavor. These thiols are formed during alcoholic fermentation by the yeast from odorless and non-volatile precursors found in the berry and the must. The effect of vine nitrogen status on 3SH and 4MSP in Sauvignon blanc wine and on the glutathionylated and cysteinylated precursors of 3SH (Glut-3SH and Cys-3SH) was investigated in this study.

Read More

Manipulating grapevine bud fruitfulness

Bud fruitfulness is a key component of reproductive performance of grapevine. It plays a significant role in annual yield variation of vineyards as it is a prerequisite of crop production in the following season. Various exogenous and endogenous factors influencing the development of inflorescence primordia (IP) have been studied. However, the research on molecular genetic control of bud fruitfulness, especially how it interacts with environmental factors is still lacking. This study aims to investigate the molecular mechanism of effects of temperature and light on grapevine bud fruitfulness during initiation and differentiation of IP.

Read More

Influence of spraying of copper fungicides on physiological parameters of Vitis vinifera L. Cv. ‘Merlot’

Vine downy mildew is one of the most frequent diseases in intensive vineyards. Bordeaux mixture (B.m.), in order to control the disease has been applied onto vineyards since the end of the 19th century. The intensive use of Cu-fungicides could influence the physiology of grapevine. It is also possible that high amounts of foliar Cu sprays trigger stress responses in vine leaves.

Read More