terclim by ICS banner
IVES 9 IVES Conference Series 9 Coping with extreme climatic events: some lessons from recent work on grapevine under heat peak

Coping with extreme climatic events: some lessons from recent work on grapevine under heat peak

Abstract

Climate change critically challenges viticulture. Among other threats, extreme and increasingly frequent heatwaves cause irreversible burns on leaves and bunches. A series of observations and experiments was conducted to better understand how leaf burns originate and whether genetics or management practices can mitigate them. In 2019, a panel of 279 potted cultivars of Vitis vinifera L. grown outdoors suffered a heat peak and a genetic origin of leaf burn variability was demonstrated. To deeper explore this variability, fourteen cultivars were selected for their contrasting responses to high temperatures, and detached leaves were submitted to a controlled increase in temperature up to 50 °C in a growth chamber. A significant genotypic effect on leaf burn was confirmed on detached leaves like on whole plants outdoors, although with a different ranking of the varieties. As the air temperature in the growth chamber and during the 2019 heat peak evolved similarly, we hypothesized that other conditions, including light or evaporative demand, may have differentially favored one or other of the different physiological determinants of leaf burn. Therefore, in parallel with the development of burns on detached leaves exposed to high temperature in the growth chamber, changes in leaf temperature, transpiration rate, membrane damages and chlorophyll fluorescence were monitored. Significant differences between cultivars in leaf temperature and in the reduction of maximum photosynthesis yield were highlighted. Genetic variation in leaf burns correlated with some of these physiological responses paving the way to the identification of genotypes or conditions with minimal symptoms.

Download the abstract

DOI:

Publication date: June 13, 2024

Issue: Open GPB 2024

Type: Article

Authors

Laurine Chir1, Lison Lepilleur1, Romain Boulord1, Stéphane Berhézène1, Renaud Fournier1, Llorenç Cabrera-Bosquet1, Thierry Simonneau1, Aude Coupel-Ledru1

1 LEPSE, Univ Montpellier, INRAE, Institut Agro, Montpellier, France

Contact the author*

Keywords

heatwave, genetic variability, leaf burn, chlorophyll fluorescence, hydraulics

Tags

IVES Conference Series | Open GPB | Open GPB 2024

Citation

Related articles…

Investigation on Valbelluna area and its oenological potentiality: case study on Prosecco DOC

Valbelluna valley is an area located in the northeastern Italy. It is extended from the East-West between Feltre and Belluno, along the Piave waterway and enclosed between Cansiglio valley on the South and the Dolomites in the North. Here, the villages of Limana and Trichiana are present, which are considered for decades potentially interesting areas to aim a niche production with own particular properties.The position of this area, its sun exposition, its soil composition and the microclimate, are ideal factors to obtain vines and consequently wines with unique features especially regarding the diversity and complexity aroma.

Read More

ADDITION OF OAK WOOD ALTERNATIVE PRODUCTS: QUALITATIVE AND SENSORIAL EFFECTS FOR A WHITE WINE OF ALIGOTE

Wines matured in contact with wood are extremely popular with consumers all over the world. Oak wood allows the organoleptic characteristics of wine to be modified. Wines are enriched with volatile and non-volatile compounds extracted from the wood. The aromas extracted from oak wood contribute to the construction of the wine’s aromatic profile and the main polyphenols extracted can modify taste perceptions such as astringency and bitterness. All the compounds extracted from the wood thus contribute to the balance and quality of the wines.

Read More

Advancing wine authentication: non-invasive near-infrared spectroscopy and machine learning for vintage and quality traits assessment

Wine fraud, encompassing counterfeiting and adulteration, poses a significant threat to the wine industry, resulting in annual losses totalling billions of dollars.

Read More

The use of local knowledge relating to vineyard performance to identify viticultural terroirs in Stellenbosch and surrounds

A terroir represents grouping of homogenous environmental units, or natural terroir units, based on the typicality of the products obtained. Identification and characterisation of terroirs depends on knowledge of environmental parameters, the functioning of the grapevine and characteristics of the final product, which must be placed in a spatial context.

Read More

Unravel the underlying mechanisms of delaying ripening techniques in grapevine

In a scenario of changing climate conditions, grapevine is significantly affected at multiple levels. Advancements in phenology and berry ripening, however, are the major dynamics of the generalized increase in average temperature and evaporative demand, negatively affecting berry quality and productivity. The aim of this work was to unravel the underlying mechanisms of bunch-zone auxin application (NAA; 1-Naphthaleneacetic acid) and source-limiting canopy management approaches in delaying berry ripening. In randomized block design experiments, control vines were compared to vines treated with NAA, subjected to apical-to-bunch defoliation or antitranspirant application (n=10-to-42 plants per treatment).

Read More