terclim by ICS banner
IVES 9 IVES Conference Series 9 Exploiting somaclonal variability to increase drought stress tolerance in grapevine 

Exploiting somaclonal variability to increase drought stress tolerance in grapevine 

Abstract

Global warming has enhanced the frequency and severity of drought events, hence calling for a better management of water resources in the vineyard and for an improvement of breeding platforms. Somatic embryogenesis (SE) (i.e. the initiation of embryos from somatic tissues) can spontaneously generate new genetic variability, which results from genetic mutations, changes in epigenetic marks, or phenotypic alterations.

This study was tailored to test whether vines in vitro regenerated through SE (i.e. somaclones), can tolerate water deprivation better than the mother plant.

Physiological trials of water stress and recovery were conducted on two populations of different somaclone lines of Vitis vinifera ‘Nebbiolo’ and of 110R (V. rupestris x V. berlandieri) rootstock, respectively regenerated in absence and presence of in vitro selective pressure. During the experiments, dynamic changes in the main eco-physiological parameters were monitored on target somaclones and compared with those measured on plants of the corresponding mother plant lines. Alterations in biometric and anatomical traits were also inspected. The observed responses were further deepened by analyzing differences in the accumulation of defense secondary metabolites and hormones and in the transcription of stress-responsive genes. In parallel, genetic mutations potentially controlling specific physiological adjustments were searched, by sequencing the genomes of the best and worst performing lines.

The integration of physiological, biochemical and molecular data proved that grapevine somaclones are more tolerant to drought and that therefore the exploitation of somaclonal variability can represent an effective and ready-to-use genetic improvement strategy for implementing clonal selection and breeding programs in grapevine.

DOI:

Publication date: June 13, 2024

Issue: Open GPB 2024

Type: Poster

Authors

Amedeo Moine1*, Paolo Boccacci1, Walter Chitarra1,2, Luca Nerva1,2, Giorgio Gambino1, Irene Perrone1, Chiara Pagliarani1

1 Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection, National Research Council (IPSP-CNR), Strada delle Cacce 73, 10135 Torino (Italy)
2 Research Centre for Viticulture and Enology, Council for Agricultural Research and Economics (CREA-VE), Via XXVIII Aprile 26, 31015 Conegliano (Italy)

Contact the author*

Keywords

Vitis Spp., water stress, somatic embryogenesis, genetic variability, gas exchange

Tags

IVES Conference Series | Open GPB | Open GPB 2024

Citation

Related articles…

Managing Grapevine Powdery Mildew with Ultraviolet-C Light in Washington State

Germicidal ultraviolet-C (UV-C) light has shown promising results for suppression of several plant-pathogenic microorganims, including Erysiphe necator, which attacks grapevine. In Washington State the majority of winegrape production is in a semi-arid steppe environment, with historically low powdery mildew disease pressure, making it a promising area to deploy UV-C as a disease management tool. Trials focusing on UVC application timing and frequency will assist in developing regionally-appropriate application recommendations for eastern Washington State.

Impact of climate change on the viticultural climate of the Protected Designation of Origin “Jumilla” (SE Spain)

Protected Designation of Origin “Jumilla” (PDO Jumilla) is located in the Spanish provinces of Albacete and Murcia, in the South-eastern part of the Iberian Peninsula, where most of the models predict a severe impact of climate change in next decades. PDO Jumilla covers an area of 247,054 hectares, of which more than 22,000 hectares

Simplifying the measurement of different forms of cu in wines and strategies for efficient removal

Copper (Cu) is known to substantially impact wine stability through oxidative, reductive or colloidal phenomena. Recent work has shown that Cu exists predominantly in a sulfide-bound form, which may act as a potential source of sulfidic off-odours in wine and hence contribute to reductive flavours

Protection of genetic diversity: maintenance and developements of a grapevine genebank in Hungary

Among the items preserved in gene banks, the old standard and autochthonous varieties represent an increasing value, since these varieties may have properties to make their cultivation more effective under changing climatic conditions. The increasingly extreme weather is a huge challenge for the viticulture. Collectional varieties can also play important role in protection against pests and pathogens. A genebank ensures not only the preservation of rare varieties, but also gives the opportunity for more knowledge and research of these varieties.

Managing alcohol in sparkling wine production: adjusting harvest timing and utilizing grape juice in “liqueur de tirage”

Context and purpose of the study. Sparkling wine production is majorly impacted by climate change as sugar accumulation and aromatic development in grapes are often decoupled.