terclim by ICS banner
IVES 9 IVES Conference Series 9 Exploiting somaclonal variability to increase drought stress tolerance in grapevine 

Exploiting somaclonal variability to increase drought stress tolerance in grapevine 

Abstract

Global warming has enhanced the frequency and severity of drought events, hence calling for a better management of water resources in the vineyard and for an improvement of breeding platforms. Somatic embryogenesis (SE) (i.e. the initiation of embryos from somatic tissues) can spontaneously generate new genetic variability, which results from genetic mutations, changes in epigenetic marks, or phenotypic alterations.

This study was tailored to test whether vines in vitro regenerated through SE (i.e. somaclones), can tolerate water deprivation better than the mother plant.

Physiological trials of water stress and recovery were conducted on two populations of different somaclone lines of Vitis vinifera ‘Nebbiolo’ and of 110R (V. rupestris x V. berlandieri) rootstock, respectively regenerated in absence and presence of in vitro selective pressure. During the experiments, dynamic changes in the main eco-physiological parameters were monitored on target somaclones and compared with those measured on plants of the corresponding mother plant lines. Alterations in biometric and anatomical traits were also inspected. The observed responses were further deepened by analyzing differences in the accumulation of defense secondary metabolites and hormones and in the transcription of stress-responsive genes. In parallel, genetic mutations potentially controlling specific physiological adjustments were searched, by sequencing the genomes of the best and worst performing lines.

The integration of physiological, biochemical and molecular data proved that grapevine somaclones are more tolerant to drought and that therefore the exploitation of somaclonal variability can represent an effective and ready-to-use genetic improvement strategy for implementing clonal selection and breeding programs in grapevine.

Download the abstract

DOI:

Publication date: June 13, 2024

Issue: Open GPB 2024

Type: Poster

Authors

Amedeo Moine1*, Paolo Boccacci1, Walter Chitarra1,2, Luca Nerva1,2, Giorgio Gambino1, Irene Perrone1, Chiara Pagliarani1

1 Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection, National Research Council (IPSP-CNR), Strada delle Cacce 73, 10135 Torino (Italy)
2 Research Centre for Viticulture and Enology, Council for Agricultural Research and Economics (CREA-VE), Via XXVIII Aprile 26, 31015 Conegliano (Italy)

Contact the author*

Keywords

Vitis Spp., water stress, somatic embryogenesis, genetic variability, gas exchange

Tags

IVES Conference Series | Open GPB | Open GPB 2024

Citation

Related articles…

Caractérisation des terroirs viticoles champenois

The Champagne vineyard extends over 35,300 ha under the Appellation d’Origine Contrôlée, of which 30,000 are in production. It mainly covers 3 departments: in order of importance, Marne (68% of the appellation area), Aube (22%) and Aisne (10%), and more anecdotally Haute Marne and Seine and Mame. It is a young vineyard (for more than half of the surface, the winegrowers have the experience of only one generation of vines), and fragmented (more than half of the exploitations extend over less than 1 ha; the average size of a cadastral parcel is 12 ares).

Read More

Influence of successive oxygen saturations of a grape juice, supplemented or not with laccase, on its color and hydroxycinnamic acids concentration

Aim: This work studies how successive O2 saturations affects the color and hydroxycinnamic
acids concentration in the absence and presence of laccase from B. cinerea with the aim of better understanding the browning processes.

Materials and methods: Grapes of Muscat of Alexandria were harvested and pressed with a vertical press to extract 60% of their juice. Aliquots of 30 mL of this must were placed in 60 mL flasks equipped with a pill (PreSens Precision Sensing GmbH) for measuring oxygen by luminescence (Nomasense TM O2 Trace Oxygen Analyzer).

Read More

Environmental protection by means of (“Great”) vitiviniculture zonation

In the paper is discussed the first example of environmental protection, agreed in a wide term sense, by means of vitiviniculture zonations performed in Istria (Croatia) in the area of Butoniga lake

Read More

Method for the evaluation of climatic changes envisaging the protection of grape-growing terroirs: the Géoviticulture MCC system in the evaluation of the potential impact of the construction of hydroelectric power plants on viticulture

La recherche, conduite en 2002, a envisagé l’estimation, a priori, de l’effet du changement mesoclimatique sur le potentiel qualitatif de la région viticole de la Serra Gaúcha (Vallée du Rio das Antas) – Brésil, en fonction de la construction de 3 usines hydroélectriques.

Read More

Water relations of woody perennial plant species

Field irrigation experiments were performed on young « Nonpareil » almond trees, mature « Bartlett » pear trees and mature « Pinot Noir » grapevines, to determine the relation of a number of alternative measures of plant water status (predawn and midday stem and leaf water potential), to a number of indices of plant physiological activity (leaf conductance, vegetative growth and fruit growth and composition).

Read More