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IVES 9 IVES Conference Series 9 OIV 9 OIV 2024 9 Orals - Viticulture, table grapes, dried grapes and unfermented grape products 9 Understanding the physiological responses of Sauvignon blanc vines to sequential extreme weather events: implications for vineyard management in a changing climate

Understanding the physiological responses of Sauvignon blanc vines to sequential extreme weather events: implications for vineyard management in a changing climate

Abstract

Climate plays a predominant role in vines’ growth and productivity and several environmental variables are already known to pose challenges to grapevine production and the horticultural industry as a whole. In this context, a number of extreme weather events already occurring and expected to occur in the next decades even more frequently and with higher magnitude results from current climate change scenario. The aim of this study was to examine the physiological responses of roots, leaves, and berries of Vitis vinifera cv. Sauvignon blanc to consecutive and combined stressors simulated in a semi-controlled environment. We specifically investigated the effects of flooding during bud-break followed by multiple summer stresses, such as heatwaves and drought spells applied prior to véraison. High-throughput RNA-Seq and NMR technologies were used for transcriptomic and metabolomic analysis, respectively. A comprehensive hormone profiling was also carried out. The results pointed out that each of the three organs responded differently to the diverse stress and their combinations. Sequential stress in berries, such as a summer heatwave following a flooding event during bud-break, can affect phenological development and fruit ripening, impacting the quality of berries and potentially wine. A temporal difference in the transcription of genes between the roots and the leaves was also observed. Furthermore, heatwaves alone and in combination with flooding had an impact on the roots and leaves at metabolic, hormonal and transcriptional level. A physiological model was proposed that may support the development of sustainable vineyard management solutions to improve the water use efficiency and adaptation capacity of actual viticultural systems to future scenarios.

Studio delle risposte fisiologiche delle viti Sauvignon blanc agli eventi meteorologici estremi: implicazioni per la gestione dei vigneti in un clima in evoluzione

Il clima ha un ruolo predominante nella crescita e nella produttività delle viti e diversi fattori ambientali sono già noti per rappresentare sfide alla produzione di uva e all’intera industria orticola. In questo contesto, diversi eventi meteorologici estremi che si verificano già e ci si aspetta che si verifichino con maggiore frequenza e intensità nei prossimi decenni a causa dello scenario attuale di cambiamento climatico. Lo scopo di questo studio è stato esaminare le risposte fisiologiche delle radici, delle foglie e delle bacche di Vitis vinifera cv. Sauvignon blanc a stress consecutivi e combinati simulati in un ambiente semi-controllato. In particolare, abbiamo investigato gli effetti di sommersione durante il germogliamento seguito da stress estivi multipli, come ondate di calore e periodi di siccità applicati prima della véraison. Sono state utilizzate tecnologie RNA-Seq e NMR per l’analisi trascrittomiche e metabolomiche, rispettivamente. E stata anche condotta una profilatura completa degli ormoni. I risultati hanno evidenziato che ciascuno dei tre organi ha risposto in modo diverso ai vari stress e alle loro combinazioni. Gli stress sequenziali nelle bacche, come ad esempio un’ondata di calore estiva che segue un evento di sommersione durante il germogliamento, possono influenzare lo sviluppo fenologico e la maturazione delle bacche, incidendo sulla qualità delle bacche e potenzialmente del vino. E stata osservata anche una differenza temporale nella trascrizione dei geni tra le radici e le foglie. Inoltre, le ondate di calore in combinazione con la sommersione hanno avuto un impatto sulle radici e sulle foglie a livello metabolico, ormonale e trascrizionale. E stato proposto un modello fisiologico che potrebbe supportare lo sviluppo di soluzioni di gestione sostenibile dei vigneti per migliorare l’efficienza nell’uso dell’acqua e la capacità di adattamento dei sistemi viticoli attuali agli scenari futuri.

Comprendiendo las respuestas fisiológicas de las vides Sauvignon blanc a eventos climáticos extremos secuenciales: implicaciones para la gestión de viñedos en un clima cambiante

El clima juega un papel predominante en el crecimiento y la productividad de las vides, y es sabido que diversas variables ambientales representan desafíos para la producción de vid y la industria hortícola en su conjunto. En este contexto, los eventos climáticos extremos que ya están ocurriendo y que se espera que ocurran con más frecuencia y magnitud aún mayor en las próximas décadas son el resultado del escenario actual de cambio climático. El objetivo de este estudio fue examinar las respuestas fisiológicas en raíces, hojas y bayas de Vitis vinifera cv. Sauvignon blanc a estresores consecutivos y combinados simulados en un entorno semi-controlado. Específicamente investigamos los efectos de las inundaciones durante la brotación seguido de múltiples estreses ocurridos durante el verano, como olas de calor y períodos de sequía aplicados antes del véraison. Se utilizaron tecnologías de RNA-Seq de alto rendimiento y NMR para el análisis transcriptómico y metabolómico, respectivamente. También se realizó un perfil hormonal completo. Los resultados señalaron que cada uno de los tres órganos respondió de manera diferente al estrés y sus combinaciones. El estrés secuencial en las bayas, como una ola de calor en verano después de un evento de inundación durante la brotación, puede afectar el desarrollo fenológico y la maduración de la fruta, impactando la calidad de las bayas y potencialmente, del vino. También se observó una diferencia temporal en la transcripción de genes entre las raíces y las hojas. Además, las olas de calor por sí solas y en combinación con inundaciones tuvieron un impacto en las raíces y las hojas a nivel metabólico, hormonal y transcripcional. Se ha propuesto un modelo fisiológico que pueda apoyar el desarrollo de soluciones en la gestión sostenible de viñedos para mejorar la eficiencia en el uso del agua y la capacidad de adaptación de los sistemas vitícolas actuales a escenarios futuros.

Publication date: November 18, 2024

Issue: OIV 2024

Type: Article

Authors

Monica Canton¹, Alessandro Botton¹, Francesco Girardi¹, Benedetto Ruperti¹, Matteo Brilli², Veronica Tijero³, Giulia Eccher¹, Francesca Populin⁴, Elisabetta Schievano⁵, Andrea Pitacco¹, Tobia Riello⁵, Sergi Munné-Bosch⁶, Angela Rasori¹, Valerio Cardillo¹, Franco Meggio¹

¹ Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment (DAFNAE), University of Padova, Italy
² Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, Italy
³ IRTA, Institute of Agrifood Research and Technology, Spain
⁴ Unit of Fruit Crop Genetics and Breeding, Research and Innovation Centre (CRI), Edmund Mach Foundation, Italy
⁵ Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, Italy
⁶ Department of Evolutionary Biology, Ecology and Environmental Sciences, University of Barcelona, Spain

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Tags

IVES Conference Series | OIV | OIV 2024

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