terclim by ICS banner
IVES 9 IVES Conference Series 9 Exploring grapevine water relations in the context of fruit growth at pre- and post-veraison

Exploring grapevine water relations in the context of fruit growth at pre- and post-veraison

Abstract

Climate change is increasing the frequency of water deficit in many grape-growing regions. Grapevine varieties differ in their stomatal behavior during water deficit, and their ability to regulate water potential under dry soil conditions is commonly differentiated using the concept of isohydricity. It remains unclear whether stomatal behavior, water potential regulation, and the resulting degree of isohydricity has a relationship with changes to fruit growth during water deficit. This study was conducted on four varieties (`Cabernet Franc`, `Semillon`, `Grenache`, and `Riesling`) subjected to both short-term, severe water deficit and long-term, moderate water deficit applied at both pre- and post-veraison. Stomatal conductance was measured with a porometer, pre-dawn and mid-day stem water potentials with a Scholander-type pressure chamber, and fruit growth with a caliper. `Cabernet Franc` and `Riesling` exhibited a greater ability to maintain stomatal conductance, pre-dawn water potential, and mid-day water potential as compared to `Semillon` and `Grenache`. `Cabernet Franc` and `Riesling` were also more resistant to changes in fruit growth than `Semillon` and `Grenache` during both short- and long-term water deficit. Water deficit applied at pre-veraison had a larger impact on fruit growth than when applied at post-veraison. While we were not able to distinctly classify varieties based on common metrics of isohydricity, we found an association between the ability of varieties to maintain stomatal conductance and their ability to maintain fruit growth during water deficit.

DOI:

Publication date: 13/06/2024

Issue: Open GPB 2024

Type: Poster

Authors

Nikolas Wilson1,2*, Leonardo Campigotto3, Thorsten Knipfer1, Simone D. Castellarin1,2

1 Wine Research Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
2 Applied Biology, Faculty of Land and Food Systems, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
3 Department of Agri-food, Environmental and Animal Sciences, University of Udine, Udine, Italy

Contact the author*

Keywords

water deficit, fruit growth, stomata, water potential, isohydricity

Tags

IVES Conference Series | Open GPB | Open GPB 2024

Citation

Related articles…

Modeling the suitability of Pinot Noir in Oregon’s Willamette Valley in a changing climate

Air temperature is the key driver of grapevine phenology and a significant environmental factor impacting yield and quality for a winegrape growing region. In this study the optimal downscaled CMIP5 ensemble for computing thegrowing season average temperature (GST) viticulture climate classification index was determined to spatially compute on a decadal basis predictions of the GST climate index and the grapevine sugar ripeness (GSR) model for Pinot Noir throughout the Willamette Valley (WV) American Viticultural Area (AVA). Forecasts for average temperature and a 220 g/L target sugar concentration level were computed using daily Localized Constructed Analogs (LOCA) downscaled CMIP5 historic and Representative Concentration Pathways (RCP) future climate projections of minimum and maximum daily temperature. We explore spatiotemporal trends of the GST climate classification index and Pinot Noir specific applications of the GSR phenology model for the WV AVA. Spatiotemporal computations of the GST climate index and Pinot Noir specific applications of the GSR model enable the opportunity to explore relationships between their computed values with one intent being to provide updated GST ranges that better align with current temperature-based modeling understanding of Pinot Noir grapevine phenology and the viticultural application of LOCA CMIP5 climate projections for the WV AVA. The Pinot Noir specific applications of the GSR model or the GST index with updated bounds indicate that the percent of the WV AVA area suitable for Pinot Noir production is currently at or near its peak value in the upper 80s to lower 90s of this century.

Achieving Tropical Fruit Aromas in White Wine through Innovative Winemaking Processes

Tropical fruit aroma is highly desirable in certain white wine styles and there is a significant group of consumers that show preference for this aroma.

The importance of rural extension and advisory services to achieve a sustainable viticulture in a climate change scenario

A healthy and dynamic agricultural sector is an important foundation of rural development, generating strong bonds to other economic sectors.

Exploring the contributions of terroir factors on berry quality of cvs. Cabernet-Sauvignon and Merlot (Vitis vinifera L.) at the Eastern Foothills of the Helan Mountains region of China

Terroir leaves its mark on the accumulation of flavours in grape berries, triggering biochemical re-actions and ultimately shaping wine styles.

AOC Saint-Romain, Hautes-Côtes-de-Beaune, Burgundy: analysis of a “terroir”

The aim of this study is to provide an overview of the terroir of Saint-Romain, Burgundy, based on three main information sources: official data relating to vines (CVI), soil cartography and a survey of winegrowers’ practices.